How To Approach Difficulties You Encounter in the Bible

*How To Approach Bible Difficulties

ARE THERE ERRORS IN THE BIBLE? ERRORS, NO!

Critics claim the Bible is filled with errors. Some even speak of thousands of mistakes. The truth is there is not even one demonstrated error in the original text of the Bible. This is not to say there are not difficulties in our Bibles. There are difficulties but there are no actual errors in the Scriptures. Why? Because the Bible is the Word of God, and God cannot err. Come let us reason. Let’s put it in logical form and then examine the premises:

GOD CANNOT ERR. THE BIBLE IS THE WORD OF GOD. THEREFORE, THE BIBLE CANNOT ERR.

As any student of logic knows, this is a valid syllogism (form of reasoning). So, if the premises are true the conclusion is also true. As we will show, the Bible clearly declares itself to be the Word of God. It also informs us that God cannot err. The conclusion, then, is inevitable. The Bible cannot err. If the Bible erred in anything it affirms, then God would be mistaken. But God cannot make mistakes.

God Cannot Err

The Scriptures declare emphatically that “it’s impossible for God to lie” (Heb. 6:18). Paul speaks of the “God who cannot lie” (Titus 1:2). He is a God who, even if we are faithless, “He remains faithful; He cannot deny Himself” (2 Tim. 2:13). God is truth (John 14:6) and so is His Word. Jesus said to the Father, “Your Word is truth” (John 17:17). The psalmist exclaimed, “The entirety of Your word is truth” (Ps. 119:160).

The Bible Is the Word of God 

Jesus referred to the OT as the “Word of God” which “cannot be broken” (John 10:35). He said, “until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished” (Matt. 5:18, NIV). Paul added, “All Scripture is God-breathed” (2 Tim. 3:16, NIV). It came “from the mouth of God” (Matt. 4:4). Although human authors recorded the messages, “prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit” (2 Peter 1:20, NIV).  Jesus said to the religious leaders of His day, “You nullify the Word of God by your tradition” (Mark 7:13, NIV). Jesus turned their attention to the written Word of God by affirming over and over again, “It is written … It is written … It is written . . .” (Matt. 4:4, 7, 10). This phrase occurs over ninety times in the NT. It is a strong indication of the divine authority of the written Word of God. Stressing the unfailing nature of God’s truth, the Apostle Paul referred to the Scriptures as “the Word of God” (Rom. 9:6). The writer of Hebrews declared that “the Word of God is living and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart” (Heb. 4:12, NIV). 

The Logical Conclusion: The Bible Cannot Err 

Yes God has spoken, and He has not stuttered. The God of truth has given us the Word of Truth, and it does not contain any untruth in it. The Bible is the unerring Word of God.’ 

Can the Bible be Trusted in Science and History? 

Some have suggested that Scripture can always be trusted or, moral matters, but it is not always correct on historical matters. They rely on it in the spiritual domain, but not in the sphere of science. If true, however, er, this would render the Bible ineffective as a divine authority, since the spiritual is often inextricably interwoven with the historical and scientific. 

A close examination of Scripture reveals that the scientific (factual) and spiritual truths of Scripture are often inseparable. For example, one cannot separate the spiritual truth of Christ’s resurrection from the fact that His body permanently vacated the tomb and later physically appeared (Matt. 28:6; 1 Cor. 15:13-19). Likewise, if Jesus was not born of a biological virgin, then He is no different from the rest of the human race on whom the stigma of Adam’s sin rests (Rom. 5:12). Likewise, the death of Christ for our sins cannot be detached from His shedding literal blood on the cross, for “without shedding of blood there is no remission” (Heb. 9:22). And Adam’s existence and fall cannot be a myth. If there were no literal Adam and no actual fall, then the spiritual teaching about inherited sin and eventual or physical death are wrong (Rom. 5:12). Historical reality and the theological doctrine stand or fall together. 

Also, the doctrine of the Incarnation is inseparable from the historical truth about Jesus of Nazareth (John 1:1, 14). Further, Jesus’ moral teaching about marriage was based on His teaching about God’s joining a literal Adam and Eve together in marriage (Matt. 19:4-5). In each of these cases the moral or theological teaching is devoid of its meaning apart from the historical or factual event. If one denies that the literal space-time event occurred, then there is no basis for believing the scriptural doctrine built upon it. Jesus often directly compared OT events with important spiritual truths, such as His death and resurrection which were related to Jonah and the great fish (Matt. 12:40). Or, His second coming as compared to the days of Noah (Matt. 24:37-39). Both the occasion and the manner of that comparison make it clear that Jesus was affirming the historicity of those OT events. Indeed, Jesus asserted to Nicodemus, “If I told you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things?” (John 3:12) In short, if the Bible does not speak truthfully about the physical world, then it cannot be trusted when it speaks about the spiritual world. The two are intimately related. 

Inspiration includes not only all that the Bible explicitly teaches, but also everything the Bible touches This is true of history, science, or mathematics—whatever the Bible declares is true, whether a major or a minor point. The Bible is God’s Word, and God does not deviate from the truth. All the parts are as true as the whole they comprise.

If Inspired, Then It Is Inerrant

Inerrancy is a logical result of inspiration. Inerrancy means “wholly true and without error.” And what God breathes out (inspires) must be wholly true (inerrant). However, it is helpful to specify more clearly what is meant by “truth” and what would constitute an “error”.

Truth is that which corresponds to reality. Error is what does not correspond to reality. Nothing mistaken can be true, even if the author intended the true. Otherwise, every sincere utterance ever made is true, even the grossly mistaken.

Some biblical scholars argue that the Bible cannot be inerrant through some faulty reasoning:

1. The Bible is a human book.

2. Humans err.

3. Therefore, the Bible errs.

The error of this reason can be seen from equally erroneous reasoning:

1. Jesus was a human being.

2. Human beings sin.

3. Therefore, Jesus sinned.

One can readily see that this conclusion is wrong. Jesus was “without sin” (Heb. 4:15; see also 2 Cor. 5:21; 2 Peter 1:19; 1 John 2:1; 3:3). But, if Jesus never sinned, what is wrong with the above argument that Jesus is human and humans sin, therefore, Jesus sinned? Where does the logic go astray?

The mistake is to assume that Jesus is simply human. Mere human beings sin. But, Jesus was not a mere human being. He was also God. Likewise, the Bible is not merely a human book; it is also the Word of God. Like Jesus, it has divine elements that negate the statement that anything human errs. They are divine and cannot err. There can no more be an error in God’s written Word than there was a sin in God’s living Word.

Approaching Bible Difficulties. As Augustine said above, mistakes come not in the revelation of God, but in the misinterpretations of man. Except where scribal errors and extraneous changes crept into textual families over the centuries, all the critics’ allegations of error in the Bible are based on errors of their own. Most problems fall into one of the following categories.

Mistake #1: Assuming the Unexplained Is Unexplainable. No informed person would claim to be able to fully explain all Bible difficulties. However, it is a mistake for the critic to assume that the explained cannot and will not be explained. When a scientist comes upon an anomaly in nature, he does not give up further scientific exploration. Rather, the unexplained motivates further study. Scientists once could not explain meteors, eclipses, tornadoes, hurricanes, and earthquakes. Until recently, scientists did not know how the bumblebee could fly. All of these mysteries have yielded their secrets to relentless patience. Scientists do not now know how life can grow on thermovents in the depths of the sea. But, no scientist throws in the towel and cries “contradiction!”

The true biblical scholar approaches the Bible with the same presumption that there are answers to the thus-far unexplained. When something is encountered for which no explanation is known, the student goes on with research, looking out for the means to discover an answer. There is rational reason for faith that an answer will be found, because most once-unsolvable problems have now been answered by science, textual study, archaeology, linguistics, or another discipline. Critics once proposed that Moses could not have written the first five books of the Bible, because Moses’ culture was preliterate. Now we know that writing had existed thousands of years before Moses.

Critics once believed that Bible references to the Hittite people were totally fictional. Such a people by that name had never existed. Now that the Hittites’ national library has been found in Turkey, the skeptics’ once-confident assertions seem humorous. Indications from archaeological studies are that similar scoffings about the route and date of the Exodus will soon be silenced. These and many more examples inspire confidence that the biblical difficulties that have not been explained are not mistakes in the Bible.

Mistake #2: Assuming the Bible is Guilty of Error unless Proven Innocent. Many critics assume the Bible is wrong until something proves it right. However, like an American citizen charged with an offense, the Bible should be read with at least the same presumption of accuracy given to other literature that claims to be nonfiction. This is the way we approach all human communications. If we did not, life would not be possible. If we assumed that road signs and traffic signals were not telling the truth, we would probably be dead before we could prove otherwise. If we assumed food packages mislabeled, we would have to open up all cans and packages before buying.

The Bible, like any other book, should be presumed to be telling us what the authors said, experienced, and heard. Negative critics begin with just the opposite presumption. Little wonder they conclude the Bible is riddled with error.

Mistake #3: Confusing Interpretations with Revelation. Jesus affirmed that the “Scripture cannot be broken” (John 10:35). As an infallible book, the Bible is also irrevocable. Jesus declared, “Truly I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not the smallest letter or stroke shall pass away from the Law, until all is accomplished” (Matt. 5:18; cf. Luke 16:17). The Scriptures also have final authority, being the last word on all it discusses (see Bible, Jesus’ View of). Jesus employed the Bible to resist the tempter (Matt. 4:4, 7, 10), to settle doctrinal disputes (Matt. 21:42), and to vindicate his authority (Mark 11:17). Sometimes a biblical teaching rests on a small historical detail (Heb. 7:4–10), a word or phrase (Acts 15:13–17), or the difference between the singular and the plural (Gal. 3:16).

But, while the Bible is infallible, human interpretations are not. Even though God’s word is perfect (Ps. 19:7), as long as imperfect human beings exist, there will be misinterpretations of God’s Word and false views about his world. In view of this, one should not be hasty in assuming that a currently dominant assumption in science is the final word. Some of yesterday’s irrefutable laws are considered errors by today’s scientists. So, contradictions between popular opinions in science and widely accepted interpretations of the Bible can be expected. But this falls short of proving there is a real contradiction.

Mistake #4: Failure to Understand the Context. The most common mistake of all Bible interpreters, including some critical scholars, is to read a text outside its proper context. As the adage goes, “A text out of context is a pretext.” One can prove anything from the Bible by this mistaken procedure. The Bible says, “there is no God” (Ps. 14:1). Of course, the context is: “The fool has said in his heart ‘There is no God.’ ” One may claim that Jesus admonished us “not to resist evil” (Matt. 5:39), but the antiretaliatory context in which he cast this statement must not be ignored. Many read Jesus’ statement to “Give to him who asks you,” as though one had an obligation to give a gun to a small child. Failure to note that meaning is determined by context is a chief sin of those who find fault with the Bible.

Mistake #5: Interpreting the Difficult by the Clear. Some passages are hard to understand or appear to contradict some other part of Scripture. James appears to be saying that salvation is by works (James 2:14–26), whereas Paul teaches that it is by grace. Paul says Christians are “saved by grace through faith, and that not of ourselves; it is a gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast” (Eph. 2:8–9). And, “to him who does not work but believes on him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness” (Rom. 4:5). Also, it “is not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us” (Titus 3:5–6).

A careful reading of all that James says and all that Paul says shows that Paul is speaking about justification before God (by faith alone), whereas James is referring to justification before others (who only see what we do). And James and Paul both speak of the fruitfulness that always comes in the life of one who loves God.

A similar example, this time involving Paul, is found in Philippians 2:12. Paul says, “Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.” This appears to say salvation is by works. But this is flatly contradicted by the above texts, and a host of other Scriptures. When this difficult statement about “working out our salvation” is understood in the light of clear passages, we can see that it does not mean we are saved by works. In fact, what it means is found in the very next verse. We are to work salvation out because God’s grace has worked it in our hearts. In Paul’s words, “for it is God who works in you both to will and to do for his good pleasure” (Phil. 2:13).

Mistake #6: Teaching on an Obscure Passage. Some passages in the Bible are difficult because their meaning is obscure. This is usually because a key word in the text is used only once (or rarely), so it is difficult to know what the author is saying unless it can be inferred from the context. One of the best known passages in the Bible contains a word that appears nowhere else in all existing Greek literature up to the time the New Testament was written. This word appears in what is popularly known as the Lord’s prayer (Matt. 6:11). It is usually translated, “Give us this day our daily bread.” The word in question is the one translated “daily”—(epiousion). Experts in Greek still have not come to any agreement as to its origin, or its precise meaning. Different commentators try to establish links with Greek words that are known, and many suggested meanings have been proposed:

Give us this day our continuous bread.

Give us this day our supersubstantial (a supernatural gift from heaven) bread.

Give us this day bread for our sustenance.

Give us this day our daily (or, what we need for today) bread.

Each one of these proposals has its defenders, each makes sense in the context, and each is a possibility based on the limited linguistic information. There does not seem to be a compelling reason to depart from what has become the generally accepted translation, but it does add difficulty, because the meaning of some key word is obscure.

At other times, the words are clear but the meaning is not evident because we are missing some background information that the first readers had. This is surely true in 1 Corinthians 15:29 where Paul speaks of those who were “baptized for the dead.” Is he referring to dead believers who were not baptized and others were being baptized for them so they could be saved (as Mormons claim)? Or, is he referring to others being baptized into the church to fill the ranks of those who have passed on? Or is he referring to a believer being baptized “for” (i.e., “with a view to”) his own death and burial with Christ? Or to something else?

When we are not sure, then several things should be kept in mind. First, we should not build a doctrine on an obscure passage. The rule of thumb in the Bible is “The main things are the plain things, and the plain things are the main things.” This is called the “perspicuity” (clarity) of Scripture. If something is important, it is clearly taught and probably in more than one place. Second, when a given passage is not clear, we should never conclude that it means something that is opposed to another plain teaching of Scripture.

Mistake #7: Forgetting the Bible’s Human Characteristics. With the exception of small sections such as the Ten Commandments, which were “written with the finger of God” (Exod. 31:18), the Bible was not verbally dictated (see Rice). The writers were not secretaries of the Holy Spirit. They were human composers employing their own literary styles and idiosyncrasies. These human authors sometimes used human sources for their material (Josh. 10:13; Acts 17:28; 1 Cor. 15:33; Titus 1:12). In fact, every book of the Bible is the composition of a human writer—about forty of them in all. The Bible also manifests different human literary styles. Writers speak from an observer’s standpoint when they write of the sun rising or setting (Josh. 1:15). They also reveal human thought patterns, including memory lapses (1 Cor. 1:14–16), as well as human emotions (Gal. 4:14). The Bible discloses specific human interests. Hosea has a rural interest, Luke a medical concern, and James a love of nature. Biblical authors include a lawgiver (Moses), a general (Joshua), prophets (Samuel, Isaiah, et al.), kings (David and Solomon), a musician (Asaph), a herdsman (Amos), a prince and statesman (Daniel), a priest (Ezra), a tax collector (Matthew), a physician (Luke), a scholar (Paul), and fishermen (Peter and John). With such a variety of occupations represented by biblical writers, it is only natural that their personal interests and differences should be reflected in their writings.

Like Christ, the Bible is completely human, yet without error. Forgetting the humanity of Scripture can lead to falsely impugning its integrity by expecting a level of expression higher than that which is customary to a human document. This will become more obvious as we discuss the next mistakes of the critics.

Mistake #8: Assuming a Partial Report Is a False Report. Critics often jump to the conclusion that a partial report is false. However, this is not so. If it were, most of what has ever been said would be false, since seldom does time or space permit an absolutely complete report. Occasionally biblical writers express the same thing in different ways, or at least from different viewpoints, at different times, stressing different things. Hence, inspiration does not exclude a diversity of expression. The four Gospels relate the same story—often the same incidents—in different ways to different groups of people and sometimes even quotes the same saying with different words. Compare, for example, Peter’s famous confession in the Gospels:

Matthew: “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God” (16:16).

Mark: “You are the Christ” (8:29).

Luke: “The Christ of God” (9:20).

Even the Ten Commandments, which were “written by the finger of God” (Deut. 9:10), are stated with variations the second time they are recorded (cf. Exod. 20:8–11 with Deut. 5:12–15). There are many differences between the books of Kings and Chronicles in their description of identical events, yet they harbor no contradiction in the events they narrate. If such important utterances can be stated in different ways, then there is no reason the rest of Scripture cannot speak truth without employing a wooden literalness of expression.

Mistake #9: Demanding That New Testament Citations of the Old Testament Always Be Exact Quotations. Critics often point to variations in the New Testament use of Old Testament Scriptures as a proof of error. They forget that every citation need not be an exact quotation. Sometimes we use indirect and sometimes direct quotations. It was then (and is today) perfectly acceptable literary style to give the essence of a statement without using precisely the same words. The same meaning can be conveyed without using the same verbal expressions.

Variations in the New Testament citations of the Old Testament fall into different categories. Sometimes they are because there is a change of speaker. For example, Zechariah records the Lord as saying, “they will look on me whom they have pierced” (12:10). When this is cited in the New Testament, John, not God, is speaking. So it is changed to “They shall look on him whom they have pierced” (John 19:37).

At other times, writers cite only part of the Old Testament text. Jesus did this at his home synagogue in Nazareth (Luke 4:18–19 citing Isa. 61:1–2). In fact, he stopped in the middle of a sentence. Had he gone any farther, he could not have made his central point from the text, “Today this Scripture is fulfilled in your hearing” (vs. 21). The very next phrase, “And the day of vengeance of our God,” refers to his second coming.

Sometimes the New Testament paraphrases or summarizes the Old Testament text (e.g., Matt. 2:6). Others blend two texts into one (Matt. 27:9–10). Occasionally a general truth is mentioned, without citing a specific text. For example, Matthew said Jesus moved to Nazareth “that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, ‘he shall be called a Nazarene’” (Matt. 2:23). Notice, Matthew quotes no given prophet, but rather “prophets” in general. Several texts speak of the Messiah’s lowliness. To be from Nazareth, a Nazarene, was a byword for low status in the Israel of Jesus’ day.

There are instances where the New Testament applies a text in a different way than the Old Testament did. For example, Hosea applies “Out of Egypt have I called My Son” to the Messianic nation, and Matthew applies it to the product of that nation, the Messiah (Matt. 2:15 from Hosea 11:1). In no case does the New Testament misinterpret or misapply the Old Testament, nor draw some invalid implication from it. The New Testament makes no mistakes in citing the Old Testament, as critics do in citing the New Testament.

Mistake #10: Assuming Divergent Accounts Are False. Because two or more accounts of the same event differ, does not mean they are mutually exclusive. Matthew 28:5 says there was one angel at the tomb after the resurrection, whereas John informs us there were two (20:12). But these are not contradictory reports. An infallible mathematical rule easily explains this problem: Where there are two, there is always one. Matthew did not say there was only one angel. There may also have been one angel at the tomb at one point on this confusing morning and two at another. One has to add the word “only” to Matthew’s account to make it contradict John’s. But if the critic comes to the texts to show they err, then the error is not in the Bible, but in the critic.

Likewise, Matthew (27:5) informs us that Judas hanged himself. But Luke says that “he burst open in the middle and all his entrails gushed out” (Acts 1:18). Once more, these accounts are not mutually exclusive. If Judas hanged himself from a tree over the edge of a cliff or gully in this rocky area, and his body fell on sharp rocks below, then his entrails would gush out just as Luke vividly describes.

Mistake #11: Presuming That the Bible Approves of All It Records. It is a mistake to assume that everything contained in the Bible is commended by the Bible. The whole Bible is true (John 17:17), but it records some lies, for example, Satan’s (Gen. 3:4; cf. John 8:44) and Rahab’s (Josh. 2:4). Inspiration encompasses the Bible fully in the sense that it records accurately and truthfully even the lies and errors of sinful beings. The truth of Scripture is found in what the Bible reveals, not in everything it records. Unless this distinction is held, it may be incorrectly concluded that the Bible teaches immorality because it narrates David’s sin (2 Sam. 11:4), that it promotes polygamy because it records Solomon’s (1 Kings 11:3), or that it affirms atheism because it quotes the fool as saying “there is no God” (Ps. 14:1).

Mistake #12: Forgetting That the Bible Uses Nontechnical. Everyday Language. To be true, something does not have to use scholarly, technical, or so-called “scientific” language. The Bible is written for the common person of every generation, and it therefore uses common, everyday language. The use of observational, nonscientific language is not unscientific, it is merely prescientific. The Scriptures were written in ancient times by ancient standards, and it would be anachronistic to superimpose modern scientific standards upon them. However, it is no more unscientific to speak of the sun “standing still” (Josh. 10:12) than to refer to the sun “rising” (Josh. 1:16). Meteorologists still refer to the times of “sunrise” and “sunset.”

Mistake #13: Assuming Round Numbers Are False. Like ordinary speech, the Bible uses round numbers (see Josh. 3:4; cf. 4:13). It refers to the diameter as being about one-third of the circumference of something (1 Chron. 19:18; 21:5). While this technically is only an approximation; it may be imprecise from the standpoint of a technological society to speak of 3.14159265 as “3,” but it is not incorrect. It is sufficient for a “cast metal sea” (2 Chron. 4:2) in an ancient Hebrew temple, even though it would not suffice for a computer in a modern rocket. One should not expect to see actors referring to a wrist watch in a Shakespearean play, nor people in a prescientific age to use precise numbers.

Mistake #14: Neglecting to Note Literary Devices. Human language is not limited to one mode of expression. So there is no reason to suppose that only one literary genre was used in a divinely inspired Book. The Bible reveals a number of literary devices: Whole books are written as poetry (e.g., Job, Psalms, Proverbs). The Synoptic Gospels feature parables. In Galatians 4, Paul utilizes an allegory. The New Testament abounds with metaphors (2 Cor. 3:2–3; James 3:6), similes (Matt. 20:1; James 1:6), hyperbole (John 21:25; 2 Cor. 3:2; Col. 1:23), and even poetic figures (Job 41:1). Jesus employed satire (Matt. 19:24; 23:24). Figures of speech are common throughout the Bible.

It is not a mistake for a biblical writer to use a figure of speech, but it is a mistake for a reader to take a figure of speech literally. Obviously when the Bible speaks of the believer resting under the shadow of God’s “wings” (Ps. 36:7) it does not mean that God is a feathered bird. When the Bible says God “awakes” (Ps. 44:23), as though He were sleeping, it means God is roused to action.

Mistake #15: Forgetting That Only the Original Text Is Inerrant – Not every extant copy. Genuine mistakes have been found—in copies of Bible text made hundreds of years after the autographs. God only uttered the original text of Scripture, not the copies. Therefore, only the original text is without error. Inspiration does not guarantee that every copy is without error, especially in copies made from copies made from copies made from copies. Therefore, we are to expect that minor errors are to be found in manuscript copies.

For example, 2 Kings 8:26 gives the age of King Ahaziah as twenty-two, whereas 2 Chronicles 22:2 says forty-two. The later number cannot be correct, or he would have been older than his father. This is obviously a copyist error, but it does not alter the inerrancy of the original.

First, these are errors in the copies, not the originals. Second, they are minor errors (often in names or numbers) which do not affect any teaching. Third, these copyist errors are relatively few in number. Fourth, usually by the context, or by another Scripture, we know which is in error. For example, Ahaziah must have been twenty-two. Finally, though there is a copyist error, the entire message comes through. For example, if you received a letter with the following statement, would you assume you could collect some money?

“#OU HAVE WON $10 MILLION.”

Even though there is a mistake in the first word, the entire message comes through—you are ten million dollars richer! And if you received another letter the next day that read like this, you would be even more sure:

“Y#U HAVE WON $10 MILLION.”

The more mistakes of this kind there are (each in a different place), the more sure you are of the original message. This is why scribal mistakes in the biblical manuscripts do not affect the basic message of the Bible—and why studies of the ancient manuscripts are so important. A Christian can read a modern translation with confidence that it conveys the complete truth of the original Word of God.

Mistake #16: Confusing General with Universal Statements. Critics often jump to the conclusion that unqualified statements admit no exceptions. They seize upon verses that offer general truths and then point with glee to obvious exceptions. Such statements are only intended to be generalizations.

The Book of Proverbs has many of these. Proverbial sayings, by their very nature, offer general guidance, not universal assurance. They are rules for life, but rules that admit of exceptions. Proverbs 16:7 affirms that “when a man’s ways please the Lord, he makes even his enemies to be at peace with him.” This obviously was not intended to be a universal truth. Paul was pleasing to the Lord and his enemies stoned him (Acts 14:19). Jesus was pleasing the Lord, and His enemies crucified Him. Nonetheless, it is a general truth that one who acts in a way pleasing to God can minimize his enemies’ antagonism.

Proverbs 22:6 says, “Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it.” However, other Scripture passages and experience show that this is not always true. Indeed, some godly persons in the Bible (including Job, Eli, and David) had wayward children. This proverb does not contradict experience because it is a general principle that applies in a general way, but allows for individual exceptions. Proverbs are not designed to be absolute guarantees. Rather, they express truths that provide helpful advice and guidance by which the individual should conduct his daily life.

Proverbs are wisdom (general guides), not law (universally binding imperatives). When the Bible declares “You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy” (Lev. 11:45), then there are no exceptions. Holiness, goodness, love, truth, and justice are rooted in the very nature of an unchanging God. But wisdom literature applies God’s universal truths to life’s changing circumstances. The results will not always be the same. Nonetheless, they are helpful guides.

Mistake #17: Forgetting That Later Revelation Supersedes Earlier. Sometimes critics do not recognize progressive revelation. God does not reveal everything at once, nor does he lay down the same conditions for every period of history. Some of His later revelations will supersede His earlier statements. Bible critics sometimes confuse a change in revelation with a mistake. That a parent allows a very small child to eat with his fingers but demands that an older child use a fork and spoon, is not a contradiction. This is progressive revelation, with each command suited to the circumstance.

There was a time when God tested the human race by forbidding them to eat of a specific tree in the Garden of Eden (Gen. 2:16–17). This command is no longer in effect, but the later revelation does not contradict this former revelation. Also, there was a period (under the Mosaic law) when God commanded that animals be sacrificed for people’s sin. However, since Christ offered the perfect sacrifice for sin (Heb. 10:11–14), this Old Testament command is no longer in effect. There is no contradiction between the later and the former commands.

Likewise, when God created the human race, He commanded that they eat only fruit and vegetables (Gen. 1:29). But later, when conditions changed after the flood, God commanded that they also eat meat (Gen. 9:3). This change from herbivorous to omnivorous status is progressive revelation, but it is not a contradiction. In fact, all these subsequent revelations were simply different commands for different people at different times in God’s overall plan of redemption.

Of course, God cannot change commands that have to do with his unchangeable nature (cf. Mal. 3:6; Heb. 6:18). For example, since God is love (1 John 4:16), he cannot command that we hate him. Nor can he command what is logically impossible, for example, to both offer and not offer a sacrifice for sin at the same time and in the same sense. But these moral and logical limits notwithstanding, God can and has given noncontradictory, progressive revelations which, if taken out of its proper context and juxtaposed, can look contradictory. This is as much a mistake as to assume a parent is self-contradictory for allowing a sixteen-year-old to stay up later at night than a six-year-old.

After forty years of continual and careful study of the Bible, I can only conclude that those who have “discovered a mistake” in the Bible do not know too much about the Bible—they know too little about it. This does not mean, of course, that we understand how to resolve all the difficulties in the Scriptures. But we have seen enough problems resolved to know these also admit answers. Meanwhile, Mark Twain had a point when he concluded that it was not the parts of the Bible he did not understand that bothered him—but the parts he did understand!

*Norman L. Giesler, The Big Book of Bible Difficulties

APOLOGETICS & EVANGELISM RESOURCES

Compiled by David P. Craig, August 2023

*Recommended; **Very Highly Recommended

Agnostics and Atheists

  • *Andy Bannister. The Atheist Who Didn’t Exist: Or the Dreadful Consequences of Bad Arguments.
  • *David Berlinski. The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and its Scientific Pretensions.
  • **Guillaume Bignon. Confessions of a French Atheist: How God Hijacked My Quest to Disprove the Christian Faith.
  • *Justin Brierley. Unbelievable?: Why After Ten Years of Talking with Atheists, I’m still a Christian.
  • *Paul Copan and William Lane Craig, eds. Contending with Christianity’s Critics: Answering New Atheists and Other Objectors.
  • *Anthony DeStefano. Inside the Atheist Mind: Unmasking the Religion of Those Who Say There Is No God.
  • Jim Jacob Esq. A Lawyer’s Case for God: Does God exist? Is the Bible true? Examine the evidence. Render your verdict.
  • *Michael Guillen. Can a Smart Person Believe in God?
  • *Eric Hedin. Canceled Science: What Some Atheists Don’t Want You to See.
  • *Antony Flew with Roy Abraham Varghese. There Is a God: How the World’s Most Notorious Atheist Changed His Mind.
  • *Norman L. Geisler and Daniel J. McCoy. The Atheist’s Fatal Flaw: Exposing Conflicting Beliefs.
  • *Michael Guillen. Believing Is Seeing: A Physicist Explains How Science Shattered His Atheism and Revealed the Necessity of Faith.
  • Jeffrey D. Johnson. The Absurdity of Unbelief: A Worldview Apologetic of the Christian Faith.
  • *Phillip E. Johnson. Against All Gods: What’s Right and Wrong About the New Atheism.
  • *W. Mark Lanier. Atheism on Trial: A Lawyer Examines the Case for Unbelief.
  • *John C. Lennox. Gunning for God: Why the New Atheists are Missing the Target.
  • *Louis Markos. Atheism on Trial: Refuting the Modern Arguments Against God.
  • *Alister McGrath. The Twilight of Atheism: The Rise and Fall of Disbelief in the Modern World.
  • *Eric Metaxas. Is Atheism Dead?
  • *R. Albert Mohler Jr. Atheism Remix: A Christian Confronts the New Atheists.
  • *Timothy Morgan. Thank God for Atheists: How The Greatest Skeptics Led Me To Faith.
  • **Nancy Pearcey. Finding Truth: 5 Principles for Unmasking Atheism, Secularism, and Other God Substitutes.
  • *Ron Rhodes. Answering the Objections of Atheists, Agnostics, and Skeptics.
  • *David Robertson. Engaging with Atheists: Understanding Their World; Sharing Good News.
  • *Mary Jo Sharp. Why I Still Believe: A Former Atheist’s Reckoning with the Bad Reputation Christians Give a Good God.
  • **R.C. Sproul. If There’s a God Why Are There Atheists?: Why Atheists Believe in Unbelief.
  • *Mitch Stokes. A Shot of Faith (to the Head): Be a Confident Believer in an Age of Cranky Atheists.
  • *Mitch Stokes. How to Be an Atheist: Why Many Skeptics Aren’t Skeptical Enough.
  • *Frank Turek. Stealing from God: Why Atheists Need God to Make Their Case.
  • *Peter S. Williams. C.S. Lewis vs the New Atheists.
  • *Richard Wurmbrand. The Answer to the Atheist’s Handbook.

Answering Objections 

  • **Gleason Leonard Archer. New International Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties.
  • *Craig Blomberg. Can We Still Believe in God?: Answering Ten Contemporary Challenges to Christianity.
  • Charlie H. Campbell. One Minute Answers to Skeptics: Concise Responses to the Top 50 Questions & Objections.
  • **Ray Comfort. Faith Is for Weak People: Responding to the Top 20 Objections to the Gospel.
  • *Paul Copan. How Do You Know You’re Not Wrong? Responding To Objections That Leave Christians Speechless.
  • *Paul Copan. True for You, But Not for Me: Overcoming Objections to Christian Faith.
  • William Lane Craig. Hard Questions Real Answers.
  • **Norman L. Geisler and Thomas Howe. The Big Book of Bible Difficulties: Clear and Concise Answers from Genesis to Revelation.
  • **Norman L. Geisler and Ronald M. Brooks. When Skeptics Ask: A Handbook on Christian Evidences.
  • *Norman L. Geisler and Jason Jimenez. The Bible’s Answers to 100 of Life’s Biggest Questions.
  • *Chip Ingram. Why I Believe: Straight Answers to Honest Questions about God, the Bible, and Christianity.
  • *Jeremiah J. Johnston. Unanswered: Lasting Truth for Trending Questions.
  • **Timothy Keller. The Reason For God.
  • **Gregory Koukl. Street Smarts: Using Questions to Answer Christianity’s Toughest Challenges.
  • **Josh D. McDowell and Don Stewart. Answers to Tough Questions Skeptics Ask About the Christian Faith.
  • *Rebecca McLaughlin. Confronting Christianity: 12 Hard Questions for the World’s Largest Religion.
  • Mark Mittelberg. The Questions Christians Hope No One Will Ask: (With Answers).
  • Jeffrey Burton Russell. Exposing Myths About Christianity: A Guide to Answering 145 Viral Lies and Legends.
  • *Kenneth Samples. Christianity Cross-Examined: Is It Rational, Relevant, and Good?
  • *Kenneth Samples. Without a Doubt: Answering the 20 Toughest Faith Questions.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Now, That’s A Good Question.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Reason to Believe: A Response to Common Objections to Christianity.
  • *Lee Strobel. The Case for Faith: A Journalist Investigates the Toughest Objections to Christianity.
  • *James Emery White. Christianity for People Who Aren’t Christians: Uncommon Answers to Common Questions .

Apologetics With Children and Teenagers

  • **Natasha Crain. Keeping Your Kids on God’s Side: 40 Conversations to Help Them Build a Lasting Faith.
  • **Natasha Crain. Talking with Your Kids about God: 30 Conversations Every Christian Parent Must Have. 
  • **Natasha Crain. Talking with Your Kids about Jesus: 30 Conversations Every Christian Parent Must Have.
  • **Norman Geisler and Joseph Holden. Living Loud: An Introduction to Apologetics for Students (Updated Edition).
  • **Sean McDowell. A Rebel’s Manifesto: Choosing Truth, Real Justice, and Love amid the Noise of Today’s World.
  • **Sean McDowell. Apologetics for a New Generation: A Biblical and Culturally Relevant Approach to Talking About God.
  • **Sean McDowell and J. Warner Wallace. So the Next Generation Will Know: Preparing Young Christians for a Challenging World.
  • Rebecca McLaughlin. 10 Questions Every Teen Should Ask (and Answer) about Christianity.
  • **Hillary Morgan Ferrer. Mama Bear Apologetics: Empowering Your Kids to Challenge Cultural Lies.
  • **Hillary Morgan Ferrer. Mama Bear Apologetics Guide to Sexuality: Empowering Your Kids to Understand and Live Out God’s Design.
  • **John Stonestreet and Brett Kunkle. A Practical Guide to Culture: Helping the Next Generation Navigate Today’s World.
  • **John Stonestreet and Brett Kunkle. A Student’s Guide to Culture.
  • **Thaddeus J. Williams. Don’t Follow Your Heart: Boldly Breaking the Ten Commandments of Self-Worship.

Archaeology

  • Clive Anderson and Brian Edwards. Evidence for the Bible.
  • **Lisetter Bassett-Brody. Etched in Stone: Archeological Discoveries that Prove the Bible.
  • *Charlie Campbell. Archaeological Evidence for the Bible: Discoveries that Verify People, Places, and Events in the World’s Most Influential Book.
  • *John D. Currid. The Case for Biblical Archaeology: Uncovering the Historical Record of God’s Old Testament People.
  • **J. Daniel Hays. A Christian’s Guide to Evidence for the Bible: 101 Proofs from History and Archaeology.
  • **Joseph M. Holden and Norman Geisler. The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible: Discoveries That Confirm the Reliability of Scripture.
  • **Walter C. Kaiser Jr., ed. Archaeological Study Bible: An Illustrated Walk Through Biblical History and Culture (NIV or KJV).
  • *Titus M. Kennedy. Excavating the Evidence for Jesus: The Archaeology and History of Christ and the Gospels.
  • *Titus M. Kennedy. Unearthing the Bible: 101 Archaeological Discoveries That Bring the Bible to Life.
  • **Joel P. Kramer. Where God Came Down: The Archaeological Evidence.

Bibliology: Defending The Bible As God’s Inerrant & Infallible Word

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On The Bible.
  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Reliability of the Bible.
  • *Craig Blomberg. The Historical Reliability of the New Testament: Countering the Challenges to Evangelical Christian Beliefs.
  • **F.F. Bruce. The Canon of Scripture.
  • **F.F. Bruce.The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable?
  • *Barry Cooper. Can I really trust the Bible?: and other questions about Scripture, truth and how God speaks.
  • **Norman L. Geisler and William E. NIx. From God To Us: How We Got Our Bible (Revised and Expanded).
  • *Timothy Paul Jones. Why Should I Trust the Bible?
  • *Walter C. Kaiser Jr. The Old Testament Documents: Are They Reliable & Relevant?
  • *Michael J. Kruger. Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books.
  • *Michael J. Kruger. The Question of Canon: Challenging the Status Quo in the New Testament Debate.
  • **L. Scott Kellum and Charles L. Quarles. 40 Questions About the Text and Canon of the New Testament.
  • *Neil R. Lightfoot. How We Got Our Bible (3rd Edition).
  • **Erwin W. Lutzer. 7 Reasons Why You Can Trust The Bible.
  • **John MacArthur. Why Believe the Bible?
  • **William D. Mounce. Why I Trust the Bible: Answers to Real Questions and Doubts People Have about the Bible.

Buddhism

  • Tenzin Lahkpa with Eugene Bach. Leaving Buddha: A Tibetan Monk’s Encounter with the Living God.
  • *J. Isamu Yamamoto. Buddhism: Buddhism, Taoism and Other Far Eastern Religions (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).

Catholicism

  • **Gregg Allison. 40 Questions About Roman Catholicism.
  • **Gregg Allison and Christopher A. Castaldo. The Unfinished Reformation: What Unites and Divides Catholics and Protestants After 500 Years.
  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On Roman Catholicism.
  • Richard Bennet and Martin Buckingham, compilers. Far From Rome Near To God: Fifty Priests who found their way, by the grace of God, out of the labyrinth of Roman Catholic theology and practice into the light of the gospel of Christ.
  • *Chris Castaldo. Holy Ground: Walking with Jesus as a Former Catholic.
  • *Chris Castaldo. Talking With Catholics About The Gospel: A Guide for Evangelicals.
  • **James G. McCarthy. The Gospel According to Rome: Comparing Catholic Tradition and the Word of God.
  • *Ron Rhodes. Reasoning from the Scriptures with Catholics.
  • *Ron Rhodes. The 10 Most Important Things You Can Say to a Catholic.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Are We Together?: A Protestant Analyzes Roman Catholicism.
  • *James R. White. Answers to Catholic Claims: A Discussion of Biblical Authority.
  • *James R. White. Mary—Another Redeemer?
  • *James R. White. The Fatal Flaw: Do the teachings of Roman Catholicism Deny the Gospel?
  • *James R. White. The Roman Catholic Controversy.

Christology: Defending Jesus’ Humanity, Divinity, and Historicity

  • *Darrell L. Bock. Jesus According to Scripture: Restoring the Portrait from the Gospels.
  • Darrell L. Bock. Jesus the God-Man: The Unity and Diversity of the Gospel Portrayals.
  • **Ray Comfort. Why Would Anyone Follow Jesus?: 12 Reasons to Trust What the Bible Says about Jesus.
  • John Dickson. Is Jesus History?
  • Paul Rhodes Eddy and Gregory A. Boyd. The Jesus Legend: A Case for the Historical Reliability of the Synoptic Jesus Tradition.
  • **Gary Habermas. The Historical Jesus: Ancient Evidence For The Life of Christ.
  • **Peter Jones. Stolen Identity: The Conspiracy to Reinvent Jesus.
  • *Craig S. Keener. The Historical Jesus of the Gospels.
  • **D. James Kennedy. What if Jesus Had Never Been Born?
  • **J. Ed Komoszewski, M. James Sawyer, and Daniel B. Wallace. Reinventing Jesus: How Contemporary Skeptics Miss the Real Jesus and Mislead Popular Culture.
  • *Josh D. McDowell and Sean McDowell. Evidence for Jesus: Timeless Answers for Tough Questions about Christ.
  • **Josh D. McDowell. More Than A Carpenter.
  • Ron Rhodes. Christ Before the Manger: The Life and Times of the Preincarnate Christ.
  • Graham Stanton. The Gospels and Jesus.
  • *Lee Strobel. Finding the Real Jesus: A Guide for Curious Christians and Skeptical Seekers.
  • *Lee Strobel. The Case for Christ, Revised & Updated: A Journalist’s Personal Investigation of the Evidence for Jesus.
  • **J. Warner Wallace. Person of Interest: Why Jesus Still Matters in a World that Rejects the Bible.
  • **Michael J. Wilkins and J.P. Moreland, eds. Jesus Under Fire: Modern Scholarship Reinvents the Historical Jesus.
  • *Peter S. Williams. Getting at Jesus: A Comprehensive Critique of Neo-Atheist Nonsense about the Jesus of History.

Classical Apologetics

  • *William Lane Craig. On Guard: Defending Your Faith with Reason and Precision.
  • *William Lane Craig. Reasonable Faith, Third Edition: Christian Truth and Apologetics.
  • **Norman L. Geisler. Christian Apologetics (2nd Edition).
  • **Norman L. Geisler and Frank Turek. I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist.
  • **Norman L. Geisler. Twelve Points That Show Christianity Is True: A Handbook On Defending The Christian Faith.
  • **Douglas Groothuis. Christian Apologetics: A Comprehensive Case For Biblical Faith (Second Edition).
  • **Douglas Groothuis. The Knowledge of God in the World and the Word: An Introduction to Classical Apologetics.
  • **Paul E. Little. Know Why You Believe.
  • **J.P. Moreland. Scaling the Secular City: A Defense of Christianity.
  • *R.C. Sproul, John Gerstner, and Arthur Lindsley. Classical Apologetics: A Rational Defense of the Christian Faith and a Critique of Presuppositional Apologetics.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Defending Your Faith: An Introduction.
  • *Dan Story. Defending Your Faith, Revised and Expanded: Reliable Answers for a New Generation of Seekers and Skeptics.

Cults

  • *E. Calvin Beisner. Jesus Only Churches (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Todd Ehrenborg. Mind Sciences: Christian Science, Religious Science, Unity School of Christianity (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Alan W. Gomes. Truth and Error: Comparative Charts of Cults and Christianity (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Alan W. Gomes. Unitarian Universalism (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Alan W. Gomes. Unmasking the Cults (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Walter Martin. The Kingdom of the Cults Handbook: Quick Reference Guide to Alternative Belief Systems.
  • **Walter Martin. The Kingdom of the Cults: The Definitive Work on the Subject.
  • *Ron Rhodes. Find It Quick Handbook on Cults and New Religions.
  • *Ron Rhodes. The Challenge of the Cults and New Religions: The Essential Guide to Their History, Their Doctrine, and Our Response.

Cultural Engagement

  • **Randy Alcorn. Pro-Life Answers to Pro-Choice Arguments.
  • *Darrell L. Bock. Cultural Intelligence: Living for God in a Diverse, Pluralistic World.
  • **Rosaria Butterfield. Five Lies of Our Anti-Christian Age.
  • **Alisa Childers. Live Your Truth and Other Lies: Exposing Popular Deceptions That Make Us Anxious, Exhausted, and Self-Obsessed.
  • *Charles Colson and Nancy Pearcey. How Now Shall We Live?
  • *Natasha Crain. Faithfully Different: Regaining Biblical Clarity in a Secular Culture.
  • *Joe Dallas. Christians in a Cancel Culture: Speaking with Truth and Grace in a Hostile World.
  • **Kevin DeYoung. Do Not Be True to Yourself: Countercultural Advice for the Rest of Your Life.
  • William Edgar. Created and Creating: A Biblical Theology of Culture.
  • *Douglas Groothius. Fire in the Streets: How You Can Confidently Respond to Incendiary Cultural Topics.
  • *Phillip E. Johnson. Reason in the Balance: The Case Against Naturalism in Science, Law Education.
  • **Peter Jones. Capturing the Pagan Mind: Paul’s Blueprint for Thinking and Living in the New Global Culture.
  • **Peter Jones. On Global Wizardry: Techniques of Pagan Spirituality and a Christian Response.
  • **Peter Jones. Spirit Wars: Pagan Revival in Christian America.
  • **Peter Jones. The God of Sex: How Spirituality Defines Your Sexuality.
  • **Peter Jones. The Pagan Heart of Today’s Culture (Christian Answers to Hard Questions).
  • **Peter Jones. Whose Rainbow: God’s Gift of Sexuality: A Divine Calling.
  • **Gregory Koukl. Tactics, 10th Anniversary Edition: A Game Plan for Discussing Your Christian Convictions.
  • Michael J. Kruger. The Ten Commandments of Progressive Christianity.
  • *John MacArthur. Stand Firm: Living in a Post-Christian Culture.
  • **Rebecca McLaughlin. The Secular Creed: Engaging Five Contemporary Claims.
  • *Jeff Myers. Understanding the Culture: A Survey of Social Engagement.
  • *Nancy Pearcey. Love Thy Body: Answering Hard Questions about Life and Sexuality.
  • *Nancy Pearcey. Saving Leonardo: A Call To Resist The Secular Assault On Mind, Morals & Meaning.
  • *Nancy Pearcey. The Toxic War on Masculinity: How Christianity Reconciles the Sexes.
  • **Nancy Pearcey. Total Truth: Liberating Christianity from Its Cultural Captivity.
  • **James K.A. Smith. How (Not) to Be Secular: Reading Charles Taylor.
  • *Steven D. Smith. Pagans and Christians in the City: Culture Wars from the Tiber to the Potomac.
  • **Owen Strachan. Christianity and Wokeness: How the Social Justice Movement Is Hijacking the Gospel – and the Way to Stop It.
  • **Owen Strachan. The Grand Design: Male and Female He Made Them.
  • **Owen Strachan. The War on Men: Why Society Hates Them and Why We Need Them.
  • *Charles Taylor. A Secular Age.
  • **Carl Trueman. Strange New World: How Thinkers and Activists Redefined Identity and Sparked the Sexual Revolution. 
  • **Carl Trueman. The Rise and Triumph of the Modern Self: Cultural Amnesia, Expressive Individualism, and the Road to Sexual Revolution.
  • *Christopher Watkin. Biblical Critical Theory: How the Bible’s Unfolding Story Makes Sense of Modern Life and Culture.
  • *Christopher West. Our Bodies Tell God’s Story: Discovering the Divine Plan for Love, Sex, and Gender.
  • *Thaddeus J. Williams. Confronting Injustice without Compromising Truth: 12 Questions Christians Should Ask About Social Justice

Discernment and False Teaching

  • **Mike S. Adams. Letters To a Young Progressive: How to Avoid Wasting Your Life Protesting Things You Don’t Understand.
  • *Robert M. Bowman. Orthodoxy & Heresy: A Biblical Guide to Doctrinal Discernment.
  • **Harold O.J. Brown. Heresies: Heresy and Orthodoxy in the History of the Church.
  • **Harold O.J. Brown. Heresies: The Image of Christ in the Mirror of Heresy and Orthodoxy from the Apostles to the Present.
  • **Ron Carlson and Ed Decker. Fast Facts on False Teachings.
  • *Tim Challies. The Discipline of Spiritual Discernment.
  • **Alisa Childers. Another Gospel?: A Lifelong Christian Seeks Truth in Response to Progressive Christianity.
  • *R. Douglas Geivett and Holly Pivec. A New Apostolic Reformation?: A Biblical Response to a Worldwide Movement.
  • *R. Douglas Geivett and Holly Pivec. God’s Super-Apostles: Encountering the Worldwide Prophets and Apostles Movement.
  • *Justin S. Holcomb. Know The Heretics.
  • **Peter R. Jones. Gospel Truth/Pagan Lies: Can You Tell the Difference?
  • **Ligonier Ministries. A Field Guide on False Teaching.
  • **Erwin Lutzer. 10 Lies About God: And the Truths That Shatter Deception.
  • **Erwin Lutzer. Who Are You to Judge?: Learning to Distinguish Between Truths, Half-Truths, and Lies.
  • **Alister E. McGrath. Heresy: A History of Defending the Truth.
  • **Allen Parr. Misled: 7 Lies That Distort the Gospel (and How You Can Discern the Truth).
  • *Holly Pivec and R. Douglas Geivett. Counterfeit Kingdom: The Dangers of New Revelation, New Prophets, and New Age Practices in the Church.
  • *Shane Pruitt. 9 Common Lies Christians Believe: And Why God’s Truth Is Infinitely Better.
  • **Ken Wilson. Heresy of the Grace Evangelical Society: Become a Christian without Faith in Jesus as God and Savior.

Doubt

  • Lina Abujamra. Fractured Faith: Finding Your Way Back to God in an Age of Deconstruction.
  • *Joshua D. Chawtraw and Jack Carson. Surprised by Doubt: How Disillusionment Can Invite Us into a Deeper Faith.
  • Domininc Done. When Faith Fails: Finding God in the Shadow of Doubt.
  • *Os Guinness. God in the Dark: The Assurance of Faith Beyond a Shadow of Doubt.
  • *Gary Habermas. Dealing With Doubt.
  • Sean McDowell and John Marriott. Set Adrift: Deconstructing What You Believe Without Sinking Your Faith.

Evangelism: How To Share The Gospel

  • Andy Bannister. How to Talk about Jesus without Looking like an Idiot: A Panic-Free Guide to Having Natural Conversations about Your Faith.
  • **Ray Comfort. School Of Biblical Evangelism: 101 Lessons: How To Share Your Faith Simply, Effectively, Biblically… The Way Jesus Did.
  • **Michael Green. Evangelism in the Early Church.
  • **Michael Green. Evangelism: Learning from the Past.
  • **Michael Green. Evangelism Through The Local Church: A Comprehensive Guide to All Aspects of Evangelism.
  • **John MacArthur. Evangelism: How to Share the Gospel Faithfully.
  • Alister E. McGrath. Narrative Apologetics: Sharing the Relevance, Joy, and Wonder of the Christian Faith.
  • *Randy Newman. Bringing the Gospel Home: Witnessing to Family Members, Close Friends, and Others Who Know You Well.
  • *Randy Newman. Mere Evangelism: 10 Insights From C.S. Lewis to Help You Share Your Faith.
  • *Randy Newman. Questioning Evangelism, Third Edition.
  • **J.I. Packer. Evangelism and the Sovereignty of God.
  • Rebecca Manley Pippert. Out of the Saltshaker and Into the World: Evangelism as a Way of Life (The IVP Signature Collection).
  • Rebecca Manley Pippert. Stay Salt: The World Has Changed: Our Message Must Not.
  • Rico Tice. Honest Evangelism: How: How to talk about Jesus even when it’s tough (Outreach training, how to present the gospel).
  • **Will Metzger. Tell the Truth: The Whole Gospel Wholly by Grace Communicated Truthfully Lovingly.
  • **J.P. Moreland and Tim Muehlhoff. The God Conversation: Using Stories and Illustrations to Explain Your Faith.
  • **J.P. Moreland. The God Question: An Invitation to a Life of Meaning.

Evidential Apologetics

  • *Jason A. Crook. The Rational Faith: A Review of the Evidence for Christianity.
  • **W. Mark Lanier. Christianity on Trial: A Lawyer Examines the Christian Faith.
  • **Josh McDowell. Evidence That Demands a Verdict: Life-Changing Truth for a Skeptical World.
  • *John Warwick Montgomery. Always Be Ready: A Primer on Defending the Christian Faith.
  • *John Warwick Montgomery. Christianity for the Tough Minded: Essays Written by a Group of Young Scholars Who are Totally Convinced That A Spiritual Commitment Is Intellectually Defensible.
  • *John Warwick Montgomery. Defending the Faith in a Messy World: A Christian Apologetics Primer.
  • *John Warwick Montgomery. Faith Founded on Fact: Essays in Evidential Apologetics.
  • *John Warwick Montgomery. How Do We Know There is a God?: And Other Questions Inappropriate in Polite Society.

Evil, Pain, and Suffering

  • **Randy Alcorn. If God Is Good: Faith in the Midst of Suffering and Evil.
  • **D.A. Carson. How Long, O Lord? Reflections On Suffering And Evil.
  • **Scott Christensen. What about Evil?: A Defense of God’s Sovereign Glory.
  • **Elisabeth Elliot. Suffering Is Never For Nothing.
  • **John S. Feinberg. The Many Faces of Evil: Theological Systems and the Problems of Evil.
  • **John S. Feinberg. When There Are No Easy Answers: Thinking Differently about God, Suffering, and Evil.
  • *Norman L. Geisler. If God, Why Evil?: A New Way to Think About the Question.
  • **Timothy Keller. Walking With God Through Pain and Suffering.
  • **C.S. Lewis. The Problem of Pain.
  • Chad Meister and James K. Dew Jr. God and the Problem of Evil: Five Views.
  • **Edith Schaeffer. Affliction: A Compassionate Look at Pain and Suffering.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Surprised By Suffering: The Role of Pain and Death in the Christian Life.
  • *R.C. Sproul. Why Is There Evil?
  • **Paul David Tripp. Suffering: Gospel Hope When Life Doesn’t Make Sense.
  • *Greg Welty. Why Is There Evil In The World (and so much of it).

Evolution

  • *Michael J. Behe. A Mousetrap for Darwin: Michael J. Behe Answers His Critics.
  • **Michael J. Behe. Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution.
  • *Michael J. Behe. Darwin Devolves: The New Science About DNA That Challenges Evolution.
  • *Michael J. Behe. The Edge of Evolution: The Search for the Limits of Darwinism.
  • *Ray Comfort. Nothing Created Everything: The Scientific Impossibility of Atheistic Evolution.
  • **Michael Denton. Evolution: A Theory In Crisis.
  • **Michael Denton. Evolution: Still A Theory In Crisis.
  • *Roger G. Gallop. Evolution: The Greatest Deception in Modern History.
  • *Werner Gitt. Did God Use Evolution?
  • *Duane Gish. Letter To A Theistic Evolutionist.
  • **Nathaniel T. Jeanson. Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species.
  • *Phillip E. Johnson. Darwin on Trial.
  • *Phillip E. Johnson. Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds.
  • *Phillip E. Johnson. The Wedge of Truth: Splitting the Foundations of Naturalism.
  • *Kethley, Kenneth D., and Mark F. Rooker. 40 Questions About Creation and Evolution.
  • Kinson, John M. God & Evolution: How An Atheist Scientist Changed His Mind.
  • *Jason Lisle. Discerning Truth: Exposing Errors in Evolutionary Arguments.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. Paul A Nelson, et al. Explore Evolution: The Arguments For and Against Neo-Darwinism.
  • **J.P. Moreland, Stephen C. Meyer, Christopher Shaw, and Ann K. Gauger, eds. Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Critique.
  • Moore, David T. Five Lies Of The Century (Evolution is an established scientific fact).
  • **Norman C. Nevin. Should Christians Embrace Evolution?: Biblical and Scientific Responses.
  • Morrison John.Evolution’s Final Days: The Mounting Evidence Disproving Evolution.
  • *Rhodes, Ron. The 10 Things You Should Know About the Creation vs. Evolution Debate.
  • Richards, Jay, editor. God And Evolution. 
  • Richards, Lawrence O. It Couldn’t Just Happen: Fascinating Facts About God’s World.
  • Ross, Hugh. What Darwin Didn’t Know.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. Refuting Evolution.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. The Greatest Hoax on Earth? Refuting Dawkins on Evolution.
  • *Geoffrey Simmons. Billions of Missing Links: A Rational Look at the Mysteries Evolution Can’t Explain.
  • *Geoffrey Simmons. What Darwin Didn’t Know: A Doctor Dissects the Theory of Evolution. 
  • Sivanesan, Nirushan. Objections to Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. Not by Chance! Shattering the Modern Theory of Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. The Evolution Revolution: Why Thinking People Are Rethinking the Theory of Evolution.
  • *James Stump, ed. Four Views on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology).
  • **Neil Thomas. Taking Leave of Darwin: A Longtime Agnostic Discovers the Case for Design.
  • **J. Warner Wallace. God’s Crime Scene: A Cold-Case Detective Examines the Evidence for a Divinely Created Universe.
  • Woodward, Thomas. Doubts About Darwin.

General Apologetics

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. Fast Facts On Defending Your Faith.
  • *Voddie Baucham Jr. Expository Apologetics: Answering Objections with the Power of the Word.
  • *James K. Beilby. Thinking About Christian Apologetics: What It Is and Why We Do It.
  • *Don Bierle. Surprised by Faith: A Skeptic Discovers More to Life than What We Can See, Touch, and Measure.
  • **Ted Cabal, ed. The Apologetics Study Bible (CSB): Understand Why You Believe.
  • Edward J. Carnell. An Introduction to Christian Apologetics: A Philosophic Defense of the Trinitarian-Theistic Faith.
  • *Joshua D. Chatraw and Mark D. Allen. Apologetics at the Cross: An Introduction for Christian Witness.
  • **Ray Comfort. NKJV Complete Evidence Study Bible.
  • *Paul Copan. When God Goes to Starbucks: A Guide to Everyday Apologetics.
  • **William Edgar and K. Scott Oliphint. Christian Apologetics Past and Present (Volume 1, To 1500): A Primary Source Reader.
  • **William Edgar and K. Scott Oliphint.Christian Apologetics Past and Present (Volume 2, From 1500): A Primary Source Reader.
  • **John S. Feinberg. Can You Believe It’s True? Christian Apologetics in a Modern and Postmodern Era.
  • *Mark M. Hanna. Biblical Christianity: Truth or Delusion?
  • *Ed Hindson and Ergun Caner. The Popular Encyclopedia of Apologetics: Surveying the Evidence for the Truth of Christianity.
  • **Joseph M. Holden, ed. The Comprehensive Guide to Apologetics.
  • *H. Wayne House and Dennis W. Jowers. Reasons for Our Hope.
  • *D. James Kennedy. Why I Believe.
  • *Norman L. Geisler and Patrick Zukeran. The Apologetics of Jesus: A Caring Approach to Dealing with Doubters.
  • **Norman L. Geisler. The Big Book of Christian Apologetics: An A to Z Guide (A to Z Guides).
  • *Paul Gould, Travis Dickinson, and Keith Loftin. Stand Firm: Apologetics and the Brilliance of the Gospel.
  • **Timothy Keller. Making Sense of God: An Invitation to the Skeptical.
  • **C.S. Lewis. Mere Christianity.
  • *Jeff Myers. Understanding the Faith: A Survey of Christian Apologetics.
  • *Bernard Lawrence Ramm. Protestant Christian Evidences: A Textbook Of The Evidences Of The Truthfulness Of The Christian Faith For Conservative Protestants.
  • *Ron Rhodes. A Popular Survey of Apologetics for Today: Fast Facts Every Christian Should Know.
  • *Ron Rhodes. 5-Minute Apologetics for Today.
  • **Francis Schaeffer. Escape From Reason.
  • **Francis Schaeffer. He Is There and He Is Not Silent: Does it Make Sense to Believe in God?
  • **Francis Schaeffer. The God Who Is There.
  • **Khaldoun A. Sweis and Chad V. Meister. Christian Apologetics: An Anthology of Primary Sources.

Gospel: Understanding the Gospel

  • **Bill Hull. Conversion and Discipleship: You Can’t Have One without the Other.
  • **Bill Hull and Brandon Cook. The False Promise of Discipleship: Rescuing Discipleship from the American Gospel by Asking the Right Questions.
  • **Timothy Keller. The Prodigal God.
  • **John MacArthur. The Gospel According to the Apostles: The Roll of Works in a Life of Faith.
  • **John MacArthur. The Gospel According to Jesus: What Is Authentic Faith?
  • **John MacArthur. The Gospel According to Paul: Embracing the Good News at the Heart of Paul’s Teachings.
  • **John MacArthur. Saved Without A Doubt: Be Sure of Your Salvation.
  • *John Piper. God is the Gospel.
  • **Richard Owen Roberts. Repentance: The First Word of the Gospel.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Chosen By God.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Faith Alone: The Evangelical Doctrine of Justification.
  • **R.C. Sproul. Getting the Gospel Right: The Tie That Binds Evangelicals Together.
  • *R.C. Sproul. Saved From What?
  • *R.C. Sproul. What Does It Mean To Be Born Again?
  • *R.C. Sproul. What Is Repentance?
  • **R.C. Sproul. Willing to Believe: The Controversy over Free Will.
  • **Charles F. Stanley. Eternal Security: Can You Be Sure?
  • *Paul Washer. Gospel Assurance and Warnings.
  • *Paul Washer. The Gospel Call and True Conversion.
  • *Paul Washer. The Gospel of Jesus Christ.
  • *Paul Washer. The Gospel’s Power and Message.
  • **Donald S. Whitney. How Can I Be Sure I’m a Christian?: What the Bible Says About Assurance of Salvation.

Gospels: Reliability & Historical Accuracy

  • *Paul W. Barnett. Making the Gospels: Mystery or Conspiracy?
  • **Richard Bauckam. Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony.
  • *David Alan Black. Why Four Gospels? The Historical Origins of the Gospels.
  • *Craig L. Blomberg. Jesus and the Gospels.
  • *Craig L. Blomberg. The Historical Reliability of the Gospels.
  • **Craig Evans. Fabricating Jesus: How Modern Scholars Distort the Gospels.
  • *Simon Greenleaf. The Testimony of the Evangelists: The Gospels Examined by the Rules of Evidence.
  • **Craig S. Keener. Christobiography: Memory, History, and the Reliability of the Gospels.
  • *Michael R. Licona. Why Are There Differences in the Gospels?: What We Can Learn from Ancient Biography.
  • *Stanley E. Porter and Bryan R. Dyer, eds. The Synoptic Problem: Four Views.
  • *Vern S. Poythress. Inerrancy and the Gospels: A God-Centered Approach to the Challenges of Harmonization.
  • *Mark D. Roberts. Can We Trust the Gospels?: Investigating the Reliability of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
  • *Robert L. Thomas. Three Views on the Origins of the Synoptic Gospels.
  • **J. Warner Wallace. Cold-Case Christianity: A Homicide Detective Investigates the Claims of the Gospels.
  • **Michael Wilkins, Craig Evans, Darrell L. Bock, and Andreas J. Kostenberger. The Gospels and Acts (The Holman Apologetics Commentary on the Bible Book 1).
  • **Peter J. Williams. Can We Trust the Gospels?

Hinduism

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On Hinduism in America.
  • Robin Thomson. Engaging with Hindus: Understanding Their World; Sharing Good News.
  • J. Isamu Yamamoto. Hinduism, TM, and Hare Krishna (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).

Islam

  • Andy Bannister. Do Muslims and Christians Worship the Same God?
  • *John Klaassen. Engaging with Muslims: Understanding Their World; Sharing Good News.
  • **Nabeel Qureshi. Answering Jihad: A Better Way Forward.
  • **Nabeel Qureshi. No God but One: Allah or Jesus?: A Former Muslim Investigates the Evidence for Islam and Christianity.
  • **Nabeel Qureshi. Seeking Allah, Finding Jesus: A Devout Muslim Encounters Christianity.
  • *Ron Rhodes. Reasoning from the Scriptures with the Muslims.
  • *Ron Rhodes. The 10 Things You Need to Know About Islam.
  • *R.C. Sproul and Abdul Saleeb. The Dark Side of Islam.
  • *James R. White. What Every Christian Needs to Know About the Qur’an.

Jehovah’s Witnesses

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On Jehovah’s Witnesses.
  • *Robert M. Bowman Jr. Jehovah’s Witnesses (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *David A. Reed. Answering Jehovah’s Witnesses: Subject by Subject.
  • *David A. Reed. Jehovah’s Witnesses Answered Verse by Verse.
  • Ron Rhodes. Reasoning from the Scriptures with the Jehovah’s Witnesses.
  • *Ron Rhodes. The 10 Most Important Things You Can Say to a Jehovah’s Witness.

Jewish People

  • **Darrell L. Bock and Mitch Glaser. To the Jew First: The Case for Jewish Evangelism in Scripture and History.
  • **Michael L. Brown. 60 Questions Christians Ask About Jewish Beliefs and Practices.
  • **Michael L. Brown. Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: General and Historical Objections, Vol. 1.
  • **Michael L. Brown. Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: Theological Objections Vol. 2.
  • **Michael L. Brown. Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: Messianic Prophecy Objections, Vol. 3.
  • **Michael L. Brown. Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: New Testament Objections, Vol. 4.
  • **Michael L. Brown. Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: Traditional Jewish Objections, Vol. 5.
  • **Michael L. Brown. The Real Kosher Jesus: Revealing the Mysteries of the Hidden Messiah.
  • *Steven Barry Kaplan. The Green Velvet Missionary: God Stories From a Jewish Believer.
  • **David L. Larsen. Jews, Gentiles and the Church: A New Perspective on History and Prophecy.
  • *Randy Newman. Engaging with Jewish People: Understanding Their World; Sharing Good News.
  • *Moishe Rosen. Yshua: The Jewish Way to Say Jesus.
  • *Barry Rubin. You Bring the Bagels, I’ll Bring the Gospel: Sharing the Messiah with Your Jewish Neighbor.
  • Jennifer M. Rosner. Finding Messiah: A Journey into the Jewishness of the Gospel.
  • *Avi Snyder. Jews Don’t Need Jesus & other Misconceptions: Reflections of a Jewish Believer.
  • *Stan Telchin. Abandoned: What Is God’s Will for the Jewish People and the Church.
  • *Stan Telchin. Betrayed!

Logic

  • *Forrest E. Baird. How Do We Reason?: An Introduction to Logic.
  • *Travis Dickinson. Logic and the Way of Jesus: Thinking Critically and Christianly.
  • *Norman L. Geisler and Ronald M. Brooks. Come, Let Us Reason: An Introduction to Logical Thinking.
  • *Vern S. Poythress. Logic: A God-Centered Approach to the Foundation of Western Thought.

Life After Death: Evidence for Heaven and Hell

  • **Randy Alcorn. Heaven: A Comprehensive Guide to Everything the Bible Says About Our Eternal Home (Clear Answers to 44 Real Questions About the Afterlife, Angels, Resurrection, … and the Kingdom of God).
  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On Life After Death.
  • **Gary Habermas and J.P. Moreland. Beyond Death: Exploring the Evidence for Immortality.
  • **Peter Kreeft. Heaven, the Heart’s Deepest Longing.
  • *Ron Rhodes. What Happens After Life?: 21 Amazing Revelations About Heaven and Hell.
  • *Lee Strobel. The Case for Heaven: A Journalist Investigates Evidence for Life After Death.

Methodology

  • *James K. Beilby. Thinking About Christian Apologetics: What It Is and Why We Do It. 
  • **Kenneth D. Boa & Robert M. Bowman Jr. Faith Has Its Reasons: Integrative Approaches to Defending the Christian Faith. 
  • Scott R. Burson & Jerry L. Walls. C. S. Lewis & Francis Schaeffer: Lessons for a New Century from the Most Influential Apologists of Our Time.
  • *Steven B. Cowan, ed. Five Views on Apologetics (Zondervan Counterpoints Series).
  • *Phil Fernandes. The Fernandes Guide to Apologetic Methods.
  • *Gordon R. Lewis. Testing Christianitys Truth Claims: Approaches to Christiian Apologetics.
  • **Brian K. Morley. Mapping Apologetics: Comparing Contemporary Approaches.
  • *Bernard Ramm. Varieties Of Christian Apologetics.

Miracles: Evidence For the Supernatural Intervention of God

  • **Colin Brown. Miracles and the Critical Mind.
  • *Norman L. Geisler. Miracles and the Modern Mind: A Defense of Biblical Miracles.
  • **R. Douglas Geivett, Gary Habermas, eds. In Defense of Miracles: A Comprehensive Case for God’s Action in History.
  • **Craig Keener. Miracles: The Credibility of the New Testament Accounts.
  • **Craig Keener. Miracles Today: The Supernatural Work of God in the Modern World.
  • *Erwin W. Lutzer. 7 Convincing Miracles: Understanding the Claims of Christ in Today’s Culture.
  • **J.P. Moreland. A Simple Guide to Experience Miracles: Instruction and Inspiration for Living Supernaturally in Christ.
  • **Lee Strobel. The Case for Miracles: A Journalist Investigates Evidence for the Supernatural.

Mormons

  • *Eric Johnson and Micah Wilder. Introducing Christianity to Mormons: A Practical and Comparative Guide to What the Bible Teaches.
  • *Eric Johnson and Sean McDowell. Sharing the Good News with Mormons: Practical Strategies for Getting the Conversation Started.
  • *Corey Miller. Engaging with Mormons: Understanding Their World; Sharing Good News.
  • *Corey Miller, Lynn K. Wilder, Vince Eccles, and Latayne C. Scott. Leaving Mormonism: Why Four Scholars Changed their Minds.
  • *Corey Miller and Ross Anderson. Responding to the Mormon Missionary Message: Confident Conversations with Mormon Missionaries (and Other Latter-day Saints).
  • *Ron Rhodes. Reasoning from the Scriptures with the Mormons.
  • *Ron Rhodes. The 10 Most Important Things You Can Say to a Mormon.
  • *Kurt Van Gorden. Mormonism (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • **Lynn K. Wilder. Unveiling Grace: The Story of How We Found Our Way out of the Mormon Church.
  • **Micah Wilder. Passport to Heaven: The True Story of a Zealous Mormon Missionary Who Discovers the Jesus He Never Knew.
  • **Michael Wilder and Lynn Wilder. 7 Reasons We Left Mormonism.

New Age

  • **Chris Berg. The New Age Trojan Horse: What Christians Should Know About Yoga And The Enneagram.
  • *Craig Hawkins. Goddess Worship, Witchcraft, and Neo-Paganism (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • **Peter Jones. The Gnostic Empire Strikes Back: An Old Heresy for the New Age.
  • *Andre Kole and Terry Holley. Astrology and Psychic Phenomena (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Douglas Groothuis. Confronting the New Age: How to Resist a Growing Religious Movement.
  • *Douglas Groothuis. Revealing the New Age Jesus: Challenges to Orthodox Views of Christ.
  • *Douglas Groothuis. Unmasking the New Age.
  • *Elliot Miller. A Crash Course on the New Age Movement: Describing and Evaluating a Growing Social Force.
  • *Ron Rhodes. New Age Movement (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • **Doreen Virtue. Deceived No More: How Jesus Led Me out of the New Age and into His Word.

Occult

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On the Occult.
  • **Walter Martin. The Kingdom of the Occult.
  • **John Warwick Montgomery, ed. Demon Possession: Papers Presented at the University of Notre Dame.
  • **Johanna Michaelson. The Beautiful Side of Evil.
  • Bob and Gretchen Passantino. Satanism (Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements).
  • *Ron Rhodes. The Truth Behind Ghosts, Mediums, and Psychic Phenomena.

Philosophical Apologetics

  • Steven B. Cowan, ed. Problems in Epistemology and Metaphysics: An Introduction to Contemporary Debates. 
  • John M. DePoe and Tyler Dalton McNabb. Debating Christian Religious Epistemology: An Introduction to Five Views on the Knowledge of God.
  • Paul M. Gould, ed. Four Views On Christianity and Philosophy (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology). 
  • Joel B. Green and Stuart L. Palmer. In Search of the Soul: Four Views of the Mind-Body Problem. 
  • J.P. Moreland, Khaldoun A. Sweis, and Chad V. Meister, eds. Debating Christian Theism.
  • Anthony C. Thiselton. Approaching Philosophy of Religion: An introduction to Key Thinkers, Concepts, Methods and Debates. 
  • Steve Wilkins, ed. Faith and Reason: Three Views.

Presuppositional Apologetics

  • **Greg Bahnsen. Always Ready: Directions for Defending the Faith.
  • **Greg Bahnsen. Pushing the Antithesis: The Apologetic Methodology of Greg L. Bahnsen.
  • *Greg Bahnsen. The Apologetic Implications of Self-Deception.
  • **John M. Frame. Apologetics: A Justification of Christian Belief.
  • John M. Frame. Cornelius Van Til: An Analysis of His Thought.
  • *John M. Frame. Nature’s Case for God: A Brief Biblical Argument.
  • *K. Scott Oliphint. Covenantal Apologetics: Principles and Practice in Defense of Our Faith.
  • *K. Scott Oliphint and Lane G. Tipton. Revelation and Reason: New Essays in Reformed Apologetics.
  • *K. Scott Oliphint. The Faithful Apologist: Rethinking the Role of Persuasion in Apologetics.**Richard L. Pratt. Every Thought Captive: a Study Manual for the Defense of the Truth.
  • Cornelius Van Til. Christian Apologetics.
  • Cornelius Van Til. Christian Theistic Evidences.
  • Cornelius Van Til. The Defense of the Faith.

Resurrection: Defending the Bodily Resurrection of Jesus

  • Justin Bass. The Bedrock of Christianity: The Unalterable Facts of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection.
  • W. David Beck and Michael R. Licona, eds. Raised on the Third Day: Defending the Historicity of the Resurrection of Jesus.
  • John Bombaro. The Resurrection Fact: Responding to Modern Critics.
  • *Pamela Binnings Ewen. Faith On Trial: An Attorney Analyzes The Evidence For The Death and Resurrection.
  • *Michael Green. The Empty Cross of Jesus: Seeing the Cross in the Light of the Resurrection.
  • *Gary Habermas and Antony Flew. Did the Resurrection Happen?: A Conversation with Gary Habermas and Antony Flew (Veritas Books).
  • *Gary Habermas. Risen Indeed: A Historical Investigation Into the Resurrection of Jesus.
  • **Gary Habermas and Michael R. Licona. The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus.
  • **Michael R. Licona. The Resurrection of Jesus: A New Historiographical Approach.
  • David Limbaugh and Christen Limbaugh Bloom. The Resurrected Jesus: The Church in the New Testament.
  • **Frank Morison. Who Moved The Stone?
  • *Graeme Smith. Was the Tomb Empty?: A Lawyer Weighs the Evidence for the Resurrection.
  • **N.T. Wright. The Resurrection of the Son of God (Christian Origins and the Question of God, Vol. 3).

Science

  • Michael J. Behe and T.D. Singh. God, Intelligent Design and Fine-Tuning: A Dialogue between T. D. Singh and Michael J. Behe.
  • Michael J. Behe, William Dembski, Stephen Meyer, et. al. Science and Evidence for Design in the Universe.
  • Ardel B. Caneday, ed. Four Views on the Historical Adam (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology).
  • Richard F. Carlson, ed. Science & Christianity: Four Views.
  • **Ray Comfort. Scientific Facts In The Bible: 100 Reasons To Believe The Bible Is Supernatural In Origin.
  • Paul Copan and Christopher L. Reese, eds. Three Views on Christianity and Science. (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology).
  • William A. Dembski and Michael Ruse. Debating Design: From Darwin to DNA.
  • **Michael Guillen. Amazing Truths: How Science and the Bible Agree.
  • David G. Hagopian, ed. The Genesis Debate: Three Views on the Days of Creation.
  • Preston Jones, ed. Is Belief in God Good, Bad or Irrelevant?: A Professor and a Punk Rocker Discuss Science, Religion, Naturalism Christianity.
  • Kenneth Keathley, J.B. Stump and Joe Aguirre, eds. Old Earth or Evolutionary Creation? Discussing Origins With Reason To Believe and Biologos.
  • *John Lennox. Can Science Explain Everything?
  • Alister McGrath, John Wilson, et. al. The Origins Debate: Evangelical Perspectives on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • *Stephen C. Meyer. Return of the God Hypothesis: Three Scientific Discoveries That Reveal the Mind Behind the Universe.
  • *J.P. Moreland. Christianity and the Nature of Science.
  • J.P. Moreland, Stephen C. Meyer, Christopher Shaw, Ann K. Gauger and Wayne Grudem, eds. Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Critique.
  • *J.P. Moreland and John Mark Reynolds, eds. Three Views on Creation and Evolution (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology).
  • *J.P. Moreland. Scientism and Secularism: Learning to Respond to a Dangerous Ideology.
  • *Nagel, Thomas. Mind And Cosmos: Why The Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False.
  • *Plantinga, Alvin. Where The Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, & Naturalism.
  • Shepardson, Andrew J. Who’s Afraid of the Unmoved Mover?: Postmodernism and Natural Theology.
  • Gerald Rau. Mapping the Origins Debate: Six Models of the Beginning.
  • *F. LaGard Smith. Darwin’s Secret Sex Problem: Exposing Evolution’s Fatal Flaw—The Origin of Sex.
  • James Stump, ed. Four Views on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design  (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology).
  • **Lee Strobel. The Case for Creation: A Journalist Investigates Scientific Evidence That Points Toward God.
  • Todd Charles Wood and Darrel R. Falk. The Fool and the Heretic: How Two Scientists Moved Beyond Labels to a Christian Dialogue About Creation and Evolution.

Soul: Evidence For the Existence of the Spirit/Soul

  • Mark C. Baker and Stewart Goetz, eds. The Soul Hypothesis: Investigations into the Existence of the Soul.
  • *John W. Cooper. Body, Soul, and Life Everlasting: Biblical Anthropology and the Monism-Dualism Debate.
  • Mark Cosgrove. The Brain, the Mind, and the Person Within: The Enduring Mystery of the Soul.
  • *Sharon Dirckx. Am I Just My Brain? (Questioning Faith).
  • Stewart Goetz and Charles Taliaferro, eds. A Brief History of the Soul.
  • *Joel B. Green, ed. In Search Of The Soul: Four Views Of The Mind-body Problem.
  • Eric Austin Lee and Samuel Kimbriel, eds. The Resounding Soul: Reflections on the Metaphysics and Vivacity of the Human Person.
  • *J.P. Moreland & Scott B. Rae. Body & Soul: Human Nature the Crisis in Ethics.
  • *J.P. Moreland. The Soul: How We Know It’s Real and Why It Matters.
  • Richard Swinburne. Are We Bodies or Souls?

Thinking Biblically

  • *Harry Blamires. The Christian Mind: How Should a Christian Think?
  • *David S. Dockery and Timothy George. The Great Tradition of Christian Thinking: A Student’s Guide.
  • **John MacArthur and Nathan Busenitz. Right Thinking for a Culture in Chaos: Responding Biblically to Today’s Most Urgent Needs.
  • **John MacArthur. Right Thinking in a World Gone Wrong: A Biblical Response to Today’s Most Controversial Issues.
  • **John MacArthur, ed. Think Biblically!: Recovering a Christian Worldview.
  • **J.P. Moreland. Love Your God with All Your Mind: The Role of Reason in the Life of the Soul.
  • *Jonathan Morrow. Think Christianly: Looking at the Intersection of Faith and Culture.
  • **John Piper. Think: The Life of Mind and the Love of God.
  • **David W. Saxton. God’s Battle Plan for the Mind: The Puritan Practice of Biblical Meditation.
  • **John R.W. Stott. Your Mind Matters: the Place of the Mind in the Christian Life.
  • *Gene Edward Veith Jr. Loving God with All Your Mind: Thinking as a Christian in the Postmodern World.

Truth (Absolute and Objective)

  • **Francis J. Beckwith and Gregory Koukl. Relativism: Feet Firmly Planted in Mid-Air.
  • **D.A. Carson. The Gagging of God: Christianity Confronts Pluralism.
  • *Douglas Groothuis. Truth Decay: Defending Christianity Against the Challenges of Postmodernism.
  • *Andreas J. Kostenberger, Darrell L. Bock, and Joshua D. Chatraw. Truth in a Culture of Doubt: Engaging Skeptical Challenges to the Bible.
  • *Andreas J. Kostenberger, Darrell L. Bock, and Joshua D. Chatraw.Truth Matters: Confident Faith in a Confusing World.
  • *Gregory Koukl. The Story of Reality: How the World Began, How It Ends, and Everything Important That Happens in Between.
  • *Art Lindsley. True Truth: Defending Absolute Truth in a Relativistic World.
  • **John MacArthur. The Truth War: Fighting for Certainty in an Age of Deception.
  • *Christopher W. Morgan and Robert A. Peterson, eds. Faith Comes by Hearing: A Response to Inclusivism.
  • *Abdu Murray. Saving Truth: Finding Meaning and Clarity in a Post-Truth World.
  • *Jeff Myers. Truth Changes Everything: How People of Faith Can Transform the World in Times of Crisis.
  • *David F. Wells. Above All Earthly Powers: Christ in a Postmodern World.
  • *David F. Wells. God in the Wasteland: The Reality of Truth in a World of Fading Dreams.
  • *David F. Wells. God in the Whirlwind: How the Holy-Love of God Reorients Our World.
  • *David F. Wells. No Place for Truth: or Whatever Happened to Evangelical Theology?
  • *David F. Wells. The Courage to Be Protestant: Reformation Faith in Today’s World.

World Religions

  • *John Ankerberg and John Weldon. The Facts On World Religions.
  • *George Braswell. Understanding World Religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Judaism, Islam.
  • *Ray Comfort. World Religions in a Nutshell.
  • *Winfried Corduan. Neighboring Faiths: A Christian Introduction to World Religions.
  • *John Dickson. A Doubter’s Guide to World Religions: A Fair and Friendly Introduction to the History, Beliefs, and Practices of the Big Five.
  • *Michael Green. “But Don’t All Religions Lead to God?”
  • Bodie Hodge and Roger Patterson. World Religions and Cults: Counterfeits of Christianity (Volumes 1-3) .
  • **Peter Jones. One or Two: Seeing a World of Difference.
  • **W. Mark Lanier. Religions on Trial: A Lawyer Examines Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and More.
  • *Daniel J. McCoy. The Popular Handbook of World Religions.
  • *Gerald R. McDermott. World Religions: An Indispensable Introduction.
  • *Josh McDowell and Don Stewart. Handbook of Today’s Religions.
  • *Marvin Olasky. The Religions Next Door: How Journalist Misreport Religion and What They Should Be Telling Us.
  • **Fritz Ridenour. So What’s The Difference: A Look At 20 World Views, Faiths And Religions And How They Compare To Christianity.
  • *Daniel Strange. Their Rock Is Not Like Our Rock: A Theology of Religions.

World Views

  • Francis J. Beckwith, William Lane Craig, and J.P. Moreland, eds. To Everyone an Answer: A Case for the Christian Worldview.
  • *J. Mark Bertrand. Rethinking Worldview: Learning to Think, Live, and Speak in This World.
  • Ronnie P. Campbell Jr. Worldviews and the Problem of Evil: A Comparative Approach.
  • Mark P. Cosgrove. Foundations of Christian Thought: Faith, Learning, and the Christian Worldview.
  • **Peter Jones. The Other Worldview: Exposing Christianity’s Greatest Threat.
  • **J. P. Moreland and William Lane Craig. Philosophical Foundations for a Christian Worldview.
  • *Jeff Myers. The Secret Battle of Ideas About God: Overcoming the Outbreak of Five Fatal Worldviews.
  • *Jeff Myers. Understanding the Times: A Survey of Competing Worldviews.
  • *Ronald H. Nash. Worldviews in Conflict: Choosing Christianity in the World of Ideas.
  • *David K. Naugle. Worldview: The History of a Concept.
  • Myron B. Penner, ed. Christianity and the Postmodern Turn (Six Views).
  • *W. Gary Phillips, Willam E. Brown and John Stonestreet. Making Sense of Your World: A Biblical Worldview.
  • **James W. Sire. The Universe Next Door: A Basic Worldview Catalog (Sixth Edition).
  • *James W. Sire. Why Should Anyone Believe Anything at All? 
  • C. Fred Smith. Developing a Biblical Worldview: Seeing Things God’s Way.
  • *R.C. Sproul. The Consequences of Ideas: Understanding the Concepts that Shaped Our World.
  • Glenn S. Sunshine. Why You Think the Way You Do: The Story of Western Worldviews from Rome to Home.

*LAST WORDS OF THE DYING

(*ADAPTED FROM: Life’s Choices by John Lawrence, Pages 54-59)

Non-Believers:

Talleyrand Perigord (1754–1838), achieved distinction as a French statesman and diplomat): “I am suffering the pangs of the damned!”

Victor de Riqueti, Marquis de Mirabeau (October 5, 1715, Pertuis – July 13, 1789, Argenteuil; was a French economist of the Physiocratic school): “Give me laudanum that I may not think of eternity.”

Francis Newport (1st Earl of Bradford, February 23, 1620 – September 19, 1708): “Oh, that I was to lie a thousand years upon the fire that never is quenched, to purchase the favor of God, and be united to Him again! But it is a fruitless wish. Millions of millions of years would bring me no nearer to the end of my torments than one poor hour. Oh, eternity, eternity! forever and forever! Oh the insufferable pangs of hell!”

Thomas Hobbs (1588–1679, English philosopher): “If I had the whole world, I would give it to live one day. I shall be glad to find a hole to creep out of the world at. About to take a leap into the dark!”

Thomas Paine (1737–1809, English American political writer. His pamphlet Common Sense [1776] called for American independence, and The Rights of Man [1791] defended the French Revolution. His radical views prompted the British government to indict him for treason, and he fled to France. He also wrote The Age of Reason [1794]): “I would give words if I had them, that The Age of Reason had never been published. O Lord, help me! Christ, help me! O God, what have I done to suffer so much? But there is no God! But if there should be, what will become of me hereafter? Stay with me, for God’s sake! Send even a child to stay with me, for it is hell to be alone. If ever the Devil had an agent, I have been that one.”

Francois Voltaire (French writer, philosopher, historian; November 21, 1694-May 30, 1778): He was one of the most fertile and talented writers and strove to retard and demolish Christianity. His cry in health concerning Christ  was, ‘Curse the wretch!’ He once said, ‘In twenty years, Christianity will be no more. My single handshake destroy the edifice it took twelve apostles to rear.’ Some years after his death, his very printing press was employed in the printing of New Testaments. 

The Christian physician who attended Voltaire during his last illness, has left a testimony concerning the departure of this poor lost soul. He wrote to a friend as follows: “When I compare the death of a righteous man, which is like the close of a beautiful day, with that of Voltaire, I see the difference between bright, serene weather and a black thunderstorm. It was my lot that this man should die under my hands. Often did I tell him the truth.

‘Yes, my friend,’ he would often say to me, ‘you are the only one who has given me good advice. Had I but followed it I would not be in this horrible condition in which I now am. I have swallowed nothing but smoke. I have intoxicated myself with the incense that turned my head. You can do nothing for me. Send me a mad doctor! Have compassion on me—I am mad!”

The physician goes on to say: I cannot think of it without shuddering. As soon as he saw that all the means he had employed to increase his strength had just the opposite effect, death was constantly before his eyes. From this moment, madness took possession of his soul. He expired under the torments of the furies.”

At another time his doctor quoted Voltaire as saying: “I am abandoned by God and man! I will give you half of what I’m worth if you will give me six months’ life. Then I shall go to hell; and you will go with me. O Christ! O Jesus Christ!”

Charles IX (Charles Maximilien; 27 June 1550 – 30 May 1574, was King of France from 1560 until his death in 1574. He ascended the French throne upon the death of his brother Francis II in 1560, and as such was the penultimate monarch of the House of Valois): This cruel monarch urged by his inhumane mother, gave the order for the massacre of the Huguenots in which 15,000 souls were slaughtered in Paris alone, and 100,000 in other sections of France, for no other reason than that they owned Christ as their master. He died bathed in his own blood bursting from his own veins. To his physicians he said in his last hours: “Asleep or wake, I see the mangled forms of the Huguenots passing before me. They drip with blood. They point at their open wounds. Oh! that I had spared at least the little infants at the breast! What blood! I know not where I am. How will all this end? What shall I do? I am lost forever! I know it. Oh, I have done wrong. God pardon me!”

David Friedrich Strauss (January 27,1808 – February 8, 1874)was a German liberal Protestant theologian and writer, who influenced Christian Europe with his portrayal of the “historical Jesus”, whose divine nature he denied. His work was connected to the Tübingen School, which revolutionized study of the New Testament, early Christianity, and ancient religions. Strauss was a pioneer in the historical investigation of Jesus. After spending years trying to dispense with his belief in God wrote: “My philosophy leaves me utterly forlorn!I feel like one caught in the merciless jaws of an automatic machine, not knowing at what time one of its great hammers may crush me!”

Sir Thomas Scott: “Until this moment I thought there was neither a God nor a hell. Now I know and feel that there are both, and I am doomed to perdition by the just judgment of the Almighty.”

M.F. Rich (an atheist): “I would rather lie on a stove and broil for a million years than go into eternity with eternal horrors that hand over my soul!I have given my immortality for gold; and its weight sinks me into an endless, hopeless helpless hell.”

Believers:

Notice the huge contrast between non-believers and believers. Here are believers in the Lord Jesus Christ who have accepted the grace of God for salvation.

Jordan Antie: “The chariot has come, and I am ready to step in.”

Margaret Prior (1773 – April 7, 1842) was an American humanitarian, urban missionary, moral reform worker, and writer who established a school and a soup kitchen in New York City): “Eternity rolls up before me like a sea of glory.”

Martha McCracken: “How bright the room! How full of angels!”

Dr. Culen: “I wish I had the power of writing: I would describe how pleasant it is to die.”

B.S. Bangs: “The sun is setting: mine is rising. I go from this bed to a crown. Farewell.”

John Arthur Lyth: “Can this be death? Why, it is better than living! Tell themI die happy in  Jesus.”

Trotter: “I am in perfect peace, resting alone on the blood of Christ. I find this amply sufficient with which to enter the presence of God.”

Mary Frances: “Oh, that I can tell you what joy I possess! I am full of rapture. The Lord doth shine with such power on my soul. He is come! He is come!

Philip Heck: “How beautiful! The opening heavens around me shine!”

Sir David Brewster (December 11, 1781- February 10, 1868, was a Scottish scientist, inventor of the kaleidoscope, author, and academic administrator): “I will see Jesus: I shall see Him as He is. I have had the light for many years. Oh how bright it is! I feel so safe and satisfied!”

Charles Wesley (December 18, 1707 – March 29, 1788, was an English leader of the Methodist Movement and the prolific writer of over 6500 hymns including “And Can It Be” and “Christ the Lord is Risen Today”): “I shall be satisfied with Thy likeness. Satisfied!”

John Wesley (June 28, 1703 – March 2, 1791, was an English evangelist and pastor who was mightily used to bring about revival in Europe and America and found the Methodist movement): “The best of all, is God is with me.”

Abbott: “Glory to God! I see heaven sweetly opened before me.”

Augustus Montague Toplady (November 4, 1740 – August 11, 1778, was an English Anglican pastor and hymn writer. He is best known for his hymn “Rock of Ages): “The consolations of God to such an unworthy wretch are so abundant that He leaves me nothing to pray for but a continuance of them. I enjoy heaven already in my soul.”

John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848, served as the sixth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825): When he was eighty years of age a friend said to him: ‘Wel, how is John Quincy Adams?’ ‘Thank you,’ he said, ‘John Quincy Adams is quite well. But the house where he lives is becoming dilapidated. It is tottering. Time and the seasons have nearly destroyed it, and it is becoming quite uninhabitable. I shall have to move out soon. But John Quincy Adams is quite well, thank you.’ At death he said, ‘This is the last of earth. I am content.”

Elizabeth B Browning (March 6, 1806 – June 29, 1861, was an English poet): She sated about her writing: “We want the touch of Christ’s hand upon our literature.” At death’s door, she said: “It is beautiful.”

John Bunyan (November 30, 1628 – August 31, 1688, was an English Pastor and the author who is most remembered for his outstanding allegory The Pilgrim’s Progress): “Weep not for yourselves. I go to the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who will, through the mediation of His blessed Son, receive me, though a sinner, where I hope we shall meet to sing a new song, and remain everlastingly happy, world without end.”

John Calvin (July 10, 1509 – May 27, 1564, was a French Theologian and Pastor famous for his reforming work in Geneva and his outstanding classic Theological work Institutes of the Christian Religion and commentaries on almost every book of the Bible): “Thou, Lord, bruising me, but I am abundantly satisfied, since it is from Thy hand.”

Adoniram Judson (August 9, 1788 – April 12, 1850, was the first American Missionary to go overseas [Burma – He translated the Bible into Burmese]): “I go with the gladness of a boy bounding from school. I feel so strong in Christ.”

A.J. Gordon (1836-1895 was an American Baptist preacher who was named after Adoniram Judson [above]): “Victory, Victory!” and then he breathed his last and went home to Heaven.

Dr. William Anderson: of Dallas, Texas. He seemed better though still very ill. His mother was sitting in the room with him. He gently called her, “Come over here a minute.” As she approached his bed, he said, “I want to tell you something. I am going to beat you to heaven.” And with a smile he shut his eyes and was gone.

Dr. Sewall (An Old Methodist Doctor): When dying shouted the praises of God. His friends said, “Dr. Sewall, do not exert yourself, whisper, doctor, whisper.” “Let the angels whisper,” he said, “but the soul cleansed from death and hell, just on the threshold of eternal glory—oh, if I had a voice that would reach from pole to pole, I would proclaim it to all the world: Victory! Victory! through the blood of the Lamb!”

Samuel Rutherford (1600-1661, was a Scottish Presbyterian pastor and theologian and one of the Scottish commissioners to the the Westminster Assembly): When he was dying said: “I am in the happiest pass to which man ever came. Christ is mine, and I am His; and there is nothing now between me and resurrection, except—Paradise.” 

Marriage Resources Compiled by David Craig

(Revised: 4/17/2023 – Those Marked with an “*” are Highly Recommended)

ABUSE

  • Clarke, David E. Enough Is Enough: A Step-by-Step Plan to Leave an Abusive Relationship with God’s Help.
  • *Strickland, Darby A. Domestic Abuse: Help for the Sufferer
  • *Strickland, Darby A. Domestic Abuse: Recognize, Respond, Rescue.
  • *Strickland, Darby A. Is It Abuse?: A Biblical Guide to Identifying Domestic Abuse and Helping Victims.

MADE IN THE IMAGE OF GOD (The Imago Dei):

  • *Brand, Dr. Paul and Philip Yancey. Fearfully and Wonderfully: The Marvel of Bearing God’s Image.
  • Hoekema, Anthony A. Created in God’s Image.
  • Kilner, John F. Dignity and Destiny: Humanity in the Image of God.
  • Lints, Richard. Identity and Idolatry: The Image of God and Its Inversion.
  • Seamands, Stephen. Ministry in the Image of God: The Trinitarian Shape of Christian Service.
  • *Sproul, R.C. The Hunger for Significance: Seeing the Image of God in Man.
  • *Wilkin, Jen. In His Image: 10 Ways God Calls Us to Reflect His Character.

THE SINGLE CHRISTIAN

  • *Alberry Sam. 7 Myths About Singleness.
  • Ballenger, Mark. The Ultimate Guide to Christian Singleness.
  • Chediak, Alex. With One Voice: Singleness, Dating & Marriage to the Glory of God.
  • Cloud, Henry and John Townsend. Boundaries in Dating: How Healthy Choices Grow Healthy Relationships
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Love Languages Singles Edition: The Secret That Will Revolutionize Your Relationships
  • *Hiestand, Gerald, and Jay S. Thomas. Sex, Dating, and Relationships: A Fresh Approach.
  • Maxson, J. Robin and Garry Friesen. “I Do” or “Do I?” Are You Ready To Change Your Relationship Status?
  • Maxson, J. Robin and Garry Friesen. Singleness, Marriage, and the Will of God.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. and Kevin McConaghy. Outdated: Find Love That Lasts When Dating Has Changed.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. and Kevin McConaghy. Welcome to Adulting: Navigating Faith, Friendship, Finances, and the Future.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. Welcome to Adulting Survival Guide: 42 Days to Navigate Life.
  • Rineheart, Stacy T., and Paula Rinehart. Choices: Finding God’s Way in Dating, Sex, Marriage, and Singleness.
  • *Phillips, Richard D., and Sharon L. Holding Hands, Holding Hearts: Recovering a Biblical View of Christian Dating.
  • Priolo, Lou. Danger Signs of an Unhealthy Dating Relationship.
  • *Segal, Marshall. Not Yet Married: The Pursuit of Joy in Singleness and Dating.
  • Smith, William P. Starting Over: How Not to Screw Up Your Next Relationship.
  • Smith, William P. Who Should I Date?: Relationship Advice for the Real World.
  • *Strachan, Owen. Whole in Christ: A Biblical Approach to Singleness.
  • *Stuart, Ben. Single, Dating, Engaged, Married: Navigating Life and Love in the Modern Age.
  • *Sweet, Jenilyn. Singleness: Living Faithfully (31-Day Devotionals for Life).

BEFORE GETTING ENGAGED/MARRIED

  • *Baker, Ernie. Marry Wisely, Marry Well.
  • Burns, Jim & Fields, Doug. Getting Ready for Marriage: A Practical Road Map for Your Journey Together.
  • Chapman, Gary. Things I Wish I’d Known Before We God Married.
  • Green, Rob. Tying the Knot: A Premarital Guide to a Strong and Lasting Marriage.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard F. I Promise You: Preparing For A Marriage That Will Last a Lifetime.
  • Mack, Wayne A. Preparing for Marriage God’s Way: A Step-By-Step Guide for Marriage Success Before and After the Wedding.
  • McKinley, Mike. Engagement: Preparing for Marriage (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Parrott, Les & Leslie. Saving Your Marriage Before It Starts: Seven Questions To Ask Before and After You Marry.
  • Piper, John. Preparing for Marriage: Help for Christian Couples.
  • Roberts, Wes & Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do.”
  • Smalley, Greg and Erin. Before You Plan Your Wedding…Plan Your Marriage.
  • Smalley, Greg and Erin. Ready to Wed: 12 Ways to Start a Marriage You’ll Love.
  • Smith, William P. Should We Get Married?: How to Evaluate Your Relationship.
  • Thomas, Gary. 9 Must Have Conversations For a Doubt-Free Wedding Day.
  • Thomas, Gary. Preparing Your Heart for Marriage: Devotions for Engaged Couples.
  • *Thomas, Gary. The Sacred Search: What if It’s Not about Who You Marry, but Why?
  • *Wright, H. Norman. 101 Questions to ask Before You Get Engaged.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do”: A Marriage Preparation Guide for Couples.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do” Devotional: Building a Spiritual Foundation for Your Life Together.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Starting Out Together: A Devotional for Dating or Engaged Couples.

MARRIAGE

  • *Ash, Christopher. Married For God: Making Your Marriage the Best It Can Be.
  • Begg, Alistair. Lasting Love. How to Avoid Marital Failure.
  • Chan, Francis and Lisa. You And Me Forever: Marriage In Light of Eternity.
  • Chapell, Bryan. Each For The Other: Marriage As It’s Meant To Be.
  • Chapman, Gary. Happily Ever After: Six Secrets to a Successful Marriage.
  • *Chapman, Gary. The 4 Seasons of Marriage: Secrets to a Lasting Marriage.
  • Chester, Tim. Gospel-Centered Marriage: Becoming the Couple God Wants You to Be.
  • Crabb, Larry. The Marriage Builder. Creating Oneness To Transform Your Marriage.
  • *Farley, William P. Marriage In Paradise: How to Have a Genesis two Marriage in a Genesis three World.
  • *Curt Hamner, John Trent, et al. Marriage: Its Foundation, Theology, and Mission in a Changing World.
  • *Girgis, Sherif, Ryan T. Anderson, Robert P. George, eds. What Is Marriage: Man and Woman: A Defense.
  • *Ingram, Chip. Marriage That Works: God’s Way of Becoming Spiritual Soul Mates, Best Friends, and Passionate Lovers.
  • *Keller, Timothy and Kathy. The Meaning of Marriage: Facing the Complexities of Commitment with the Wisdom of God.
  • Kostenberger, Andreas J. & Jones  David W. God, Marriage, and Family. Rebuilding The Biblical Foundation.
  • *LaPierre, Scott. Your Marriage God’s Way: A Biblical Guide to a Christ-Centered Relationship.
  • Lewis, Robert & Hendricks, William. Rocking The Roles: Building a Win-Win Marriage.
  • Mead, Peter. Lost in Wonder: A Biblical Introduction to God’s Great Marriage.
  • *Ortlund, Ray. Marriage and the Mystery of the Gospel.
  • Piper, John. This Momentary Marriage: A Parable of Permanence.
  • Rainey, Dennis & Barbara. Starting Your Marriage Right: What You Need To Know In The Early Years To Make It Last a Lifetime.
  • Rainey, Dennis & Barbara. Staying Close: Stopping The Natural Drift Toward Isolation in Marriage.
  • *Savage, Timothy B. No Ordinary Marriage: Together For God’s Glory.
  • Smalley, Erin. Reconnected: Moving from Roommates to Soulmates in Marriage (Focus on the Family)
  • Smalley, Gary. The DNA of Relationships: Discover How You Are designed for Satisfying Relationships.
  • Smalley, Gary & Trent, John. Love is a Decision: Proven Techniques to Keep Your Marriage Alive and Lively.
  • *Smalley, Gary and Shawn Stoever. The Wholehearted Marriage: Fully Engaging Your Most Important Relationship.
  • Smith, Winston T. Marriage Matters: Extraordinary Change Through Ordinary Moments.
  • *Sproul, R.C. The Intimate Marriage: A Practical Guide To Building A Great Marriage.
  • *Swindoll, Charles R. Marriage From Surviving to Thriving.
  • Thomas, Gary. A Lifelong Love: How to Have Lasting Intimacy, friendship, and Purpose in Your Marriage.
  • Thomas, Gary. Cherish: The One Word That Changes Everything For Your Marriage.
  • Thomas, Gary. Sacred Marriage: What If God Designed Marriage to Make Us Holy More Than to Make Us Happy?
  • Towns, Ruth and Elmer. How To Build a Lasting Marriage: Lessons From Biblical Couples.
  • *Tripp, Paul David. Marriage: 6 Gospel Commitments Every Couple Needs to Make.
  • Wright, H. Norman. After You Say “I Do.”
  • Wright, H. Norman. 101 Ways To Build a Stronger, More Exciting Marriage.
  • Young, Ed. The 10 Commandments of Marriage: The Do’s and Don’s for a Lifelong Covenant.

HISTORICAL MODELS OF CHRISTIAN MARRIAGE

  • Callahan, Patti. Becoming Mrs. Lewis.
  • Curtis, Carolyn and Mary Pomroy Key, eds. Women and C.S. Lewis: What his life and literature reveal for today’s culture.
  • DeRusha, Michelle. Katharina and Martin Luther: The Radical Marriage of a Runaway Nun and a Renegade Monk.
  • Gerstner, Edna. Jonathan and Sarah Edwards: An Uncommon Union. 
  • Lane, Rachel. Francis & Edith Schaeffer: Taking on the World (Trail blazers Series).
  • Lewis, C.S. A Grief Observed.
  • *Mack, Wayne A. and Carol. Sweethearts For a Lifetime.
  • Parkhurst, Louis Gifford. Francis & Edith Schaeffer.
  • Rhodes Jr., Ray. Yours, Till Heaven: The Untold Love Story of Charles and Susie Spurgeon.
  • *Shaeffer, Edith. The Tapestry: The Life and Times of Francis and Edith Schaeffer.
  • Welman, Sam. Francis & Edith Schaeffer.

LEARNING TO MEET ONE ANOTHER’S NEEDS

  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Love & Respect: The Love She Most Desires, The Respect He Desperately Needs.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard F. He Wins, She Wins: Learning The Art of Marital Negotiation; His Needs Her Needs: Building an Affair-Proof Marriage; Love Busters: Protect Your Marriage by Replacing Love-Busting Patterns with Love-Building Habits.

MEN AND WOMEN: ENJOYING THE DIFFERENCES

  • Burke, H. Dale. Different by Design: God’s Master Plan For Harmony Between Men and Women in Marriage.
  • Crabb, Larry. Men and Women: Enjoying The Difference.
  • *Farrel, Bill and Pam. Men Are Like Waffles Women Are Like Spaghetti: Understanding and Delighting in Your Differences.
  • *Farrel, Bill and Pam. Why Men and Women Act The Way They Do.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a New Husband by Friday: How to Change His Attitude, Behavior & Communication in 5 Days.
  • MacArthur, John. Divine Design: God’s Complementary Roles For Men and Women.
  • Peacock, Gavin & Strachan, Owen. The Grand Design: Male and Female He Made Them.
  • Smalley, Gary. For Better or for Best: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Husband.
  • Smalley, Gary. If Only He Knew: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Wife.
  • Strauch, Alexander. Men and Women: Equal Yet Different.
  • *Strachan, Owen and Jonathan Parnell. Designed for Joy: How the Gospel Impacts Men and Women, Identity and Practice.

COMMUNICATION 

  • Bechtle, Mike. How to Communicate with Confidence.
  • Brown, Steve. How to Talk So People Will Listen.
  • *Chapman, Gary. Now You’re Speaking My Language: Honest Communication and Deeper Intimacy for a Stronger Marriage.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Cracking The Communication Code With Your Mate: The Secret of Speaking Your Mate’s Language.
  • Petersen, James C. Why Don’t We Listen Better?: Communicating & Connecting in Relationships
  • *Tripp, Paul David. War of Words: Getting to the Heart of Your Communication Struggles.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Communication: Key to Your Marriage – The Secret To True Happiness.

CONFLICT

  • Chapman, Gary. Everybody Wins: The Chapman Guide to Solving Conflicts without Arguing (Chapman Guides).
  • Chapman, Gary. Home Improvements: The Chapman Guide to Negotiating Change with Your Spouse (Chapman Guides).
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Apology Languages: The Secret to Healthy Relationships.
  • *Chapman, Gary & Thomas, Jennifer. When Sorry Isn’t Enough: Making Things Right With Those You Love.
  • *Harvey, Dave. When Sinners Say “I Do”: The Power of the Gospel for Marriage.
  • *Hoppe, Steve. Marriage Conflict: Talking as Teammates (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • *Kendall, R.T. Total Forgiveness.
  • *Lutzer, Erwin W. When You Have Been Wronged: Moving From Bitterness To Forgiveness.
  • *Priolo, Lou. Resolving Conflict: How to Make, Disturb, and Keep Peace.
  • *Sande, Ken. The Peacemaker: A Biblical Guide to Resolving Personal Conflict.
  • *Scott, Stuart. Communication and Conflict Resolution: A Biblical Perspective.
  • Smalley, Greg. Fight Your Way to a Better Marriage: How Healthy Conflict Can Take You to Deeper Levels of Intimacy.
  • Smalley, Greg. Reconnected: Moving from Roommates to Soulmates in Marriage.

COURTSHIP AFTER MARRIAGE

  • Begg, Alistair. Lasting Love: How To Avoid Marital Failure.
  • Buzzard, Justin. Date Your Wife: A Husband’s Guide.
  • Harley, Jr. Willard F. Fall In Love, Stay In Love.
  • *Mack, Wayne A. Sweethearts for a Lifetime: Making the Most of Your Marriage (Strength for Life).
  • *Smalley, Greg and Erin Smalley. Crazy Little Thing Called Marriage: 12 Secrets for a Lifelong Romance.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Making Love Last Forever.
  • *Smalley, Gary and Shawn Stoever. The Wholehearted Marriage: Fully Engaging Your Most Important Relationship.
  • *Ziglar, Zig. Courtship After Marriage: Romance Can Last A Lifetime.

DEVOTIONALS

  • Chapman, Gary. The One Year Love Language Minute Devotional: A 365-Day Devotional for Christian Couples.
  • Chapman, Gary. The Love as a Way of Life Devotional: A Ninety-Day Adventure That Makes Love a Daily Habit.
  • Dobson, James C. Night Light: A Devotional for Couples.
  • Harley, Willard F. and Joyce S. Joyce. Draw Close: A Devotional for Couples.
  • Keller, Timothy and Kathy Keller. The Meaning of Marriage: A Couple’s Devotional: A Year of Daily Devotions.
  • Kendrick, Stephen and Alex. The Love Dare Day by Day: A Year of Devotions for Couples.
  • Rainey, Dennis and Barbara Rainey. Moments Together for Couples: 365 Daily Devotions for Drawing Near to God & One Another.
  • Thomas, Gary. Devotions for a Sacred Marriage: A Year of Weekly Devotions for Couples.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. After You Say “I Do” Devotional: Meditations for Every Couple.

DIVORCE AND REMARRIAGE

  • *Adams, Jay E. Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage in the Bible: A Fresh Look at What Scripture Teaches.
  • *Grudem Wayne. What the Bible Says About Divorce and Remarriage. 
  • *Newheiser, Jim. Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage: Critical Questions and Answers.

FINANCES

  • *Alcorn, Randy. Managing God’s Money: A Biblical Guide.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. Money, Possessions, and Eternity: A Comprehensive Guide to What the Bible Says about Financial Stewardship, Generosity, Materialism, Retirement, Financial Planning, Gambling, Debt, and More.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. The Law of Rewards: Giving what you can’t keep to gain what you can’t lose.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. The Treasure Principle, Revised and Updated: Unlocking the Secret of Joyful Giving.
  • Blue, Ron. Master Your Money: A Step-By-Step Plan For Experiencing Contentment. 
  • Blue, Ron & Burkett, Larry. Your Money After The Big 5-0. Wealth For The Second Half of Life.
  • *Dayton, Howard. Marriage and Money God’s Way.
  • *Dayton, Howard. Your Money Counts: The Biblical Guide to Earning, Spending, Saving, Investing, Giving, and Getting Out of Debt
  • Keller, Timothy. Counterfeit Gods: The Empty Promises of Money, Sex, and Power, and the Only Hope that Matters.
  • *Lowe, Cherie. Slaying the Debt Dragon: How One Family Conquered Their Money Monster and Found an Inspired Happily Ever After.
  • MacArthur, John. Whose Money Is It Anyway?
  • Ramsey, Dave. Financial Peace Revisited; The Complete Guide to Money; The Money Answer Book; The Total Money Makeover; The Financial Peace Planner: A Step-by-Step Guide to Restoring Your Family’s Financial Health.
  • Tripp, Paul David. Sex and Money: Pleasures That Leave You Empty and Grace That Satisfies. 
  • *Wood, William C. Getting a Grip on Your Money: A Plain & Simple Christian Guide to Managing Personal Finances, Eliminating Debt, Spending, Saving & Giving, Investing for the Future.
  • Yates, Cynthia. Living Well On One Income: In a Two-Income World. 

LOVE LANGUAGES

  • *Chapman, Gary. The Five Love Languages: How To Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. The Language of Love and Respect: Cracking the Communication Code with Your Mate.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. 6 Secrets to a Lasting Love: Recapturing Your Dream Marriage.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. The 5 Love Needs of Men & Women.
  • *Smalley, Gary & Trent, John. The Language of Love: The Secret To Being Instantly Understood. 
  • *Trent, John and Gary Smalley. The Two Sides of Love: The Secret to Valuing Differences.

MEN AND WOMEN IN MINISTRY

  • *DeYoung, Kevin. Men and Women in the Church: A Short, Biblical, Practical Introduction.
  • Gilbert, Greg. Can Women Be Pastors?
  • *Grudem, Wayne, ed. Biblical Foundations for Manhood and Womanhood.
  • *Kostenberger, Margaret E. God’s Design for Man and Woman. A Biblical-Theological Survey.
  • *Kostenberger, Andreas J. and Thomas R. Schreiner, et al. Women in the Church: An Interpretation and Application of 1 Timothy 2:9-15.
  • *Piper, John and Grudem, Wayne. 50 Crucial Questions: An Overview of Central Concerns about Manhood and Womanhood.
  • *Piper, John and Grudem, Wayne editors. Recovering Biblical Manhood & Womanhood: A Response To Evangelical Feminism.
  • Saucy, Robert, and Judith TenElshof. Women and Men in Ministry: A Complementary Perspective.

PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES

  • *Biehl, Bobb. Why You Do What You Do.
  • *LaHaye, Tim. Spirit-Controlled Temperament.
  • *LaHaye, Tim. Why You Act The Way You Do.
  • *Leman, Kevin. The Birth Order Book: Why You Are The Way You Are.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus At Work.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus For Couples: Understanding Yourself and the One You Love
  • *Littauer, Florence. Wired That Way: A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding and Maximizing Your Personality Type.
  • Smalley, Gary and Robert S. Paul. The DNA of Relationships for Couples.

SEXUAL INTIMACY: BECOMING ONE

  • Ash, Christopher. How Should Christians Think about Sex? (Questions for Restless Minds).
  • *Ash, Christopher. Marriage: Sex in the Service of God.
  • Cutrer, William & Glahn, Sandra. Sexual Intimacy In Marriage.
  • Dobson, James. Head Over Heels: How To Fall In Love and Land On Your Feet.
  • Harley, Jr. Willard F. Five Steps To Romantic Love: A Workbook for Readers of Love Busters and His Needs, Her Needs.
  • Howes, Ryan, Rupp, Richard, Simpson, Stephen W. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Sex: A Guide For Christian Men.
  • LaHaye, Tim & Beverly. The Act of Marriage: The Beauty of Sexual Love.
  • Leman, Kevin. Sex Begins In the Kitchen; Sheet Music: Uncovering the Secrets of Sexual Intimacy in Marriage.
  • McBurney, Louis & Melissa. Real Questions, Real Answers About Sex.
  • McCluskey, Christopher & Rachel. When Two Become One: Enhancing Sexual Intimacy In Marriage.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. The 5 Sex Needs of Men & Women.
  • *Wheat, Ed & Gaye. Intended For Pleasure: Sex Technique and Sexual Fulfillment in Christian Marriage.

IF YOUR MARRIAGE IS IN SERIOUS TROUBLE

  • *Chapman, Gary. Hope For The Separated: Wounded Marriages Can Be Healed.
  • *Chapman, Gary. Loving Your Spouse When You Feel Like Walking Away: Real Help for Desperate Hearts in Difficult Marriages.
  • *Chapman, Gary. One More Try: What to Do When Your Marriage Is Falling Apart.
  • *Clarke, David E. Enough is Enough: A Step-by-Step Plan to Leave an Abusive Relationship with God’s Help.
  • *Clarke, David E. and William G. Clarke. Honey, We Need To Talk: Get Honest And Intimate In 10 Essential Areas.
  • *Clarke, David E. Married But Lonely. 
  • *Clarke, David E. and William G. Clarke. What Happened To Happily Ever After?
  • *Clarke, David E. What To Do When Your Spouse Says, “I Don’t Love You Anymore”: An Action Plan To Regain Confidence, Power and Control.
  • *Dobson, James. Love Must Be Tough: New Hope For Marriages In Crisis.
  • Gambola, Michael Scott. After an Affair: Pursuing Restoration.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard H. & Chalmers, Jennifer Harley. Surviving An Affair.
  • Jones, Robert D. Restoring Your Broken Marriage: Healing After Adultery.
  • *Kruger, Mellissa and Michael Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Smith, Winston T. Help! My Spouse Committed Adultery: First Steps for Dealing with Betrayal.
  • *Strobel, Lee & Leslie. Surviving A Spiritual Mismatch In Marriage.
  • *Summers, Mike. Help! My Spouse Has Been Unfaithful.

Web Resources For Marriage

www.5lovelanguages.com(Gary Chapman Resources for Marriage)

www.crown.org/(Founded by Larry Burkett – Excellent Financial Resources)

www.daveramsey.com/ (Resources for Dave Ramsey on Finances)

www.familylife.com (A Cru Ministry with Resources for Marriage and Parenting)

www.focusonthefamily.com (Founded by James Dobson – Marriage and Parenting)

www.loveandrespect.com (The Ministry of Emerson and Sarah Eggerichs)

www.marriagebuilders.com/(Ministry Resources of Dr. Willard F. Harley)

www.PaulTripp.com (Resources for Marriage and Parenting from Paul David Tripp)

www.smalleyinstitute.com (Resources from Gary and Greg Smalley on Marriage)

Biblical Manhood

  • Briscoe, Stuart. The One Year Devotions for Men with Stuart Briscoe.
  • Challies, Tim. Sexual Detox: A Guide for Guys Who Are Sick of Porn.
  • Challies, Tim. Run to Win: The Lifelong Pursuits of a Godly Man.
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Love Languages for Men: Tools for Making a Good Relationship Great.
  • Coekin, Richard. Men of God.
  • Crabb, Larry. Men of Courage: God’s Call to Move Beyond the Silence of Adam.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. The New Man: Becoming a Man After God’s Heart.
  • Evans, Tony. No More Excuses: Be the Man God Made You to Be.
  • Farrar, Steve. Tempered Steel: How God Shapes a Man’s Heart through Adversity.
  • *Foster, Michael. It’s Good To Be A Man: A Handbook for Godly Masculinity.
  • *Getz, Gene. The Measure of a Man: Twenty Attributes of a Godly Man.
  • Hanson, Brant. The Men We Need: God’s Purpose for the Manly Man, the Avid Indoorsman, or Any Man Willing to Show Up.
  • *Hughes, R. Kent. Disciplines of a Godly Man.
  • *Lambert, Heath. Finally Free (pornography).
  • MacDonald, Gordon. Ordering Your Private World.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven Men: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven More Men: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • *Morely, Patrick. How God Makes Men: Ten Epic Stories. Ten Proven Principles. One Huge Promise for Your Life.
  • *Morely, Patrick. The Man in the Mirror: Solving the 24 Problems Men Face.
  • *Ortlund, Ray. The Death of Porn: Men of Integrity Building a World of Nobility.
  • *Phillips, Richard D. The Masculine Mandate: God’s Calling to Men.
  • Rainey, Dennis. Stepping Up: A Call to Courageous Manhood.
  • Scott, Stuart. Biblical Manhood: Masculinity, Leadership and Decision.
  • *Smalley, Gary, Greg Salley, and Michael Smalley. Men’s Relational Toolbox.
  • Smith, Rhett. What it Means to be a Man: God’s Design for Us in a World Full of Extremes.
  • *Storms, Sam. Daily Strength: A Devotional for Men.
  • *Weber, Stu. Tender Warrior: Every Man’s Purpose, Every Woman’s Dream, Every Child’s Hope.
  • Wolgemuth, Robert. Lies Men Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free.

Being a Good Dad

  • *Beeke, Joel. How Should Men Lead Their Families?
  • Chandler, Matt and Adam Griffin. Family Discipleship: Leading Your Home Through Time, Moments, and Milestones.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Anchor Man: How a Father Can Anchor His Family in Christ for the Next 100 Years.
  • *Farrar, Steve. King Me: King Me: What Every Son Wants and Needs From His Father.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Point Man: How A Man Can Lead His Family.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Battle Ready: Prepare to Be Used by God.
  • *Farrar, Steve. God Built: Forged by God … in the Bad and Good of Life.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Real Valor: A Charge to Nurture and Protect Your Family.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Standing Tall: How a Man Can Protect His Family.
  • Fuller, John. First Time Dad: The Stuff You Really Need to Know.
  • Leman, Kevin. Be the Dad She Needs You to Be: The Indelible Imprint a Father Leaves on His Daughter’s Life.
  • *Lewis, Robert. Raising a Modern-Day Knight: A Father’s Role in Guiding His Son to Authentic Manhood.
  • Michael, David. A Father’s Guide to Blessing His Children (Family Discipleship).
  • *Smalley, Gary and John Trent. The Blessing.
  • Tyson, Jon. The Intentional Father: A Practical Guide to Raise Sons of Courage and Character.

Being a Good Husband

  • *Buzzard, Justin. Date Your Wife.
  • *Dobson, James. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Women.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. The Love & Respect Experience: A Husband-Friendly Devotional That Wives Truly Love.
  • *Evans, Tony. For Married Men Only: Three Principles for Loving Your Wife.
  • Howes, Ryan, Rupp, Richard, Simpson, Stephen W. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Sex: A Guide For Christian Men.
  • *Kruger, Michael and Melissa Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Mahaney, C.J. & Carol. Sex, Romance, And The Glory of God: What Every Christian Husband Needs To Know.
  • *Priolo, Lou. The Complete Husband: A Practical Guide for Improved Husbanding.
  • *Scott, Stuart. The Exemplary Husband: A Biblical Perspective.
  • *Smalley, Gary. If Only He Knew: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Wife.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Winning Your Wife Back Before It’s Too Late.
  • Weathers, Mark A. How to Pray for Your Wife: A 31-Day Guide.

Mid-Life Helps

  • Arterburn, Stephen. 6 Ways for Men to Thrive in Midlife.
  • Arterburn, Stephen. Midlife Manual for Men: Finding Significance in the Second Half.
  • *Buford, Bob. Finishing Well: The Adventure of Life Beyond Halftime.
  • *Buford, Bob. Halftime: Moving from Success to Significance.
  • Chester, Tim. You Can Change: God’s Transforming Power for Our Sinful Behavior and Negative Emotions.
  • Dunlop, John, MD. Finishing Well to the Glory of God: Strategies from a Christian Physician.
  • MacDonald, Gordon. Mid-Course Correction: Re-Ordering Your Private World for the Second Half of Life.
  • Peppin, Bruce. The Best Is Yet to Be: Moving Mountains in Midlife.
  • *Swenson MD, Richard. Margin: Restoring Emotional, Physical, Financial, and Time Reserves to Overloaded Lives.
  • *Tripp, Paul David. Lost in the Middle: MidLife and the Grace of God: Mid-Life Crisis and the Grace of God.
  • Wright, H. Norman. What’s Next?: Navigating Transitions to Make the Rest of Your Life Count.
  • Ziglar, Zig. Better Than Good: Creating a Life You Can’t Wait to Live.

Biblical Womanhood

  • *Dodds, Abigail. (A)Typical Woman: Free, Whole, and Called in Christ.
  • *Elliott, Elisabeth. Let Me Be A Woman.
  • *Elliott, Elisabeth. Passion and Purity: Learning to Bring Your Love Life Under Christ’s Control.
  • Furman, Gloria and Kathleen B. Nielsen. Word-Filled Women’s Ministry: Loving and Serving the Church.
  • *Haykin, Michael A. G. Eight Women of Faith.
  • *Hughes, Barbara. Disciplines of a Godly Woman.
  • *Hunt, Susan. By Design: God’s Distinctive Calling for Women.
  • *Hunt, Susan. The True Woman: The Beauty and Strength of a Godly Woman.
  • *Hunt, Susan. The Legacy of Biblical Womanhood.
  • *Hunt, Susan. Women’s Ministry in the Local Church.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Feminist Mistake: The Radical Impact of Feminism on Church and Culture.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Right Kind of Confident: The Remarkable Grit of a God-Fearing Woman.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Right Kind of Strong: Surprisingly Simple Habits of a Spiritually Strong Woman.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. 12 Faithful Women: Portraits of Steadfast Endurance.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. Growing Together: Taking Mentoring beyond Small Talk and Prayer Requests.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. Identity Theft: Reclaiming the Truth of our Identity in Christ.
  • Nielson, Kathleen. Women and God: Hard Questions, Beautiful Truth.
  • McLaughlin, Rebecca. Jesus though the Eyes of Women: How the First Female Disciples Help Us Know and Love the Lord.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven Women: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • Ortlund, Anne. Disciplines of the Beautiful Woman.
  • Ortlund, Jani. Fearlessly Feminine: Boldly Living God’s Plan for Womanhood.
  • *Peace, Martha. Becoming a Titus 2 Woman.
  • *Saffles, Gretchen. The Well-Watered Woman: Rooted in Truth, Growing in Grace, Flourishing in Faith.
  • *Scazzero, Geri. The Emotionally Healthy Woman: Eight Things You Have to Quit to Change Your Life.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Adorned: Living Out the Beauty of the Gospel Together.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Biblical Portrait of Womanhood: Discovering and Living Out God’s Plan for our Lives.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Lies Women Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free.

Being a Good Mom

  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Mother and Son: The Respect Effect.
  • *Engelsma, Esther. How Can I Feel Productive as a Mom?
  • *Ferrer, Hillary Morgan. Mama Bear Apologetics: Empowering Your Kids to Challenge Cultural Lies.
  • *Ferrer, Hillary Morgan. Mama Bear Apologetics: Guide to Sexuality: Empowering Your Kids to Understand and Live Out God’s Design.
  • Furman, Gloria. Labor with Hope: Gospel Meditations on Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Motherhood.
  • *Furman, Gloria. Missional Motherhood: The Everyday Ministry of Motherhood in the Grand Plan of God (The Gospel Coalition).
  • Furman, Gloria. Treasuring Christ When Your Hands Are Full: Gospel Meditations for Busy Moms.
  • Gresh, Dannah. A Mom’s Guide to Lies Girls Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free (Lies We Believe).
  • Halberstadt, Abbie. M Is for Mama: A Rebellion Against Mediocre Motherhood.
  • *Hunt, Susan. Spiritual Mothering: The Titus 2 Model for Women Mentoring Women.
  • Jensen, Emily and Laura Wifler. Risen Motherhood: Gospel Hope for Everyday Moments.
  • Leman, Kevin. What a Difference a Mom Makes: The Indelible Imprint a Mom Leaves on Her Son’s Life.
  • Wann, Liz. The End of Me: Finding Resurrection Life in the Daily Sacrifices of Motherhood.

Being a Good Wife

  • *Evans, Tony. For Married Women Only: Three Principles for Honoring Your Husband.
  • *Kruger, Michael and Melissa Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a New Husband by Friday: How to Change His Attitude, Behavior & Communication in 5 Days.
  • *Peace, Martha. The Excellent Wife: A Biblical Perspective.
  • *Smalley, Erin. *10 Things a Husband Needs from His Wife: Everyday Ways to Show Him Love.
  • *Smalley, Erin, Greg, and Gary. The Wholehearted Wife: 10 Keys to a More Loving Relationship.
  • *Smalley, Gary. For Better or Best: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Husband.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Winning Your Husband Back Before It’s Too Late.
  • Thomas, Gary L. Loving Him Well: Practical Advice On Influencing Your Husband.

Vocation and Calling

  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Languages of Appreciation in the Workplace: Empowering Organizations by Encouraging People.
  • Challies, Tim. Do More Better: A Practical Guide to Productivity.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. Work: Its Purpose, Dignity, and Transformation.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. Work That Makes a Difference.
  • *Grudem, Wayne. Business for the Glory of God: The Bible’s Teaching on the Moral Goodness of Business.
  • Guinness, Os. The Call: Finding and Fulfilling God’s Purpose for Your Life.
  • *Hamilton, James M. Work and Our Labor in the Lord. 
  • Kaemingk, Matthew and Cory B. Willson. Work and Worship: Reconnecting Our Labor and Liturgy.
  • *Keller, Timothy. Every Good Endeavor: Connecting Your Work to God’s Work.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus At Work.
  • *Nelson, Tom. Work Matters: Connecting Sunday Worship to Monday Work.
  • O’Donnell, Michaela. Make Work Matter: Your Guide to Meaningful Work in a Changing World.
  • Perman, Matt. What’s Best Next: How the Gospel Transforms the Way You Get Things Done.
  • Rodin, R. Scott. Stewards in the Kingdom: A Theology of Life in All Its Fullness.
  • Smith, Gordon T. Consider Your Calling: Six Questions for Discerning Your Vocation.
  • Stevens, R. Paul and Tom Force. Aging Matters: Finding Your Calling for the Rest of Your Life.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Doing God’s Business: Meaning and Motivation for the Marketplace.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. The Other Six Days: Vocation, Work, and Ministry in Biblical Perspective.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Taking Your Soul to Work: Overcoming the Nine Deadly Sins of the Workplace.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Work Matters: Lessons from Scripture.
  • Palmer, Parker J. Let Your Life Speak: Listening for the Voice of Vocation.
  • Pennings, Ray. How Can I Serve God at Work?
  • *Veith, Gene Edward Jr. God at Work: Your Christian Vocation in All of Life.

Relational Help

  • Brauns, Chris. Unpacking Forgiveness: Biblical Answers for Complex Questions and Deep Wounds.
  • Chapman, Gary. Anger: Taming a Powerful Emotion.
  • Clinton, Tim and Gary Sibcy. Why You Do the Things You Do: The Secret to Healthy Relationships.
  • Cloud, Henry and John Townsend. Boundaries: When to Say YES, When to say NO To Take Control of Your Life.
  • Crabb, Larry. Connecting: Healing Ourselves and Our Relationships.
  • Crabb, Larry. Understanding People: Why We Long for Relationship.
  • Crabtree, Sam. Practicing Affirmation: God-Centered Praise of Those Who Are Not God.
  • Crabtree, Sam. Practicing Thankfulness: Cultivating a Grateful Heart in All Circumstances.
  • Dykas, Ellen Mary. Toxic Relationships: Taking Refuge in Christ (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Gifford, Greg. Heart & Habits: How We Change for Good.
  • Ingram, Chip and Becca Johnson. Overcoming Emotions that Destroy: Practical Help for Those Angry Feelings That Ruin Relationships.
  • Jones, Robert D. Pursuing Peace: A Christian Guide to Handling Our Conflicts.
  • *Kendall, R.T. Controlling the Tongue: Mastering the What, When, and Why of the Words You Speak.
  • *Kendall, R.T. Total Forgiveness.
  • Kassian, Mary. Conversation Peace: Improving Your Relationships One Word at a Time.
  • Lane, Timothy S., and Paul David Tripp. How People Change.
  • Lane, Timothy S., and Paul David Tripp. Relationships: A Mess Worth Making.
  • Lane, Timothy S. Unstuck: A Nine-Step Journey To Change That Lasts.
  • Lutzer, Erwin. When You’ve Been Wronged: Moving From Bitterness to Forgiveness.
  • Marshall, Cheryl and Caroline Newheiser. When Words Matter Most: Speaking Truth with Grace to Those You Love.
  • Maxwell, John. Be A People Person: Effective Leadership Through Effective Relationships.
  • Miller, Paul E. A Loving Life: In a World of Broken Relationships.
  • *Powlison, David. Good and Angry: Redeeming Anger, Irritation, Complaining, and Bitterness.
  • Priolo, Lou. Bitterness: The Root That Pollutes (Resources for Biblical Living).
  • *Priolo, Lou. Pleasing People: How not to be an “approval junkie.”
  • Rainer, Thom S. and Art Rainer. Simple Life: Time, Relationships, Money, God.
  • Robinson, Jeff. Taming the Tongue: How The Gospel Transforms Our Talk.
  • Satrom, Hayley. Forgiveness: Reflecting God’s Mercy (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • *Sande, Ken and Kevin Johnson. Resolving Everyday Conflict
  • *Scazzero, Peter. Emotionally Healthy Spirituality: It’s Impossible to Be Spiritually Mature, While Remaining Emotionally Immature.
  • Smalley, Gary. The DNA of Relationships: Discover How You Are Designed for Satisfying Relationships.
  • Smith, William P. How To Love Difficult People: Receiving and Sharing God’s Mercy.
  • Townsend, John. Boundaries in Marriage: Understanding the Choices That Make or Break Loving Relationships.
  • Tripp, Paul David. Instruments in the Redeemer’s Hands: People in Need of Change Helping People in Need of Change.
  • Viars, Stephen. Overcoming Bitterness: Moving from Life’s Greatest Hurts to a Life Filled with Joy.
  • Viars, Stephen. Putting Your Past in Its Place: Moving Forward in Freedom and Forgiveness.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Blame It On The Brain: Distinguishing Chemical Imbalances, Brain Disorders, and Disobedience.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Caring for One Another: 8 Ways to Cultivate Meaningful Relationships.
  • *Welch, Edward T. A Small Book about a Big Problem: Meditations on Anger, Patience, and Peace.
  • *Welch, Edward T. A Small Book about Why We Hide: How Jesus Rescues Us from Insecurity, Regret, Failure, and Shame.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Side by Side: Walking with Others in Wisdom and Love.
  • *Welch, Edward T. When People Are Big and God is Small: Overcoming Peer Pressure, Codependency, and the Fear of Man (Resources for Changing Lives).
  • Whitman, Lauren. A Painful Past: Healing and Moving Forward (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Wytsma, Ken. Redeeming How We Talk: Discover How Communication Fuels Our Growth, Shapes Our Relationships, and Changes Our Lives.

Families

  • Anthony, Michael and Michelle Anthony. A Theology for Family Ministry.
  • Anthony, Michelle. Becoming a Spiritually Healthy Family: Avoiding the 6 Dysfunctional Parenting Styles. 
  • *Beeke, Joel. How Should Men Lead Their Families?
  • Chandler, Matt and Adam Griffin. Family Discipleship: Leading Your Home Through Time, Moments, and Milestones.
  • Chapman, Gary and Shannon Warden. The DIY Guide to Building a Family that Lasts: 12 Tools for Improving Your Home Life.
  • Chapman, Gary. The Family You’ve Always Wanted: Five Ways You Can Make It Happen.
  • Chester Tim. Gospel-Centered Family.
  • Earley, Justin Whitmel. Habits of the Household: Practicing the Story of God in Everyday Family Rhythms.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Love and Respect in the Family: The Respect Parents Desire; The Love Children Need.
  • Elliot, Elisabeth. The Shaping of a Christian Family: How My Parents Nurtured My Faith.
  • Hughes, Kent and Barbara. Disciplines of a Godly Family.
  • Jones, Timothy Paul. Family Ministry Field Guide: How Your Church Can Equip Parents to Make Disciples.
  • Jones, Timothy Paul, ed. Perspectives on Family Ministry: Three Views.
  • *Kostenberger, Andreas J. God, Marriage, and Family: Rebuilding the Biblical Foundation.
  • Kimmel, Tim. Grace-Based Parenting: Set Your Family Tree.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a Happy Family by Friday: How to Improve Communication, Respect & Teamwork in 5 Days.
  • *Lewis, Robert. Real Family Values: Leading Your Family into the 21st Century with Clarity and Conviction.
  • *Newman, Randy. Bringing the Gospel Home: Witnessing to Family Members, Close Friends, and Others Who Know You Well.
  • Powell, Kara and Steven Argue. Growing With: Every Parent’s Guide to Helping Teenagers and Young Adults Thrive in Their Faith, Family, and Future.
  • Powell, Kara. The Sticky Faith Guide for Your Family: Over 100 Practical and Tested Ideas to Build Lasting Faith in Kids.
  • *Sande, Ken. Peacemaking for Families: A Biblical Guide to Managing Conflict in Your Home.
  • *Schaeffer, Edith. What is a Family?
  • *Smalley, Gary and John Trent. The Blessing: Giving the Gift of Unconditional Love and Acceptance.
  • Whitney, Donald S. Family Worship: In the Bible, In History, and In Your Home.

*9 Tips For One on One Discipleship by Chelsea Knight

“Discipling” someone is, to use a more recognizable term, mentoring someone in how to follow Christ and share the good news that people can have a relationship with God. It is an exciting process to be a part of because you get to help another person grow in their faith. Not only that, but when you disciple someone, you grow in your own faith and get to create a unique bond with the person you disciple. It is a step of faith to disciple another person.

“Disciple” means “student.” All followers of Christ are disciples of Christ if they seek to learn from Him and about Him. You can do this by reading your Bible, praying, or finding a church to belong to. But disciples of Jesus also need others to help them along their spiritual journeys. That’s where an intentional discipleship relationship comes in. Someone who is mentored by another Christian in how to follow Christ and share the good news that people can have a relationship with God is called a “disciple.”

Jesus led His own ministry by discipling people. In fact, one of the last things Jesus said to His followers was, “Go and make disciples” (Matt 28:19, New International Version). I would imagine they were eager and willing to follow through, but I wonder if some of them thought, “How do we do that?” This is a question many are asking today.

When Jesus commissioned His followers to “make disciples,” He was asking them to do a wide range of things that Jesus followers still do today, including evangelism, teaching, preaching and other kinds of ministry. When Jesus followers talk about “discipling” someone, they often mean the kind of close, personal mentoring that Jesus had with the 12 in particular. This page lays out for you what it means to disciple someone like this and what practical steps you can take.

Discipling is an adventure. Welcome to the journey.

 What Does It Mean to Disciple Someone?

Discipling someone is something every Jesus follower can do. How can you incorporate it into your life? Start by understanding what it means.

To disciple someone is to spend dedicated time with, pray for, build a friendship with and intentionally teach them how to grow in their faith. Typically, a discipling relationship will have one person who has been a Christian for a longer time mentoring someone who has been a Christian for a shorter time. It’s a strategy God created to help humans build relationships with Him. He knows that we need community to grow; we cannot do that on our own.

If you would like a more comprehensive understanding of discipleship, read “What is Discipleship?”

The Bible is full of many different stories of discipleship. Three verses in particular help explain what it means.

1. “I have called you friends, for everything that I learned from My Father I have made known to you.” (John 15:15, NIV)

Jesus said these words to His own disciples. He had 12 friends He spent the majority of His time with, and He taught them everything they needed to know to have a relationship with God. It is pretty amazing to think that everything Jesus learned from God the Father, He taught to His friends. This is an important part of discipleship: Disciplers make God and the gospel clear to their disciples. How can you pass on to your disciple the things God has taught you? 

2. “[Jesus] also told them a parable: ‘Can a blind man lead a blind man? Will they not both fall into a pit? A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone when he is fully trained will be like his teacher.’” (Luke 6:39-40, English Standard Version)

The 12 men Jesus invested in had to work through many problems. They were filled with anger, self-righteousness, impulsivity, fear and doubt, just to name a few. Who they were at the beginning of being discipled is not who they were at the end. This is an encouraging verse. Anyone, no matter their flaws, can experience real change as they seek to follow Jesus and as trusted mentors help in that process. 

3. “And the things you have heard me say in the presence of many witnesses entrust to reliable people who will also be qualified to teach others.” (2 Timothy 2:2, New International Version)

Paul, a disciple-maker in the early church who wrote much of the Bible’s New Testament, said this to his disciple Timothy. Paul trained Timothy; he now wants Timothy to train reliable people, and he wants those people to train others. This is called “spiritual multiplication.” Are you hoping to disciple someone who has the leadership potential to disciple others? This is a good question to pray about as you consider discipling someone. 

What is encouraging about discipleship is that you do not need to be a perfect Christian to disciple. In fact, before God radically impacted his life, Paul was terrorizing Christians in his city and was even traveling to other cities to do so because he hated them so much. Through God working in him, Paul and his disciples spread the gospel all over the world. God can use anyone, and He would love to use you. You do not have to know everything. You just need to keep taking the next best step.

 Why Are Discipling Relationships So Important?

Imagine what you might say if you had one last chance to speak to your best friend. Would you say you loved them? Would you reminisce? What’s astounding is that when Jesus had His last moments with His friends, who now numbered 11 because one of them had betrayed Jesus, He challenged them to make disciples.

Then the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to go. When they saw Him, they worshiped Him; but some doubted. Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.” (Matthew 28:16-20, NIV)

This is called the Great Commission, and it is the most well-known Bible passage on discipleship. Jesus believed in discipleship so much that He commanded His followers to spend their lives teaching others to follow Him. These 11 men would go on to take the message about Jesus to places it had never been. They trained up churches in biblical truth, and they made more disciples so those people could also help fulfill the Great Commission.

Currently, the Great Commission has not yet been fulfilled. There are still groups of people who have not heard the life-changing message of Jesus. This means that the command to make disciples is still true for Christians today. How is God asking you to step in and help fulfill the Great Commission?

Discipling others is extremely important. Incorporating it into your life will bless you and the people whom you disciple.

9 Tips for Discipling Someone

When you meet with a disciple, there are some universal principles of discipleship that can always be incorporated into a meeting. You need to build your personal relationship with each other, read the Bible together and do some sort of ministry together. Not all of this has to happen in every meeting, but they should each be happening regularly.

In light of this, here are nine tips to help you begin discipling:

1. Pray Often

This is not to be underestimated. Prayer will help you discern what God wants you to teach your disciple; it will help you feel connected to your disciple and it will keep you reliant on the Lord. As a discipler, you may feel like you are the one in control of your disciple. Prayer is a reminder that the Lord is in control and your job is simply to be faithful to what God is asking you to do.

What to pray for:

  • Who God is leading you to disciple.
  • Wisdom for how to disciple.
  • Prayer requests from your disciple.
  • The Holy Spirit to fill you.

Make prayer a component of your discipleship time each week. Teach your disciple about prayer, pray together and pray for each other. Prayer walking is a great way to engage in a different way of praying while also spending time together.

2. Be Filled With the Holy Spirit

Ask the Holy Spirit to fill you every day. That’s right: Seek the Holy Spirit every single day. Make it a daily habit to be empowered and led by the Holy Spirit. This will increase your dependence on Christ and teach you to listen to His voice above any other. “Collaborative Discipleship” and “The Holy Spirit Resource Kit” are great resources you can read to understand the Holy Spirit. Incorporate them into discipleship too. The way to live as a Christian is by being filled with the Holy Spirit. This is invaluable for you and your disciple to learn together.

3. Find Your Vision

Ask yourself some questions:

  • Why do I want to disciple?
  • What type of person do I want to disciple?
  • Where am I already influencing people? Is there anyone in this group whom God is leading me to disciple?

When you know your why, it propels you forward. Having a clear vision for who you are discipling and why motivates you to keep doing it. It gives you passion and clarity, and that makes the Great Commission come alive in a new way.

4. Invest in Current and New Friendships

If you are not sure who to disciple, start by investing in the people around you.

Do two things:

  1. Spend intentional time with your good friends.
  2. Make the most of your time with the people you see every day.

Are there neighbors you want to get to know better? Co-workers you want to have a spiritual conversation with? Acquaintances in your classes you can grab coffee with? Ask God to show you who you can invest in. Usually, a discipleship relationship happens with people who are already in your life.

5. Ask Someone

Once you have clarity from God about who to disciple, simply ask them. “Collaborative Discipleship” has an article you can read with that person that describes what discipleship is. If you are ready to disciple but are not sure where to start, spend time reading through the other articles on the website. It offers helpful ideas and pre-planned outlines you can look through.

6. Be Curious

Be curious about others. Ask good questions. This is a skill everyone should grow in, but it helps so much with discipleship. When you are genuinely curious about your disciple, you will be a learner of them. This is a great mindset to have because it helps you make next steps with them. Get to know your disciple. Find out what they like/dislike. Ask them how they are doing in their relationship with God. Ask them what their sin struggles are. Find out what their families are like.

One way to start discipleship well is by sharing your testimonies with each other. Share your family history, the high times of your life, the hard times you’ve experienced, your personal heroes, and the hand of God in your life. Make note of what your disciple says, and refer back to their stories as you continue meeting.

7. Read the Bible

Opening God’s Word when you meet with your disciple is one of the best things you can do. You can read a book of the Bible together, do a word study together, or have daily devotions together. You can make your Bible time as creative as you want. If you are not sure where to start, Cru has dozens of Bible studies you can download for free.

8. Share Your Faith

Sharing your faith fits into the ministry component of discipleship. You and your disciple will benefit immensely from having spiritual conversations with the people in your lives. If you are not sure how to do that, read some of Cru’s resources on evangelism. Brainstorm together: Who do you want to have a spiritual conversation with? What is one step you can take to make that happen? Sharing your faith with others can lead to more discipleship relationships for both you and your disciple.

9. Do Life Together

The way you normally build a friendship is how you can build a friendship with your disciple. Go on walks, work out together, watch a TV show together, grab coffee with each other. Do the normal, everyday things with each other. Also, do not underestimate the power of simply laughing together. Memories are what keep people connected. The more your discipling relationship is characterized by real friendship, the more effective your discipling will be.

Next Steps

Discipleship is how people are going to walk with Jesus for a lifetime. It may seem daunting, it may seem challenging, it may seem nerve-wracking. But it is so worth it.

To explore resources you could use when you are discipling someone, check out “Adult Discipleship Resources” and “Collaborative Discipleship” on Cru.org.

*Article adapted from cru.org 

Some Problems With Darwinistic or Naturalistic Evolution

SERIES #’S 3-6: October 9, 16, 23, & November 6,  2022 – Pastor David Craig

Josef Tson, a Romanian Baptist pastor imprisoned for his faith under the communist regime, said: “I came to the conclusion that there are two factors which destroyed Christianity in Western Europe. One was the theory of evolution, the other, liberal theology … Liberal theology is just evolution applied to the Bible and our faith.” ~ Quoted in 15 Reasons to Take Genesis as History by Don Batten & Jonathan Sarfati

Michael Denton, author of a fascinating book titled Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, wrote: “The voyage on The Beagle [Darwin’s ship on which he set sail from England in 1831] was a journey of awesome significance. Its object was to survey Patagonia; its result was to shake the foundations of western thought. The Origin of the Species [which followed] has been referred to as “one of the most important books ever written” [it is because it seeks to shake the foundation of the most important book ever written – The Bible]. As far as Christianity was concerned, the advent of the theory of evolution and the elimination of traditional teleological thinking was catastrophic.”

Thomas Huxley, probably the most famous proponent of evolution who ever lived, stated, “It is clear that the doctrine of evolution is directly antagonistic to that of Creation. . . . Evolution, if consistently accepted, makes it impossible to believe the Bible.”

William Provine of Cornell University stated in a debate, “If Darwinism is true, he said, then there are five inescapable conclusions: there’s no evidence for God there’s no life after death there’s no absolute foundation for right and wrong there’s no ultimate meaning for life people don’t really have free will.”

“It is well known that Karl Marx asked Darwin to write the introduction to Das Kapital, since he felt that Darwin had provided a scientific foundation for communism. Throughout this century, all over the world, those who pushed the communist conspiracy also pushed an evolutionary, imperialistic, naturalistic view of life, endeavoring to crowd the Creator right out of the cosmos.” ~ Quoted in Why I Believe by D. James Kennedy

Oxford evolutionist Richard Dawkins said: “The more you understand the significance of evolution, the more you are pushed away from an agnostic position and towards atheism.” ~ Quoted in The Case for a Creator: A Journalist Investigates Scientific Evidence That Points Toward God by Lee Strobel

“Many layers of error have been built on the faulty foundation of evolutionism. Humanism is the natural result. If God is not central in all our thinking, then man must be. Atheism is humanism’s twin brother, and consistent evolutionists cannot logically believe in the personal God of the Bible, the God who is the Creator of all life. Abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia are logical behaviors for those who have so easily disposed of the image of God in the eternal soul of man. The concept of a resurrected body and eternal life is also a casualty of this evil philosophy. The average person neither knows nor cares much about the error of evolution, and yet his or her life is constantly being influenced by it. Pornography, adultery, divorce, homosexuality, premarital sex, the destruction of the nuclear family—all are weeds that have grown from Satan’s big lie about the universe. We are now on the verge of adopting full-fledged animalism in human practice—promiscuity, vandalism, hedonism, even incipient cannibalism. Even the Holocaust is “explained” by evolution. Hitler’s extermination of the Jews grew out of his desire to speed up the evolutionary process.” ~ David Jeremiah in Henry Morris, The Long War Against God 

Some Key Problems With Darwinian/Naturalisitc Evolution

  • Darwinian evolution is based on a hopelessly illogical premise, the concept of spontaneous generation, or life arising from non-living matter.
  • If Darwinian evolution were true we should literally find millions of transitional forms in the fossil record, but the missing links are still missing.
  • Darwinists claim that natural selection is evidence of macroevolution. However, natural selection, which is basic science, simply demonstrates change within species or microevolution.
  • Critiquing Darwinism does not make a person anti-science. We all share the same scientific evidence. The question is, what theory or interpretive framework best explains the evidence? (Ron Carlson, Christian Ministries International)

Synopsis of 6 Big Problems with Evolution:

(1) Scientists today generally agree that the universe had a beginning. This implies the existence of a Beginner or Creator (Hebrews 3:4, “For every house is built by someone, but the builder of all things is God.”).

(2) The universe is so perfectly fine-tuned for life on earth, it must have come from the hands of an intelligent Designer ([God] Romans 1:20 & Psalm 19:1, “For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse….The heavens declare the glory of God, and the sky above proclaims his handiwork”).

(3) If evolution were true, the fossil records would reveal progressively complex evolutionary forms with transitions. However, no transitional links (with species forming into different species) have been discovered in the fossil records.

(4) Evolution assumes a long series of positive and upward mutations. In almost all known cases, however, mutations are not beneficial but are harmful to living beings. This is a huge problem for evolution.

(5) The Second Law of thermodynamics, which has never been contradicted in observable nature, says that in an isolated system (like our universe), the natural course of things is degenerate. The universe is running down, not evolving upward. In a closed, isolated system, the amount of useable energy decreases. That is, matter and energy deteriorate gradually over time. Also, things tend to move from order to disorder, not the reverse.

(6) Evolutionists often make false claims. Some have claimed that scientific evidence confirms that evolution is true. They generally appeal to the fact that mutations do occur within species (microevolution). But an incredible leap of logic is required to say that mutations within species prove that mutations can yield entirely new species (macroevolution). Two dogs cannot produce a cat! (Ron Rhodes, 5-Minute Apologetics for Today)

Sir Arthur Keith said: “Evolution is unproved and unprovable. We believe it because the only alternative is special creation, which is unthinkable.”

“Essentially, mankind has only two choices. Either we have evolved out of the slime and can be explained strictly in the materialistic sense, meaning that we are made of nothing but the material, or we have been made on a heavenly pattern.” ~ Douglas F. Kelly, Creation & Change: Genesis 1:1-2.4 in the Light of Changing Scientific Paradigms 

“It is absurd for the evolutionists to complain that it’s unthinkable for an admittedly unthinkable God to make everything out of nothing and then pretend it is more thinkable that nothing should turn itself into anything.” ~ C.K. Chesterton

How Did the Universe Come to Be? The opening line of Genesis puts it succinctly: “In the beginning God created the heavens and earth” (1:1). The Bible teaches that through an act of God the temporal creation of the universe came from nothing (ex nihilo).

CREATORCREATION
UncreatedCreated
NecessaryContingent
EternalTemporal
InfiniteFinite
ChangelessChanging

Christianity teaches that God is the Originating Cause (Eph. 3:9) who created the space-time universe and is also the Sustaining Cause that keeps everything together (Col. 1:17). Moses declared, “For in six days the LORD made the heavens and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but He rested on the seventh day” (Exodus 20:11).

According to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), a German philosopher and mathematician, everything that exists has a cause for its existence. We know the universe exists and didn’t get here on its own. God is the necessary being who produces external causes that don’t exist necessarily because they are contingent on something greater than their own existence.

But there are two other options: (1) Naturalism teaches that nothing created the universe—it just came to be with no real explanation. (2) Pantheism teaches that God and the universe are one and eternally the same. The problem with naturalism is that it holds to a contradictory claim that nothing created something created itself. But this is fundamentally irrational. Pantheism, on the other hand, is fundamentally flawed because it identifies the universe as eternal, when the Second Law of Thermodynamics proves that wrong.

To know there is a God who created the universe and controls all things ought to give you great comfort. Evolutionists attempt to rule out a Creator, but thankfully as a Christian, you know God as a personal Creator, and we are made in His image. (See Genesis 1-2; Job 26:10; Isaiah 40:22; John 1:3; Colossians 1:17; Hebrews 1:3).

Is Evolution a Viable Option? Although macroevolution is the dominant scientific theory taught in schools and upheld in academia, the majority of the public still holds to a belief in creation. But how is this possible? How is it that the majority of people still don’t buy into the explanation of evolution? We will provide three essential flaws to the theory of evolution, but first, here’s evolution in a nutshell:

Evolution (common ancestry) is simply defined as a gradual development of simple life forms into more complex life forms brought about by natural processes. Thus, for evolution to be a viable option, it must be able to explain (1) the origin of the universe, (2) the origin of first life, and (3) the origin of new life forms.

  1. the origin of the universe: According to cosmic evolution, the universe just popped into existence. Though evolutionists now admit the universe had a beginning, they deny and designed cause or purpose behind the existence of the universe. Thus, evolution offers no real explanation for the existence of an incredibly big and complex universe.
  1. the origin of first life: Biological evolutionists teach that a primordial soup (simple organic chemicals) produced the first life a few billion years ago as the earth was shaped, formed, and cooled down. But the earth had to be incredibly fine-tuned from the start in order for the necessary and specific conditions to be balanced precisely to produce life. Some evolutionists even speculate that life arose on another planet and was transported here. But this is simply speculation; there is no real evidence for it. Further, if life arose elsewhere, the same problem exists, namely, that non life does not produce life.

(3) the origin of new life forms: Evolution teaches that certain genetic mutations occurred among species that eventually caused them to transition into completely new species with all new genetic information. This is known as macroevolution. The evolutionist bases this idea on observing slight changes or modifications in species within their environment (microevolution). Yet, macroevolution is a huge leap from the slight modifications that we witness and has absolutely no evidence to support it. What we do observe and can verify is that there is a single common ancestor of humankind (Adam and Eve). Humans beget humans and dogs beget dogs (Gen. 1:21-24). Thus, evolutionists make unwarranted claims that have never been proven that different species emanated from a single cell, or common ancestry.

“The positive evidence for Darwinism is confined to small-scale evolutionary changes like insects developing insecticide resistance…Evidence like that for insecticide resistance confirms the Darwinian selection mechanism for small-scale changes, but hardly warrants the grand extrapolation that Darwinists want. It is a huge leap going from insects developing insecticide resistance via the Darwinian mechanism of natural selection and random variation to the very emergence of insects in the first place by the same mechanism.” ~ William Dembski

“Natural selection may be able to explain survival of a species, but it cannot explain the arrival of a species.” ~ Norman L. Geisler 

Most revealing is that Darwin himself admitted, in his book Origin of Species (written in 1859), to the lack of evidence for “intermediate links” in the fossil record. The fossil evidence (as a whole) is even greater than in Darwin’s day, and yet it still does not show evidence of macroevolution. What the fossil record does show, however, are fully formed and fully functional species. This confirms the obvious: transitional forms cannot survive with missing or evolving parts, especially considering survival of the fittest. 

“Just because something is unseen doesn’t mean it’s not real. There are many unseen realities that scientists use every day, such as the laws of logic, the laws of mathematics, the laws of nature, their minds, and so forth. And scientists infer from the effects they do see to causes they don’t see. John Lennox observes, ‘Postulating an unobserved Designer is no more unscientific than postulating unobserved macroevolutionary steps.” ~ Frank Turek

Someone may ask, “What about Archaeopteryx?” Isn’t this a great example of a transitional species from a feathered dinosaur to modern birds? The problem with Archaeopteryx is that it’s not a transitional life form that evolved from reptile to bird. Rather, Archaeopteryx appears in the fossil record as a fully developed bird. Thus, Archaeopteryx is not a missing link between birds and reptiles. It’s a bird. 

In the end, what the evidence points to is a designer who created a good design and applied it to various other species to gain the best results.

When talking to evolutionists, make sure not to assume what they believe, and don’t allow them to make up evidence in support of evolution. Some great questions to ask evolutionists are:

  • What do you mean by evolution?
  • If there is no God, why is there something rather than nothing?
  • Where did the first life come from?
  • Doesn’t there have to be preexisting life for life to exist?
  • What caused nonliving chemicals to produce life?
  • How did non intelligent matter produce intelligent life?

See Genesis 1-2; 5:1-3; Psalms 8; 33; Isaiah 42:5-9; Acts 17:26; Romans 1:20-27; 2 Peter 3:3-6.

Did God use Evolution as His method of creation? Under the banner of ‘theistic evolution,’ a growing number of Christians maintain that God used evolution as his method for creation. It is one thing to believe in evolution; it is quite another thing to blame God for it.

First, the biblical account of creation specifically states that God created living creatures according to their own “kinds” (Genesis 1:24-25). As confirmed by science, the DNA for a fetus is not the DNA for a frog, and the DNA for a frog is not the DNA for a fish. Rather, the DNA of a fetus, frog, or fish is uniquely programmed for reproduction after its own kind. Thus, while Scripture and science allow for microevolution (transitions within “the kinds”), they do not allow for macroevolution (amoebas evolving into areas or apes evolving into humans).

Furthermore, evolution is the cruelest, most inefficient system for creation imaginable. Perhaps Nobel Prize-winning evolutionist Jacques Monod put it best: “The struggle for life and elimination of the weakest is a horrible process, against which our whole modern ethic revolts.” Indeed, says Monod, “I am surprised that a Christian would defend the idea that this is the process which God more or less set up in order to have evolution.”

Finally, theistic evolution is a contradiction in terms—like the phrase flaming snowflakes. God can no more direct an undirected process than he can create a square circle. Yet this is precisely what theistic evolution presupposes. Evolutionism is fighting for its very life. Rather than prop it up with theories such as theistic evolution, thinking people everywhere must be on the vanguard of demonstrating its demise.

“From one man he made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he determined the times set for them and the exact places where they should live. God did this so that men would seek him and perhaps reach out for him and find him, though he is not far from each one of us.” ~ Acts 17:26-27

Is it Possible for a Protein Molecule to Come into Existence by Chance? Evolutionary theory concerning how the first organized form of primitive life evolved hardly corresponds to reality.

First, there is not the slightest evidence for an evolutionary sequence among the unimaginably varied cells existing on our planet.

Furthermore, no living system can rightly be called primitive with respect to any other. Consider, for example, that life at bare minimum demands no fewer than 250 different kinds of protein molecules.

Finally, giving the evolutionary process every possible concession, the probability of arranging a simple protein molecule by chance is estimated to be one chance in 10[161] (that’s a 1 followed by 161 zeros). For a frame of reference, consider the fact that there are only 10[80] (that’s a 1 followed by 80 zeros) atoms in the entire known universe.

If in time a protein molecule were eventually formed by chance, forming a second one would be infinitely more difficult. As such, the science of statistical probability demonstrates that forming a protein molecule by random processes is not only improbable, it is impossible—and forming a cell or a chimp, beyond illustration. “The fool says in his heart, ‘There is no God.’” ~ Psalm 14:1

Sir Fred Hoyle, one of the world’s leading astronomers and mathematicians, said before the British Academy of Science: “The probability of life arising by chance is the same probability as throwing a six on a dice five million consecutive times.”

The Fossil Record: Historically, the most convincing evidence for evolution is the fossil record. Evolutionists claim that the fossil record displays a gradual evolution of animal and plant life from primitive forms to complex forms with transitional phases between major classes (e.g., between fish and amphibians, amphibians and reptiles, reptiles and birds, and so on).

But this scenario has no support. There is no evidence that complex life forms evolve from primitive life forms because no such transitional species between any of these groups of animals have ever been found in the tons of fossil-bearing rock recovered over the past one hundred thirty years. Textbook drawings of transitional species are simply artists’ conceptions of what they think such animals would look like if they did exist. All the major groups of animals are distinct from one another throughout the fossil record, and their particular characteristics are fully formed and functional when they first appear. For example, when feathers and wings first show up, they are fully formed feathers and wings. No part-leg/part-wing or part-scale/ part-feather fossils have ever been found. What use would a part-leg/ part-wing have anyway? According to evolution, for any trait to be passed along, it must have survival value. Certainly a part-leg/part-wing would have no survival value to either a reptile or a bird. In fact, it would likely be a detriment.

On the other hand, the creationist model explains the absence of transitional species. The Bible teaches that God created living creatures “after their kind” (Gen. 1:24). This can be interpreted to mean that God created all the original kinds of animals with specific “gene pools” that contained all of the genetic potential needed for each type of animal to produce diverse varieties within its own kind. For example, the canine family probably arose from an original created kind. From the first dog, all the various wild and domestic dogs on earth developed. But this is not evolution in the sense that modern canines evolved from some pre-dog ancestor. Rather, the original created dog-kind developed, through adaption to diverse environmental conditions, into the numerous forms of dogs we see today. This process is called microevolution, which is not one species evolving from a more primitive species but a created kind fulfilling its full genetic potential within the limits of its original gene pool. Both extinct and modern canines have always been just dogs. In the fossil record, there has never been a half dog/half cat or half dog/half some other animal. There has always been just dogs.

Natural selection within created gene pools accounts for every change seen in every kind of animal on earth, extinct or modern. All the illustrations given by evolutionists to prove evolution are in reality no more than adaptions within specific gene pools. Science has never seen in nature or observed in a laboratory one species of animal evolve into another. When cockroaches become resistant to a pesticide, it does not represent the evolution of a new species of cockroach. Rather it illustrates natural selection within the cockroach gene pool, allowing insects already resistant to a particular pesticide because of their existing genetic makeup to become dominant within a population of cockroaches. But the new breed of resistant cockroaches are still cockroaches.

“The extreme rarity of transitional forms in the fossil record persists as the trade secret of paleontology. The evolutionary trees that adorn our textbooks have data only at the tips and nodes of their branches; the rest is inference, however reasonable, not the evidence of fossils.” ~ Stephen Jay Gould 

Professor Louis T. More, one of the most vocal evolutionists: “The more one studies paleontology [the fossil record], the more certain one becomes that evolution is based on faith alone.” 

“We have never observed evolution in the fossil record, and we have never observed evolution in the natural world. Evolution is a theory that exists only in the imaginations of evolutionists.” ~ Ron Carlson, Fast Facts on False Teachings 

Mutations: A second important argument used to support evolution focuses on mutations. Evolutionists argue that the mechanism by which one species evolves into another is through genetic mutations. The idea goes something like this. Through a genetic foul-up, a species of animal is born with a new trait that aids its survival. For instance, an animal is born with a deformed ear that actually allows that animal to hear an approaching predator better than others of his species. Because this characteristic is beneficial, that particular animal survives to pass on the trait to its offspring, which in turn benefit from the same trait and pass it on to their offspring. Eventually, after millions of years and countless generations, the animals with the more efficient hearing dominate the species, and what was once a deformity is now part of the genetic makeup of all the animals within that particular species. Evolutionists teach that with vast amounts of time, thousands of these tiny mutations can eventually give rise to an entirely new species of animal. Thus accidental mutations plus long time spans plus natural selection (“survival of the fittest”) result in the continual emergence of new species of animals.

The flaw in this theory is twofold. First, in practically every known case, a mutation is not beneficial but harmful to an animal and usually kills it. A deformity lessens the survival potential of an animal—it does not strengthen it. And even if there are “good” mutations, the tremendous number of bad mutations would overwhelm the fewer number of good ones. What one would expect to see, if mutations were passed along to future generations, is a tendency for a species to degenerate and eventually become extinct, not evolve upward to a new or better species.

The second flaw in the mutation theory is that the time needed for a primitive animal to evolve into a higher animal through random mutational changes is mathematically impossible. The problem lies in the fact that there must be a series of both related mutations and subsequent mutations that are complementary to one another. A new trait does not evolve in one generation. For a deer to evolve greater speed requires not only that it slowly, over countless generations, develops more powerful legs but that corresponding mutations in other areas of its body must also take place at the same time. To run faster, more efficient circulation, heart, lungs, and so on are needed. Creationist Dr. Gary Parker explains that the chances of getting three related mutations in a row is one in a billion trillion (1021). To illustrate the odds of this, he states that “the ocean isn’t big enough to hold enough bacteria to make it likely for you to find a bacterium with three simultaneous or sequential related mutations.” Moreover, the time that would be needed for enough mutations to occur to evolve even a simple organism is many billions of years longer than what evolutionists themselves believe the age of the earth to be.

A similar problem exists with regard to the probability of life accidentally coming into existence from non-life through chemical processes in the earth’s alleged primordial soup. With the discovery of the genetic code, we now know that the amount of information coded in the organization of a simple living cell is so vast that its accidental formation by random processes is beyond possibility. According to Sir Fred Hoyle, an eminent mathematician and astronomer, if the earth is 4.6 billion years old, as most evolutionists believe, the probability of a single living cell originating by random processes would be one chance in 1040,000 (ten with forty thousand zeros behind it). In other words, the probability is so small that it is not even considered as a viable option by most scientists familiar with information theory and probability studies. Today, thanks to “super computers,” it is firmly established that chance, long time spans, and mutations cannot account for the origin of life nor confirm the evolution of even a simple organism. As Hoyle puts it, “The chance that higher life forms might have emerged in this way is comparable with the chance that a tornado sweeping through a junkyard might assemble a Boeing 747 from the materials therein.”

The Age of the Earth: The third ingredient vital to the evolution recipe is an old earth. Although the age of the earth is not a factor in the creationist model of origins (remember, even if the earth is 5 billion years old, it is still not old enough for even simple organisms to evolve), time is of the utmost importance on the evolution model.

Evolutionists generally agree that the age of the earth is between 4.5 and 5 billion years old. The most common dating methods used by science to substantiate this age are one of several radiometric systems. These methods measure geologic time according to the rate of disintegration of radioactive elements. They are based on the assumption that decay processes have remained fairly stable throughout geologic history.

Today, much data is available that questions the accuracy of radiometric dating systems, and there are numerous other dating methods that suggest a young earth. In fact, over sixty chronometers date the earth as young (in geologic time, a young earth would be tens of thousands to hundreds of millions of years old rather than billions of years old). Dating methods that point to a geologically young earth include the decay of the earth’s magnetic field, the accumulation of meteoritic dust on the earth’s crust, the amount of helium in the atmosphere, the influx of sediment into the oceans via rivers, and the influx of specific chemicals into the oceans. In all of these cases, if the earth was billions of years old, the amount of decay or accumulation would be much greater than they are today.

“In many ways the age of the earth is an even more foundational issue for Christians than that of evolution. For if the earth is only thousands of years old, as the Bible indicates, then there’s not nearly enough time for evolution to have happened.” ~ Ken Ham, Pocket Guide to the Best Evidences

Thermodynamics: The first and second laws of thermodynamics are foundational to all of science and have never been contradicted in observable nature. The first law, also called the “law of conservation of mass-energy,” states that matter and energy are neither being created nor destroyed. In other words, matter and energy do not have within themselves the ability to create. This implies that they must have been created. The first law of thermodynamics points away from evolution to a creator.

The second law, also called the “law of increasing entropy,” states that entropy (which is the measurement of disorganization) always increases in an isolated system (a system which does not have an external influence that can sustain or increase its available energy, such as the universe). Now, what does this mean? Simply put, it means that the natural course of anything is to degenerate. An old automobile in a junkyard eventually rusts away. An animal is born and eventually grows old and dies. A star burns out and vanishes. In short, the universe is running down. But if the universe is running down, it must have had a beginning. It is not eternal. This implies a creator. It also contradicts evolution which depicts life moving upward rather than slowly degenerating.

The Anthropic Principle: One of the most compelling evidences supporting creationism involves the anthropic principle, although it is sometimes used as an argument supporting evolution. The anthropic principle observes that the earth is fashioned so precisely that life as we know it could not exist if the earth were even minutely different. Evolutionists acknowledge this and then argue that, although the universe is incredibly complex and wonderfully ordered, we should not be surprised that life came into existence through random process. Why? Because the very fact that we exist demonstrates that evolution occurred. In other words, in an infinite universe, the diverse circumstances needed for life to occur were bound to fall into place sooner or later—even if only once—no matter how unlikely it may be.

The fundamental problem with this argument should be obvious. It is merely a philosophical statement that relies on circular reasoning. It assumes that evolution accounts for the origin of life and then states, because life exists, we have proof that evolution is true. To counter this, we can offer our own philosophical statement. Robert Newman does this well: “If such a being as the God of the Bible exists, then an apparently designed universe such as ours would be a likely result rather than such a surprise as we have in an accidental universe.”

Hence, we are right back to arguing which model, creation or evolution, best fits the available evidence. And here is where the creationists can use the anthropic principle to their advantage. The value of the anthropic principle, as a support for creation, lies in its recognition that life can exist only within very narrow margins. For example, if the earth was located closer or farther from the sun, life could not exist due to excessive heat or cold. If the chemical composition of the atmosphere varied only slightly, the air would be poisonous to life. If the sea-to-land-mass ratio, depth of the oceans, and the earth’s cloud cover were different, the earth’s ability to store and release heat would change dramatically. All such events could result in the absence of life on earth. Rather than all of these variables being the result of accidental processes (luck), it appears much more probable that the earth was specifically designed to sustain life. And if it was designed, there must be a Designer—God.

Actually, this concept can be carried a step further. According to the evolutionary scenario, when the earth was formed, it did not initially possess the right chemical balance for life to exist. A hardening ball of gases would hardly support life. For the earth to reach a stage in which it could support life, some form of inorganic (nonliving) evolution would have had to occur. This would be necessary in order to achieve the right combination of ingredients from which organic molecules could emerge. Even if we can envision organic evolution (the evolution of living plants and animals), it takes a colorful imagination to accept the premise that nonliving elements such as gases and minerals evolved to a point where they could support life. I’m convinced that evolutionists demand we believe in the absurd.

Sir Cecil Wakeley, whose credentials are rather impressive—K.B.E., C.B., LL.D., M.CH., Doctor of Science, F.R.C.S., past president of Royal College of Surgeons of Great Britain—said, “Scripture is quite definite that God created the world, and I for one believe that to be a fact, not fiction. There is no evidence, scientific or otherwise, to support the theory of evolution.”

Applying Scientific Evidence (Creationism vs. Evolutionism)

EvidenceCreationismEvolutionism
No transitional fossilsNot expected because God created “Kinds.”Needed for evolution to work but missing in the fossil record.
MutationsMost mutations are “bad” and destroy organisms. The earth is not old enough for “good” mutations to account for evolution.Without an abundance of good mutations, there is no way to account for evolutionary change.
Age of earthCreation model fits with both an old and young earth.Old earth is necessary for evolution.
ThermodynamicsDemonstrates the universe had a beginning (created) and is running down (will end).Violates the evolutionary assumptions that the universe is eternal and uncaused.
Anthropic PrincipleExplains the order and design in the universe as the product of an intelligent Creator. God created the earth specifically to sustain life.Evolution requires that the ingredients necessary to support life are the product of random processes.

Atheism: The atheist often criticizes the believer by remarking, “How can you believe in creation when there is no God?” To say there is no God is to say one has enough knowledge to conclude there is no God. But an atheist can never have sufficient knowledge to be certain there is no God. He would have to be omniscient, for if there is something outside his area of knowledge, that something could include God. An atheist would have to be everywhere in and out of the universe all at one time; for if there is anywhere he cannot be, God could be there.

No atheist can claim total knowledge; therefore, atheism is self-refuting. Knowing everything and being everywhere is to be like God. Since no one can prove God does not exist, the question becomes irrelevant and so does atheism. Thus, creation cannot be ruled out as a potential alternative.

Origin of God: The Bible makes no attempt to prove the existence of God, nor to describe His origin. It simply says, “God has spoken; God has acted.” The first chapter of Genesis uses the word “God” 32 times, it is the most God-centered chapter in the Bible.

“The idea of creation is inconceivable without God.” (Wemher Von Braun, Vice President, Fairchild industries, German-town, Maryland)

Alexander I. Solzhenitsyn, winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Literature gave an address in London in which he endeavored to explain why so much evil had befallen his people, the Soviets: “Over a half century ago, while I was still a child, I recall hearing a number of old people offer the following explanation for the great disasters that had befallen Russia: Men have forgotten God; that’s why all this has happened…

Since then I have spent well-nigh 50 years working on the history of our revolution; in the process I have read hundreds of books, collected hundreds of personal testimonies, and have already contributed eight volumes of my own toward the effort of clearing away the rubble left by that upheaval. But if I were asked today to formulate as concisely as possible the main cause of the ruinous revolution that swallowed up some 60 million of our people, I could not put it more accurately than to repeat: Men have forgotten God; that’s why all this has happened.”

The Atheistic Faith: Atheistic evolutionists believe:

* No supernatural power exists.

* All creation is the product of chance.

* Living matter comes from dead matter.

* intelligence and conscience appeared without sponsorship.

* Matter is self-creative, self-determinate and indestructible.

Conclusion:

* Nothing produced something.

* Intelligence, design, conscience, and personality are free from any external influence.

* Life follows a deterministic law.

It boils down to choosing to have faith in accidental miracles or created miracles—God or man.

“… In the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own evil desires. They will say, ‘Where is this coming he promised? Ever since our fathers died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.…’ But the day of the Lord will come like a thief. The heavens will disappear with a roar; the elements will be destroyed by fire, and the earth and everything in it will be laid bare. Since everything will be destroyed in this way, what kind of people ought you to be? You ought to live holy and godly lives as you look forward to the day of God and speed its coming. That day will bring about the destruction of the heavens by fire, and the elements will melt in the heat. But in keeping with his promise we are looking forward to a new heaven and a new earth, the home of righteousness” (2 Peter 3:4 NIV).

Evolution is an animistic religion requiring completely uncritical faith, offering an absurd life and absolute death as rewards for belief. The evolutionist says he does not believe in God because he cannot believe the supernatural miracles which violate or deviate from the known laws of nature. However, the theory of evolution violates every known law for its existence. The atheistic faith is more incredible than Christian faith in light of the evidences.

Is Evolution Scientific? No matter how one looks at it, the theory of evolution must trace back to a point at which inanimate matter became a living form. Here is the absurd story of evolution:

*Unknown chemicals

in the primordial past …

through.…

Unknown processes

which no longer exist …

produced …

Unknown life forms

which are not to be found …

but could, through …

Unknown reproduction methods

spawn new life …

in an …

Unknown atmospheric composition …

in an …

Unknown oceanic soup complex …

at an …

Unknown time and place.

*Composed by Dr. Henry Morris, the above reveals evolution does not constitute a bona fide scientific theory. Evolution is 20th century mythology.

The Odds for Evolution: One of the best known evolutionists, Julian Huxley, surmised that the probability of natural selection leading to higher forms to be one chance in a number so large, it would occupy 1500 pages of print. Yet he made the following statement, which shows the amazing depth of his anti-God religious zeal:

“No one would bet on anything so improbable happening … and yet it happened” (Huxley, Evolution in Action, 1953).

In his book, The Creation Evolution Controversy, R. L. Wysong makes a forceful expression from a technical standpoint.

“Evolution requires plenty of faith: a faith in proteins that defy chance formation; a faith in the formation of DNA codes which if generated spontaneously would spell only pandemonium; a faith in a primitive environment that in reality would fiendishly devour any chemical precursor to life; a faith in (origin of life) experiments that prove nothing but the need for intelligence in the beginning; a faith in a primitive ocean that would not thicken but would hopelessly dilute chemicals; a faith in natural laws including the laws of thermodynamics and biogenesis that actually deny the possibility for the spontaneous generation of life; a faith in future scientific revelations which when realized always seem to present more dilemmas to the evolutionists; faith in probabilities that reasonably tell two stories—one denying evolution, the other confirming the creator; faith in transformations that remain fixed; faith in mutations and natural selection that add to a double negative for evolution; faith in fossils which embarrassingly show fixity through time, regular absence of transitional forms and striking testimony to a worldwide water deluge; a faith in time which proves to only promote degradation in the absence of mind; and faith in reductionism that ends up reducing the materialist’s arguments to zero and forcing the need to invoke a supernatural creator.”

Battle Between Two Religions: The controversy over creation and evolution is really a battle between two religions. One must choose the chance, randomness, no-God evolutionary philosophy which provides the basis for the religion of humanism in which ‘anything goes’; homosexuality, nudity, abortion, incest, etc., cannot be regarded as evil, for evil does not exist. Or one must choose the absolutes of the Creator God who made everything, and therefore has the authority to dictate what is right or wrong for His creation. The choice, then, is between the religion of Christianity with the basis of its Gospel in a literal creation, or the religion of humanism with its basis in evolution.

Sir Julian Huxley, one of the world’s leading evolutionists, head of UNESCO, descendant of Thomas Huxley—“Darwin’s bulldog”—said on a talk show, “I suppose the reason we leaped at The Origin of Species was because the idea of God interfered with our sexual mores.””

What Scientists Think of Evolution:

• Ultimately the Darwinian theory of evolution is no more nor less than the great cosmogenic myth of the twentieth century.—Michael Denton, molecular biologist and medical doctor

• It is becoming increasingly apparent that evolutionism is not even a good scientific theory.—Dr. Willem J. Ouweneel, Research Associate in Developmental Genetics, Ultrech, Netherlands

• What I have learned in the past ten years of review of recent scientific knowledge of cellular morphology and physiology, the code of life (DNA), and the lack of supporting evidence for evolution in the light of recent scientific evidence is a shocking rebuttal to the theory of evolution.—Dr. Isaac Manly of Harvard Medical School 

  • Arthur Field has pointed out, evolution is based “upon belief in the reality of the unseen; belief in the fossils that cannot be produced, belief in embryological evidence that does not exist, belief in the breeding experiments that refuse to come off.”

• The human fossil record is strongly supportive of the concept of Special Creation. On the other hand, the fossil evidence is so contrary to human evolution as to effectively falsify the idea that humans evolved.—Professor Marvin L. Lubenow, in his book Bones of Contention

  • Professor D. M. S. Watson, a famous evolutionist, made the remarkable observation that evolution itself is a theory universally accepted, “not because it has been observed to occur or can be proved by logically coherent evidence to be true, but because the only alternative—special creation—is clearly incredible.” 

• For the scientist who has lived by his faith in the power of reason, the story ends like a bad dream. He has scaled the mountains of ignorance; he is about to conquer the highest peak; as he pulls himself over the final rock, he is greeted by a band of theologians who have been sitting there for centuries.—Robert Jastrow, Ph.D. Chief of the Theoretical Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (1958–61) and Founder/Director of NASA’s Goddard Institute; Professor of Geophysics at Columbia University; Professor of Space Studies—Earth Sciences at Dartmouth College, in his book God and the Astronomers

• Can all of life be fit into Darwin’s theory of evolution?… If you search the scientific literature on evolution, and if you focus your search on the question of how molecular machines—the basis of life—developed, you find an eerie and complete silence. The complexity of life’s foundation has paralyzed science’s attempt to account for it.… I do not think [Darwin’s mechanism] explains molecular life.—Michael Behe, Associate Professor of Biochemistry at Lehigh University

NATURALISTIC EVOLUTION 

(NOTES adapted from Dr. James Boice, GENESIS, VOL.1)

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.~ Genesis 1:1–2

When Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859, he received more abuse than perhaps any modern scientist. To be sure, even Einstein originally objected to Slipher’s discovery of an expanding universe. He wrote, “This circumstance irritates me.” Others also objected. But none of these heaped personal abuse on Slipher. Darwin, by contrast, was greeted with: “Rotten fabric of speculation. … Utterly false. … Deep in the mire of folly [and] … I laughed till my sides were sore.”2 The remarkable thing, however, is that the theory that became the laughing stock and then eventually the battleground of the second half of the nineteenth century has now become widely accepted, not only by scientists but also by a wide variety of people from most walks of life.

Let us say at the beginning that a final answer as to how the universe came into being may not be attainable now. We may exclude some possibilities, both as Christians and as scientists. As Christians we may exclude even more. But this still falls short of a full answer to the “how.” Indeed, even taking the explanations of origins in the order proposed above does not necessarily imply that the latter positions are better than the earlier ones. They are taken in this order simply because they have appeared in this order historically.

The Evolutionary Theory

We begin by noting that in spite of the association of evolution with the name of Charles Darwin, evolution itself is nothing new. It existed among the ancient Greeks, for example. Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Epicurus, and Lucretius were all evolutionists. So also was Aristotle (384–322 b.c.), who believed in a complete gradation in nature accompanied by a perfecting principle. This was imagined to have caused gradation from the imperfect to the perfect. Man, of course, stood at the highest point of the ascent.

Again, there were evolutionists in more modern times before Darwin. Some early precursors were Francis Bacon (1561–1626), René Descartes (1596–1650), and Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). The first biologist to make a contribution to evolutionary thought was George Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1707–1788), the French naturalist. Another was Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), the grandfather of Charles Darwin. The first fairly complete theory of evolution was by Chevalier de Lamarck (1744–1829), who became a professor in zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris and later popularized his views in Philosophie Zoologique.

It was Charles Darwin, however, who rightly captured the world’s attention. His theory was developed to a degree that none of the others were and, perhaps even more importantly, it was supported by an impressive array of observations collected initially on the world-encircling tour of the HMS Beagle from 1831 to 1836. Darwin’s theory may be arranged in these postulates and conclusions.

Postulate number one: variation. There are variations within individuals of the same species.

Postulate number two: overproduction. In most cases, more individuals are born to a species than can possibly survive to maturity.

Conclusion number one: struggle for existence. In order to survive individuals must compete with other members of the same species.

Postulate number three: survival of the fittest. In a competitive environment only those individuals best fitted to survive will survive.

Postulate number four: inheritance of favorable characteristics. Fit individuals pass their “good” characteristics to their descendants.

Final conclusion: New species arise by the continued survival and reproduction of the individuals best suited to their particular environment.

What has happened to this theory in the one hundred or so years since the publication of Darwin’s Origin? For the most part it is still held, though much work has been done in the one area that presents a flaw in the argument. As anyone can see, the chief mechanism of evolution according to Darwin’s theory is “natural selection,” the impersonal preference given to a certain variation in a species permitting one individual rather than another to survive. This is supposed to explain how the variety of forms we know came about. But this is precisely what it does not do. Natural selection may explain how certain individuals have more offspring than others and therefore survive, or survive and have offspring while other less favored individuals do not. But it does not tell us how there came to be the various organisms or “good” characteristics of organisms in the first place.

Thomas Bethell, editor of the Washington Monthly, has written of this problem in an article for Harper’s Magazine. He observes, “There is, then, no ‘selection’ by nature at all. Nor does nature ‘act’ as it so often is said to do in biology books. One organism may indeed be ‘fitter’ than another from an evolutionary point of view, but the only event that determines this fitness is death (or infertility). This, of course, is not something which helps create the organism, but is something that terminates it.”

To deal with this problem evolutionists have come to speak of mutations as the primary source of variations. This was proposed first by a Dutch botanist, Hugo de Vries, in a work entitled Species and Varieties: Their Origin by Mutation (1905). It has since been suggested that mutations are caused by cosmic radiations, the latter being perhaps far more intense than in modern times.

The Fossil Record

What are we to say of Darwin’s theory? We must begin by noting that there is no question on the part of any informed thinker or writer that there are varieties within a given species. This is simply to say that all individuals are not alike. Some are tall, some short. Some are strong, others weak, and so on. The question is whether these acknowledged variations are sufficient to account for the development of entirely different species and, second, whether such development has in fact occurred. (The possibility of the development of species in this manner does not prove that this is the way it happened.)

At this point we have to turn to the evidence for evolution, and when we do we must acknowledge that the only true historical evidence is the evidence of fossils. There are other things that might be seen as supporting evolution: the possibility of classifying organisms from the simple to the more complex, similarities of structure in “related” species, the existence of vestigial organs (that is, organs like the human appendix for which no present function is known), similar blood types between some species. But these are all circumstantial arguments, and in some cases they are also ambiguous. The only truly historical evidence—evidence that evolution has actually occurred—is fossils.

The fossil remains may be evidence of evolution, but what is not adequately said today is that they do not prove evolution and are in fact highly questionable when applied to evolutionary theory. Let us begin with positive statements. First, although very fragmentary, the fossils do lend themselves to a historical sequence in which the more simple forms of life may be dated earlier (because found in older rock) and more complex forms of life may be dated later. Thus, although the very ancient dates given may be wrong, it does seem that algae, protozoa, and sponges came first. After that are fish, reptiles, and amphibians, then the land animals, including the dinosaurs. Finally, there are the animals we know today, and then man. Another positive statement is that some species have become extinct, the dinosaurs being the most notable example. The combination of these two sets of observations suggests that new forms of life develop and that others become extinct—according to Darwin.

But it is not that simple. There are problems in fitting the fossil record into an evolutionary system. Moreover, these are so great as to bring the entire theory into question.

For example, if evolution is true, what we should expect to find in the fossil record is finely graded and generally continuous development from the simplest forms to the higher forms. Although this is often claimed for the fossil record, it is not what is in fact found when we study it closely. Certainly there are simpler forms in (presumably) earlier rocks. Higher forms (like man) come relatively late. But there are no gradual developments. On the contrary, the major groups appear suddenly, and there is little or no evidence of transition. Everett C. Olson, a well-known evolutionist, mentions this difficulty: “More important, however, are the data revealed by the fossil record. There are great spatial and temporal gaps, sudden appearances of new major groups, equally sudden appearances of old, including very rapid extinctions of groups that had flourished for long periods of time. There were mass extinctions marked by equally simultaneous death of several apparently little associated groups of organisms. At the time the record first is seen with any real clarity [in Cambrian rock strata], the differentiation of phyla is virtually complete. As far as major groups are concerned, we see little clear evidence of time succession in differentiation with the simpler first and the more complex later.”

It may be argued at this point—indeed, it is argued by evolutionists—that the fossil record is simply incomplete, that if fossils for every prior form of life existed, such gaps would be filled. But in a hundred years of study the tendency has not been this way, and it is hard to convince oneself today that this will yet happen. It is not just a question of several missing links. There are hundreds of missing links. Moreover, the grouping of major species in certain past periods of earth’s history works strongly against this argument. Christians can argue, even if they cannot fully prove, that special creation is a far better explanation.

A second major problem with the use of fossils to support evolution is the subjective nature of arranging fossil histories. It might be argued by one who has seen the difficulty just mentioned that there is nevertheless evidence for development within one of the ancient time periods, even if not from one to the other. The supposed development of the horse from the Eocene period to modern times is an oft-cited example. During 60 million or so years the horse is supposed to have increased in size, lengthened its limbs, reduced and then eventually discarded toes, and become a grazer. Many museums have skeletons or pictures that are supposed to represent this development. But the fossils do not prove this development. They may suggest it, and the development they suggest may in fact be right. But there is still no evidence that one supposed form of the horse gave place to another. In actuality the skeletons may have come from similar but otherwise unrelated animals. Moreover, even if the fossils of these horselike animals prove a development, it is still not an example of the development of new species but only of a change within a species.

Mutations

Another area of difficulty for evolution is the mechanism used to explain the emergence of significant variations in the species, chiefly mutations (sudden unexpected changes brought about by otherwise unexplained alterations in the organism’s genes). This was the solution to the problem of “newness” proposed by Hugo de Vries. De Vries did his work with the evening primrose, a weed that he found in a potato field. He bred this plant over a period of several generations in the course of which he noticed a number of abrupt changes that he called mutations. He concluded that these were developments of such magnitude that the process itself could explain the emergence of new species.

Unfortunately, the new “species” of de Vries were not new species but simply varieties within the same species. Moreover, they were not produced by mutations in the sense of that word today but rather by breeding out recessive characteristics. In other words, de Vries produced nothing that was not in the plant originally.

De Vries’s failure does not entirely discredit the theory, however, for mutations do occur and can be passed down from generation to generation. The question is whether these mutations are sufficient to account for new species. Are they? Many evolutionists would say yes at this point. But it is important to note that no one has as yet demonstrated this to be so. In fact, there is important evidence to the contrary. Walter Lammerts is a rose breeder from southern California and the author of the books Why Not Creation? and Scientific Studies in Creation. He tells of attempts to breed roses with more petals or less petals, using every imaginable technique including radiation. He acknowledges that it is possible to use radiation to create roses with a significant increase in petals. But here is the point: there is a limit beyond which the increase in petals apparently will not go. If a rose has forty-four petals, for example, it may be reduced to thirty-two or increased to fifty-six. But that is all. Moreover, if the hybrid rose is left to mix with others from that point on, it does not retain its new characteristics but soon loses them. In fact, all the hybrid roses we have would soon turn to wild roses if left to them-selves—because they are bred from the wild roses originally. And if that in itself is not enough to cast doubt on the theory, there is the fact that the “improved” roses did not attain their improved form naturally but rather through the concentrated and prolonged efforts of Lammerts and other breeders. In other words, even in so limited a matter as this there is need for a design and a designer, a planner and a plan.

The Crucial Areas

An essay such as this can only begin to suggest a few of the problems the theory of evolution poses. But even in such a short study, concentrating on the basic scientific evidence for and against evolution, we can hardly pass over the far greater and (from the point of view of the Christian) unsolvable problems that exist where the crucial points of evolution are concerned. There are four of them.

First, even were we to grant the truthfulness of the evolutionary system as currently put forth, we still have the problem of the origin of the matter from which the later forms sprang. Evolution implies matter by the very meaning of the word, for in order for something to evolve there must be something there in the first place to evolve, and that first something cannot evolve but rather must be either eternally present or created. Since the eternity of matter is today increasingly untenable, as we saw in a previous study, we must have God as Creator. And this obviously nudges us toward the Christian position, whatever our opinions of a greater or lesser degree of evolutionary development may be.

Second, there is the form of matter. We may speak of “mere” matter as if it were a simple irreducible entity, but we do not actually know of any such “simple” matter and cannot in fact even conceive of it. Everything we know, however simple, already has a form—generally a highly complex form. Even hydrogen, the basic building block of everything according to astrophysics, is not simple. It has a proton, neutron, and electron, all operating according to fixed laws. Where did this fixed form and laws come from? They did not evolve. They are in matter to start with.

Third, there is the emergence of life. This is a complex problem, and much has been done to develop laboratory models according to which life could have arisen on earth during the early ages of the planet. The most acceptable model is a three-stage process involving: 1) the origin of bio-organics (amino acids, sugars) from inorganic compounds (hydrogen, water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane); 2) the origin of biopolymers (large molecules such as proteins) from the bio-organics; and finally 3) the origin of primordial life (simple plant or algaelike cells) from the biopolymers. But this is an extremely complex process, even assuming that this is how life came about, and therefore has an extremely low level of probability. True, scientists have achieved the first two of these stages in carefully controlled laboratory experiments. But the crucial third stage is elusive. And even in the second stage, the polymers seem to deteriorate faster than they would normally be created in anything approaching a natural environment. Again, it is not a matter of a single event of low probability. It is a matter of a long series of events, each with a very small probability, so that, as one writer says, “for all practical purposes the probability of this series of events may safely be regarded as zero.”

Two scientists, who nevertheless believe in the spontaneous generation of life, write, “The macromolecule-to-cell transition is a jump of fantastic dimensions, which lies beyond the range of testable hypothesis. In this area, all is conjecture. The available facts do not provide a basis for postulating that cells arose on this planet.”

The fourth of the truly great problems for an atheistic theory of evolution is the emergence of personality in man, or to be more specific, the emergence of the soul, spirit, or God-consciousness. What caused non-man to become man? One writer asks, “Where did the soul of man come from? Why is it that the highest and best animals are unable to pray? They are unable to communicate in a rational way. They are unable to do the things that man is able to do. The lowest type of man upon the face of the earth is far higher than the highest of the animals, because he has the capacity to worship God and can be brought to be a child of God, able to live in the glory of God through Jesus Christ, and that is true of none of the animals.” This writer concludes, “I am not ashamed to say that I believe in the first chapter of Genesis, but I should be ashamed to say that I held to any form of evolution.”

Why Evolution?

“Another reason, we believe, why evolution continues to be taught in spite of the contrary evidence is the educational mindset that grips our schools today. Our schools have essentially “ruled out the answer before they asked the question.” They have said, “There is no God! Now let’s ask the question: What is the origin of life?” The reason they never find the answer is because they ruled it out before they asked the question! It is highly unscientific and anti-intellectual to rule out answers before you ask questions…The tragedy is that evolution is a nineteenth-century philosophy that has been destroyed by twentieth-century science. Yet the lie continues to be perpetuated, not on scientific grounds, but because it is what morally justifies our immoral society today.” ~ Ron Carlson, Fast Facts on False Teachings 

Dr. Phillip E. Johnson, Professor of Law at the University of California at Berkeley, has written a book exposing the falsehood of evolution entitled Darwin on Trial. He was speaking at a conference when he was asked this question, Why Is Evolution Still Taught when it is such a weak theory of origins?”. His reply was very interesting coming from someone within the academic community: Most professors continue to teach evolution in the universities out of fear. This fear is that of not being tenured, of not getting research grants, of not being published, and of not being accepted by their peers. So to be accepted, to be published, to be granted research money, and to be tenured by their university, they must follow the party line, which is evolution. This is how the academic game is played!”

I conclude with this question. Why is it, if the theory of evolution is as weak as it seems to be, that it has the popular appeal acknowledged at the beginning of this chapter? Why is it that evolution is today’s dominant view and not one of the other views mentioned? I think there are four answers, three of which I want to put in the form of statements and one of which I want to put in the form of a question.

The statements are these. First, according to evolution, everything—absolutely everything—is knowable, and this has obvious appeal. Everything comes from something else, and we can trace the developments back. It is a closed system. There is no need for anything outside. Above all, there is no need for God who by the very definition of that word is One who is unknowable and who does not need to give an account of himself. Second, according to evolution, there is one explanation for everything. Everything evolves: matter, life, ideas, even religion. We can project this framework from our own small world throughout the universe. Third, and this is perhaps the chief reason, if creation of the world by God is eliminated (as many clearly wish to do), evolution is the only other option.

On the basis of those three statements I now ask my question: Is it not possible, then, that in the last analysis the appeal of evolution is in its elimination of God and its exaltation of man? In this system man does not merely become the highest point of creation, which Christians would themselves willingly affirm. He becomes the god of creation. Consequently, to challenge evolution is to blaspheme against man, and blasphemy against man is the sin for which there is now no pardon. Algernon Charles Swinburne gives expression to this spirit in his Hymn of Man.

But God, if a God there be, is the

Substance of men which is Man.

Thou art smitten, thou God, thou art smitten;

Thy death is upon thee, O Lord.

And the love-song of earth as thou diest

Resounds through the wind of her wings—

Glory to Man in the highest!

For Man is the master of things.

Is man the master? If he is, then he can go his way and devise any theory of origins he chooses. But if he is not—if there is a God—then he is the creation of this God and owes this God allegiance.

“I now believe that the universe was brought into existence by an infinite Intelligence. I believe that this universe’s intricate laws manifest what scientists have called the Mind of God. I believe that life and reproduction originate in a divine Source. Why do I believe this, given that I expounded and defended atheism for more than a half century? The short answer is this: this is the world picture, as I see it, that has emerged from modern science…Although I was once sharply critical of the argument to design, I have since come to see that, when correctly formatted, this argument constitutes a persuasive case for the existence of God. ~ Antony Flew, There is a God  (Kindle:1087)

“If we don’t know that there is such a person as God, we don’t know the first thing (the most important thing) about ourselves, each other and our world. This is because… the most important truths about us and them, is that we have been created by the Lord, and utterly depend upon Him for our continued existence.” ~ Alvin Plantinga in Warranted Christian Belief

“Disregard the study of God, and you sentence yourself to stumble and blunder through life blindfolded…We are cruel to ourselves if we try to live in this world without knowing about the God whose world it is and who runs it.” ~ J.I. Packer

“God exists by His own power. He alone is self-existent. Aseity, meaning “self-existence,” is the characteristic that separates Him from all other things. God is the only one who can say, ‘I am who I am…The grand difference between a human being and a Supreme Being is precisely this: Apart from God I cannot exist; apart from me God does exist. God does not need me in order for Him to be. I do need God in order for me to be. This is the difference between what we call a self-existent being and a dependent being…In Him we have our being. It is because of His self-existence that we can exist at all. You and I exist in His power and by His power. We are because He is.~ R.C. Sproul, Enjoying God, pp. 29, 32, 39.

Evolution (Naturalistic & Theistic) Critiqued

  • Ashton, John. Evolution Impossible: 12 Reasons Why Evolution Cannot Explain the Origin of Life on Earth.
  • Baugh, Carl E. Why Do Men Believe Evolution Against All Odds?
  • Behe, Michael J. A Mousetrap for Darwin: Michael J. Behe Answers His Critics.
  • *Behe, Michael J. Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution. 
  • Behe, Michael J. The Edge of Evolution: The Search for the Limits of Darwinism.
  • Behe, Michael J. Darwin Devolves: The New Science About DNA That Challenges Evolution.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Censoring the Darwin Skeptics: How Belief in Evolution Is Enforced by Eliminating Dissidents (Volume 3, Second Edition).
  • Bergman, Jerry. Evolution’s Blunders, Frauds and Forgeries.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Fossil Forensics: Separating Fact From Fantasy in Paleontology.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Hitler and the Nazi Darwinian Worldview: How the Nazi Eugenic Crusade for a Superior Race Caused the Greatest Holocaust in World History.
  • Bergman, Jerry. How Darwinism Corrodes Morality: Darwinism, Immorality, Abortion and the Sexual Revolution.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Silencing the Darwin Skeptics: The War Against Theists (Volume 2).
  • Bergman, Jerry. Slaughter of the Dissidents: The Shocking Truth About Killing Careers of Darwin Daughters (Volume 1, Second Edition).
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Dark Side of Darwin: A Critical Analysis of an Icon of Science.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Darwin Effect: Its Influence On Nazism, Eugenics, Racism, Cammunism, Capitalism, & Sexism.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Last Pillars of Darwinian Evolution Falsified: Further Evidence Proving Darwinian Evolution Wrong.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Three Pillars of Evolution Demolished: Why Darwin Was Wrong.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Useless Organs: The Rise And Fall Of A Central Claim Of Evolution.
  • Berlinski, David. The Deniable Darwin.
  • *Bethell, Tom. Darwin’s House Of Cards: A Journalists Odyssey Through The Darwin Debates.
  • *Carlson, Ron and Ed Decker. “Evolution The Incredible Theory” in Fast Facts on False Teaching.
  • Carter, Robert, ed. Evolution’s Achilles’ Heels: 9 Ph.D. Scientists Explain Evolutions Fatal Flaws—In Areas Claimed To Be Its Greatest Strengths.
  • Comfort, Ray. Intelligent Design Vs. Evolution: Letters to an Atheist.
  • Comfort, Ray. Nothing Created Everything: The Scientific Impossibility of Atheistic Evolution.
  • *Denton, Michael. Evolution: A Theory In Crises.
  • Denton, Michael. Evolution: Still A Theory In Crises.
  • Gale, Barry G. Evolution Without Evidence: Charles Darwin and The Origin of the Species.
  • Gallop, Roger G. Evolution: The Greatest Deception In Modern History.
  • *Gish, Duane T. Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No!
  • *Gish, Duane T. Letter To A Theistic Evolutionist: Sincerely your brother in Christ.
  • Gitt, Werner. Did God Use Evolution?
  • *Grudem, Wayne, ed. A Biblical Case Against Theistic Evolution: Is It Compatible with the Bible?
  • Ham, Ken, and Bodie Hodge, eds. Glass House: Shattering the Myth of Evolution.
  • Ham, Ken. The Lie: Evolution (Revised & Expanded Edition).
  • Hanegraaf, Hank. The FARCE of Evolution.
  • Javor, George. Evidences for Creation: Natural Mysteries Evolution Cannot Explain.
  • *Jeanson, Nathaniel T. Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Darwin on Trial.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Reason in the Balance: The Case Against Naturalism in Science, Law Education.
  • *Kethley, Kenneth D., and Mark F. Rooker. 40 Questions About Creation and Evolution.
  • Kinson, John M. God & Evolution: How An Atheist Scientist Changed His Mind.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. Paul A Nelson, et al. Explore Evolution: The Arguments For and Against Neo-Darwinism.
  • Moore, David T. Five Lies Of The Century (Evolution is an established scientific fact).
  • Morrison John. Evolution’s Final Days: The Mounting Evidence Disproving Evolution.
  • *Rhodes, Ron. The 10 Things You Should Know About the Creation vs. Evolution Debate.
  • Richards, Jay, editor. God And Evolution. 
  • Richards, Lawrence O. It Couldn’t Just Happen: Fascinating Facts About God’s World.
  • Ross, Hugh. What Darwin Didn’t Know.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. Refuting Evolution.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. The Greatest Hoax on Earth? Refuting Dawkins on Evolution.
  • Simmons, M.D. Geoffrey. What Darwin Didn’t Know: A Doctor Dissects the Theory of Evolution.
  • Sivanesan, Nirushan. Objections to Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. Not by Chance! Shattering the Modern Theory of Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. The Evolution Revolution: Why Thinking People Are Rethinking the Theory of Evolution.
  • Thomas, Neil. Taking Leave Of Darwin: A Longtime Agnostic Discovers the Case for Design.
  • Woodward, Thomas. Doubts About Darwin.

Naturalism/Materialism/ & Scientism Critiqued

  • Berlinski, David. The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and its Scientific Pretensions.
  • Copan, Paul and Charles Taliaferro, eds. The Naturalness of Belief: New Essays on Theism’s Rationality.
  • *Crain, Natasha. Faithfully Different: Regaining Biblical Clarity in a Secular Culture.
  • Dembski, William A., and Jonathan Wells. How To Be An Intellectually Fulfilled Atheist (or not).
  • Gange, Robert. Godless Folly: Scientific Observations That Refute Materialism.
  • Gordon, Bruce and William Dembski. The Nature of Nature: Examining the Role of Naturalism in Science.
  • Hunter, Cornelius G. Science’s Blind Spot: The Unseen Religion of Scientific Naturalism.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Reason in the Balance: The Case Against Naturalism in Science, Law Education
  • Johnson, Phillip E. The Wedge of Truth: Splitting The Foundations of Naturalism.
  • Lennox, John. Can Science Explain Everything?
  • Lennox, John. God’s Undertaker: Has Science Buried God?
  • *Meyer, Stephen C. Return of the God Hypothesis: Three Scientific Discoveries That Reveal the Mind Behind the Universe.
  • *Moreland, J.P. Christianity and the Nature of Science.
  • *Moreland, J.P. Scientism and Secularism: Learning to Respond to a Dangerous Ideology.
  • Nagel, Thomas. Mind And Cosmos: Why The Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False.
  • Plantinga, Alvin. Where The Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, & Naturalism.
  • Shepardson, Andrew J. Who’s Afraid of the Unmoved Mover?: Postmodernism and Natural Theology.
  • Stokes, Mitch. How To Be An Atheist: Why Skeptics Aren’t Skeptical Enough.
  • Turek, Frank. Stealing from God: Why Atheists Need God to Make Their Case.
  • Williams, Richard N. and Daniel N. Robinson, eds. Scientism: The New Orthodoxy.
  • West, John G. editor. The Magician’s Twin: C.S. Lewis on Science, Scientism, and Society.

Resources On Science (Creation & Evolution), Genesis, and the Bible

(Compiled by David P. Craig, Revised August 22, 2022 – Note some books are in more than one category;  Books with an asterisk “*” = Highly Recommended)

Adam and Eve

  • Caneday, Ardel B., ed. Four Views on the Historical Adam. 
  • Collins, C. John. Did Adam and Eve Really Exist? Who They Were And Why You Should Care.
  • *Howe, Thomas A. A Critique of William Lane Craig’s In Quest of the Historical Adam.
  • *Mortenson, Terry. Searching for Adam: Genesis & the Truth About Man’s Origin.

Artificial Intelligence (Transhumanism)

  • Lennox, John. 2084: Artificial Intelligence and The Future of Humanity.
  • Marks, Robert J. Non-Computable You: What You Do That Artificial Intelligence Never Will.
  • Rana, Franz and Kenneth Samples, et al. Humans 2.0: Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Perspectives on Transhumanism.
  • Simmons, M.D. Geoffrey. Are We Here To Recreate Ourselves?

Astronomy

  • DeYoung, Donald and John C. Whitcomb. Our Created Moon: Earths Fascinating Neighbor.
  • Faulkner, Danny R. The Expanse of Heaven: Where Creation & Astronomy Intersect.
  • *Gonzalez, Guillermo, and Jay W. Richards. The Privileged Planet: How Our Place In The Cosmos Is Designed For Discovery.
  • Humphreys, D. Russell. Starlight & Time: Solving The Puzzle Of Distant Starlight In A Young Universe.
  • Jastrow, Robert. God and The Astronomers.
  • Lisle, Jason. The Stargazer’s Guide to the Night Sky.
  • Lisle, Jason. Taking Back Astronomy: The Heavens Declare Creation.

Believers (Christians and Theists) Who Are Scientists

  • Ashton, John F., editor. On The Seventh Day: Forty Scientists and Academics Explain Why They Believe in God.
  • Ashton, John and Michael Westcott, eds. The Big Argument: Does God Exist? Twenty-Four Scholars Explore How Science, Archaeology, and Philosophy Haven’t Disproved God.
  • Ashton, John F., editor. Why Fifty Scientists Choose to Believe in Creation.
  • Barrett, Eric C., and David Fisher, eds. Scientists Who Believe: 21 Tell Their Own Stories.
  • Bergman, Jerry and Doug Sharp. Persuaded by the Evidence.
  • Bergman, Jerry. SCIENCE IS THE DOORWAY TO THE CREATOR: Nobel Laureates, Eminent Scientists and Others Who Reject Orthodox Darwinism.
  • Ell, Douglas. Counting To God: A Personal Journey Through Science To Belief.
  • *Flew, Anthony with Roy Abraham Varghese. There is a God: How The World’s Most Notorious Atheist Changed His Mind.
  • Garte, Sy. The Works Of His Hands: A Scientist’s Journey from Atheism to Faith.
  • Guillen, Michael. Believing Is Seeing: A Physicist Explains How Science Shattered His Atheism and Revealed the Necessity of Faith.
  • Guillen, Michael. Can A Smart Person Believe in God?
  • McDonald, Julie. From Evolutionist to Creationist: The Journey of Colorado River Guide, Tom Vail (Great Christians You Should Know)
  • Morris, Henry. Men of Science, Men of God.
  • O’Connell, Michael R. Finding God In Science: The Extraordinary Evidence For The Soul And Christianity, A Rocket Scientist’s Gripping Odyssey.
  • Robinson, Stephen and Victoria Lim. Who Is God Really? Two Scientists Discuss Their Faith. 
  • Roth, Ariel A. Science Discovers God: Seven Convincing Lines of Evidence For His Existence.
  • Schoeder, Gerald L. God According to God: A Physicist Proves We’ve Been Wrong About God All Along.
  • Stafford, Tim. The Adam Quest: Eleven Scientists Explore the Divine Mystery of the Human Race.
  • *Strobel, Lee. The Case for a Creator: A Journalist Investigates Scientific Evidence That Points Toward God.
  • Thomas, Neil. Taking Leave of Darwin: A Longtime Agnostic Discovers the Case for Design.

Biology

  • *Axe, Douglas. Undeniable: How Biology Confirms Our Intuition That Life Is Designed.
  • Davis, Percival and Dean H. Kenyon. Of Pandas and People: The Central Question of Biological Origins (Second Edition).
  • Dembski, William A., and Jonathan Wells. The Design of Life: Discovering Signs of Intelligence in Biological Systems.
  • Denton, Michael J. Destiny: How The Laws Of Biology Reveal Purpose In The Universe.
  • Falk, Darrel R. Coming To Peace With Science: Bridging the Worlds Between Faith and Biology (Theistic Evolution Perspective).
  • Rana, Franz. Creating Life in the Lab: How New Discoveries in Synthetic Biology Make a Case for the Creator.
  • Sanford, John. Biological Information – New Perspectives A Synopsis and Limited Commentary.
  • *Wise, Kurt P. Devotional Biology: Learning to Worship the Creator of Organisms.

(The) Bible and Science

  • Brush, Nigel. The Limitations Of Scientific Truth: Why Science Can’t Answer Life’s Ultimate Questions.
  • Carlson, Richard F., ed. Science and Christianity: Four Views.
  • Collins, C. John. Science & Faith: Friends Or Foes?
  • Comfort, Ray. Scientific Facts in the Bible: 100 Reasons to Believe the Bible is Supernatural in Origin.
  • Davidson, Gregg. Friend of Science, Friend of Faith: Listening to God in His Works and Word.
  • Gould, Paul M., and Daniel Ray, eds. The Story of the Cosmos: How The Heavens Declare The Glory of God.
  • Greenwood, Kyle. Scripture and Cosmology: Reading the Bible Between the Ancient World and Modern Science.
  • Guillen, Michael. Amazing Truths: How Science And The Bible Agree.
  • McGrath, Alister.  Enriching Our Vision of Reality: Theology and the Natural Sciences in Dialogue. 
  • *Morris, Henry M. The Biblical Basis For Modern Science.
  • *Morris, Henry M. The Long War Against God.
  • Poythress, Vern S. Redeeming Science: A God-Centered Approach.
  • Ratzsch, Del. Science and Its Limits.
  • Schroeder, Gerald L. The Hidden Face of God: How Science Reveals the Ultimate Truth.
  • Schroeder, Gerald L. The Science of God: The Convergence of Scientific and Biblical Wisdom.

Chemistry

  • Eberlin, Marcos. Foresight: How the Chemistry of Life Reveals Planning and Purpose.
  • Lennox, John C. Cosmic Chemistry: Do God and Science Mix?
  • Rana, Fazale. The Cell’s Design: How Chemistry Reveals the Creator’s Artistry.
  • Tour, James. Chapter 4: “Are Present Proposals on Chemical Evolutionary Mechanisms Accurately Pointing toward First Life?” in Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Theological, and Philosophical Critique.
  • Tour, James. Chapter 13: “We’re Still Clueless About The Origin of Life” in The Mystery of Life’s Origin: The Continuing Controversy.

Creation (Origins: Various Views)

  • Ashford, Bruce Riley, and Craig G. Bartholomew. The Doctrine of Creation: A Constructive Kuyperian Approach.
  • Ashton, John F., editor. In Six Days: Why Fifty Scientists Choose to Believe in Creation.
  • Carlson, Richard F., and Tremper Longman III. Science, Creation, And The Bible: Reconciling Rival Theories Of Origins.
  • Christianity Today, eds. The Origins Debate: Evangelical Perspectives on creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • Friar, Wayne and Percival Davis. A Case For Creation (Third Edition).
  • Fulkerson, Geoffrey H., and Joel Thomas Chopp. Science And The Doctrine Of Creation: The Approach Of Ten Modern Theologians.
  • *Gange, Robert. Origins and Destiny: A Scientist Examines God’s Handiwork.
  • *Gange, Robert. Portal to Paradise: Historical Events that Confirm Eternal Life.
  • Garner, Paul. The New Creationism: Building Scientific Theories on a Biblical Foundation.
  • Hagopian, David G., ed. The Genesis Debate: Three Views on the Days of Creation.
  • Hanegraaf, Hank. The Creation Answer Book.
  • *Keathley, Kenneth D. and Mark F. Rooker. 40 Questions About Creation and Evolution.
  • *Lisle, Jason. Ultimate Proof of Creation: Resolving The Origins Debate.
  • McFarland, Ian A. From Nothing: A Theology of Creation.
  • Moo, Douglas J., and Jonathan A. Moo. Creation Care: A Biblical Theology of the Natural World.
  • *Moore, John N. How To Teach Origins (Without ACLU Interference).
  • Rana, Fazale & Hugh Ross. Origins of Life: Biblical and Evolutionary Models Face Off.
  • *Ratzsch, Del. The Battle of Beginnings: Why Neither Side Is Winning the Creation- Evolution Debate.
  • *Rau, Gerald. Mapping The Origins Debate: Six Models of The Beginning of Everything.
  • Ross, Hugh. A Matter of Days.
  • Ross, Hugh. Beyond The Cosmos.
  • Ross, Hugh. Creator and The Cosmos.
  • Roth, Ariel. Origins, Linking Science and Scripture.
  • Sproul, R.C. and Keith Mathison. Not A Chance: God, Science, and the Revolt against Reason.
  • Strauss, Michael G. The Creator Revealed: A Physicist Examines The Big Bang and The Bible.
  • Tan, Change Laura and Rob Stadler. The Stairway To Life: An Origin-Of-Life Reality Check.
  • Torrance, Andrew B., and Thomas H. McCall, eds. Knowing Creation: Perspectives from Theology, Philosophy, and Science.
  • *Wallace, J. Warner. God’s Crime Scene: A Cold-Case Detective Examines The Evidence For A Divinely Created Universe.
  • Whorton, Mark, and Hill Roberts. ULTIMATE GUIDE TO CREATION.
  • Wilson, Jonathan R. God’s Good World: Reclaiming The Doctrine of Creation.
  • Wise, Kurt P. and Sheila A. Richardson. Something From Nothing: Understanding What You Believe about Creation and Why.
  • Wood, Todd Charles. The Quest: Exploring Creations Hardest Problems.
  • Wood, Todd Charles, and Kurt P. Wise. Understanding the Pattern of Life: Origins and Organization of the Species.

Creationism (Young Earth Creationism or YEC)

  • Ashton, John F., editor. In Six Days: Why Fifty Scientists Choose to Believe in Creation.
  • *Barrick, William D. by William D. “Young Earth View of Adam” in Four Views on the Historical Adam.
  • Biddle, Daniel A. Answers to the Top 50 Questions about Genesis, Creation, and Noah’s Flood (Debunking Evolution).
  • Chittick, Donald E. The Controversy: Roots of the Creation-Evolution Conflict.
  • Chittick, Donald E. The Puzzle of Ancient Man: Evidence for Advanced Technology in Past Civilizations.
  • DeYoung, Don B. Physical Science and Creation: An Introduction.
  • DeYoung, Don B. Thousands…Not Billions: Challenging an Icon of Evolution Questioning the Age of the Earth.
  • *Dolphin, Lambert T. Jesus: Lord of Time and Space.
  • Douglas, J. Palmer. Why We Believe In Creationism.
  • *Duncan III, J. Ligon and David W. Hall “The 24-Hour View” in The Genesis Debate: Three Views on the Days of Creation.
  • Garner, Paul. The New Creationism: Building Scientific Theories on a Biblical Foundation.
  • Gish, Duane T. Creation Scientists Answer Their Critics.
  • *Ham, Ken. “Young Earth Position” in Four Views on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • *Hoffmeier, James K. “Genesis as History” in Genesis: History, Fiction, or Neither? Three Views on the Bible’s Earliest Chapters.
  • Kofahl, Robert E. and Kelly L. Segraves. The Creation Explanation: A Scientific Alternative to Evolution.
  • *MacArthur, John. The Battle of Beginnings: Creation, Evolution, and The Bible.
  • *Mitchell, Colin. The Case For Creationism.
  • Morris, Henry M. Biblical Creationism: What Each Book of the Bible Teaches About Creation and the Flood.
  • Morris III,  Henry, John D. Morris, et al. Creation Basics and Beyond, 2nd Edition.
  • Morris, Henry M. and John C. Whitcomb. The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and Its Scientific Implications.
  • Morris, Henry M. Scientific Creationism.
  • Morris, John D. The Global Flood: Unlocking Earth’s Geologic History.
  • Morris, John D. The Young Earth: The Real History of the the Earth – Past, Present, and Future.
  • Morris, John D and Frank J. Sherwin. The Fossil Record: Unearthing Nature’s History of Life.
  • Mortenson. Terry. The Great Turning Point.
  • Nailor, Matt. The Young Earth Creation Model: The True History of Humanity.
  • *Nelson, Paul and Mark Reynolds. “Young Earth Creationism” in Three Views on Creation and Evolution.
  • Numbers, Ronald L. The Creationists: From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design (Expanded Edition – This is a history of Creationism from the perspective of an Evolutionist).
  • Reed, John. Rocks Aren’t Clocks: A Critique of the Geological Timescale.
  • Vail, Tom. Grand Canyon: A Different View.
  • Whitcomb, John C. The Early Earth: An Introduction to Biblical Creationism.
  • Whitcomb, John C. The World That Perished: An Introduction to Biblical Catastrophism.
  • Wise, Kurt P. and Sheila A. Richardson. Something From Nothing: Understanding What You Believe about Creation and Why.
  • Wood, Todd Charles. The Quest: Exploring Creations Hardest Problems.
  • Wood, Todd Charles, and Kurt P. Wise. Understanding the Pattern of Life: Origins and Organization of the Species.
  • Young Earth/ Six-Day Creationism Websites: – Ken Ham’s Ministry: answersingenesis.org ;  Genesis Apologetics: genesisapologetics.com ; Institute for Creation Research (Founded by Henry M. Morris) – icr.org ; Creation Ministries International – creation.com.

Day Age Theory or Progressive Creationism (Old Earth)

  • Gribbin, John. Alone in the Universe: Why Our Planet Is Unique.
  • Hill, Carol, Gregg Davidson, Tim Helble, and Wayne Ranney, editors. The Grand Canyon, Monument to an Ancient Earth: Can Noah’s Flood Explain the Grand Canyon?
  • Metaxas, Eric. Is Atheism Dead?
  • Rana, Fazale. Creating Life In The Lab.
  • Rana, Fazale. Dinosaur Blood and the Age of the Earth.
  • Rana, Fazale. The Cell’s Design.
  • Rana, Fazale & Hugh Ross. Origins of Life: Biblical and Evolutionary Models Face Off.
  • Rana, Fazale & Hugh Ross. Who Was Adam? A Creation Model Approach To The Origin of Humanity.
  • Rana, Fazale R. & Kenneth R. Samples. Humans 2.0: Scientific, Philosophical and Theological Perspectives on Transhumanism.
  • Ross, Hugh. A Matter of Days.
  • Ross, Hugh. Beyond The Cosmos.
  • Ross, Hugh. Creator and The Cosmos.
  • Ross, Hugh. Improbable Planet.
  • Ross, Hugh. More Than A Theory.
  • Ross, Hugh. Navigating Genesis.
  • Ross, Hugh. The Fingerprint of God.
  • Ross, Hugh. Why The Universes Is The Way It Is.
  • Snoke, David. A Biblical Case for an Old Earth.
  • Young, Davis A. and Ralph F. Stearley. The Bible, Rocks and Time: Geological Evidence for the Age of the Earth.
  • Websites Promoting The Day Age Theory: reasons.org ; and oldearth.org 

Debates over Creation, Evolution, Genesis and Science

  • Behe, Michael J., and T.D. Singh. God, Intelligent Design & Fine Tuning.
  • Cabal, Theodore and Peter Rasor II. Controversy of the Ages: Why Christians Should Not Divide Over The Age Of The Earth.
  • Caneday, Ardel B., ed. Four Views on the Historical Adam.
  • Carlson, Richard F., editor. Science & Christianity: Four Views.
  • Carlson, Richard F., and Tremper Longman III. Science, Creation, And The Bible: Reconciling Rival Theories Of Origins.
  • Christianity Today, eds. The Origins Debate: Evangelical Perspectives on creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • Dembski, William A., and Michael Ruse, eds. Debating Design: From Darwin To DNA.
  • Hagopian, David G., ed. The Genesis Debate: Three Views on the Days of Creation.
  • Halton, Charles, ed. Genesis: History, Fiction, or Neither? Three Views on the Bible’s Earliest Chapters.
  • Johnson, Phillip E., and Denis O. Lamoureux. Darwinism Defeated? The Johnson- Lamoureux Debate on Biological Origins.
  • Jones, Preston, ed. Is Belief In God Good, Bad, Or Irrelevant? A Professor And A Punk Rocker Discuss Science, Religion, Naturalism and Christianity (Preston Jones of Brown University and Greg Graffin of the band Bad Religion).
  • *Keathley, Kenneth D. and Mark F. Rooker. 40 Questions About Creation and Evolution.
  • Rasmussen, Joshua and Felipe Leon. Is God The Best Explanation of Things? 
  • *Ratzsch, Del. The Battle of Beginnings: Why Neither Side Is Winning the Creation- Evolution Debate.
  • *Rau, Gerald. Mapping The Origins Debate: Six Models of The Beginning of Everything.
  • Reynolds, John Mark, ed. Three Views on Creation and Evolution.
  • Singh, T.D. God, Intelligent Design and Fine Tuning: A Dialogue Between T.D. Singh and Michael J. Behe.
  • Stewart, Robert B., ed. Intelligent Design: William A. Dembski & Michael Ruse in Dialogue.
  • Stump, James, ed. Four Views on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • *Wood, Todd Charles, and Darrel R. Falk. The Fool And The Heretic: How Two Scientists Moved Beyond Labels To A Christian Dialogue About Creation and Evolution.
  • Youngblood, Ronald. The Genesis Debate: Persistent Questions About Creation and The Flood.

Dinosaurs

  • Biddle, Daniel. How Do Dinosaurs Fit into the Bible?
  • Clarey, Tim. Dinosaurs: Marvels of God’s Design – The Science of the Biblical Account. 
  • DeYoung, Donald B. Dinosaurs and Creation: Questions and Answers.
  • Ham, Ken. The Great Dinosaur Mystery Solved.
  • Institute For Creation Research. Guide to Dinosaurs.
  • Thomas, Brian. Dinosaurs and the Bible.
  • Wieldand, Carl. Dragons of the Deep: Ocean Monsters Past and Present.

Evolutionary Creationism or Theistic Evolution 

  • Allert, Craig D. Early Readings of Genesis One: Patristic Exegesis and Literal Interpretation (BioLogos Books on Science and Christianity).
  • Applegate, Kathryn & J.B. Stump. How I Changed My Mind About Evolution: Evangelicals Reflect on Faith and Science.
  • Barrett, Justin L. Thriving with Stone Age Minds: Evolutionary Psychology, Christian Faith, and the Quest for Human Flourishing (BioLogos Books on Science and Christianity)
  • Bishop, Robert C. and Larry L. Funck. Understanding Scientific Theories of Origins: Cosmology, Geology, and Biology in Christian (BioLogos Books on Science and Christianity).
  • Collins, Francis S. The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief.
  • Keathley, Kenneth, J.B. Stump, and Joe Aguirre. Old-Earth Or Evolutionary Creation? Discussing Origins with Reasons To Believe and Biologos.
  • Kofahl, Robert E. The Creation Explanation: A Scientific Alternative to Evolution.
  • Haarsma, Deborah B. “Evolutionary Creationism” in Four Views On Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • Haarsma, Deborah B. and Loren D. Haarsma. Origins: Christian Perspectives on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
  • Lamoureux, Denis O. I Love Jesus & I Accept Evolution. 
  • Lamoureux, Denis O. Evolutionary Creation: A Christian Approach to Evolution.
  • Lamoureux, Denis O. “No Historical Adam: Evolutionary Creation View” in Four Views On The Historical Adam.
  • McGrath, Alister. The Science of God.
  • *Moreland, J.P., Stephen C. Meyer, Christopher Shaw, Ann K. Gauger, and Wayne Grudem, eds. Theistic Evolution: A Scientific, Philosophical, and Theological Critique.
  • Ray, Janet Kellogg. Baby Dinosaurs on the Ark?: The Bible and Modern Science and the Trouble of Making It All Fit.
  • Van Till, Howard J. “The Fully Gifted Creation” in Three Views on Creation and Evolution.
  • Van Till, Howard J. A Case For Theistic Evolution. (A Zondervan Digital Short).
  • Websites Promoting Theistic Evolution: biologos.org ; oldearth.org ; faithandevolution.org ; and http://www.theistic-evolution.com

Evolution (Naturalistic & Theistic) Critiqued

  • Ashton, John. Evolution Impossible: 12 Reasons Why Evolution Cannot Explain the Origin of Life on Earth.
  • Baugh, Carl E. Why Do Men Believe Evolution Against All Odds?
  • Behe, Michael J. A Mousetrap for Darwin: Michael J. Behe Answers His Critics.
  • *Behe, Michael J. Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution. 
  • Behe, Michael J. The Edge of Evolution: The Search for the Limits of Darwinism.
  • Behe, Michael J. Darwin Devolves: The New Science About DNA That Challenges Evolution.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Censoring the Darwin Skeptics: How Belief in Evolution Is Enforced by Eliminating Dissidents (Volume 3, Second Edition).
  • Bergman, Jerry. Evolution’s Blunders, Frauds and Forgeries.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Fossil Forensics: Separating Fact From Fantasy in Paleontology.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Hitler and the Nazi Darwinian Worldview: How the Nazi Eugenic Crusade for a Superior Race Caused the Greatest Holocaust in World History.
  • Bergman, Jerry. How Darwinism Corrodes Morality: Darwinism, Immorality, Abortion and the Sexual Revolution.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Silencing the Darwin Skeptics: The War Against Theists (Volume 2).
  • Bergman, Jerry. Slaughter of the Dissidents: The Shocking Truth About Killing Careers of Darwin Daughters (Volume 1, Second Edition).
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Dark Side of Darwin: A Critical Analysis of an Icon of Science.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Darwin Effect: Its Influence On Nazism, Eugenics, Racism, Cammunism, Capitalism, & Sexism.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Last Pillars of Darwinian Evolution Falsified: Further Evidence Proving Darwinian Evolution Wrong.
  • Bergman, Jerry. The Three Pillars of Evolution Demolished: Why Darwin Was Wrong.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Useless Organs: The Rise And Fall Of A Central Claim Of Evolution.
  • Berlinski, David. The Deniable Darwin.
  • *Bethell, Tom. Darwin’s House Of Cards: A Journalists Odyssey Through The Darwin Debates.
  • *Carlson, Ron and Ed Decker. “Evolution The Incredible Theory” in Fast Facts on False Teaching.
  • Carter, Robert, ed. Evolution’s Achilles’ Heels: 9 Ph.D. Scientists Explain Evolutions Fatal Flaws—In Areas Claimed To Be Its Greatest Strengths.
  • Comfort, Ray. Intelligent Design Vs. Evolution: Letters to an Atheist.
  • Comfort, Ray. Nothing Created Everything: The Scientific Impossibility of Atheistic Evolution.
  • *Denton, Michael. Evolution: A Theory In Crises.
  • Denton, Michael. Evolution: Still A Theory In Crises.
  • Gale, Barry G. Evolution Without Evidence: Charles Darwin and The Origin of the Species.
  • Gallop, Roger G. Evolution: The Greatest Deception In Modern History.
  • *Gish, Duane T. Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No!
  • *Gish, Duane T. Letter To A Theistic Evolutionist: Sincerely your brother in Christ.
  • Gitt, Werner. Did God Use Evolution?
  • *Grudem, Wayne, ed. A Biblical Case Against Theistic Evolution: Is It Compatible with the Bible?
  • Ham, Ken, and Bodie Hodge, eds. Glass House: Shattering the Myth of Evolution.
  • Ham, Ken. The Lie: Evolution (Revised & Expanded Edition).
  • Hanegraaf, Hank. The FARCE of Evolution.
  • Javor, George. Evidences for Creation: Natural Mysteries Evolution Cannot Explain.
  • *Jeanson, Nathaniel T. Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Darwin on Trial.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Defeating Darwinism by Opening Minds.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Reason in the Balance: The Case Against Naturalism in Science, Law Education.
  • *Kethley, Kenneth D., and Mark F. Rooker. 40 Questions About Creation and Evolution.
  • Kinson, John M. God & Evolution: How An Atheist Scientist Changed His Mind.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. Paul A Nelson, et al. Explore Evolution: The Arguments For and Against Neo-Darwinism.
  • Moore, David T. Five Lies Of The Century (Evolution is an established scientific fact).
  • Morrison John. Evolution’s Final Days: The Mounting Evidence Disproving Evolution.
  • *Rhodes, Ron. The 10 Things You Should Know About the Creation vs. Evolution Debate.
  • Richards, Jay, editor. God And Evolution. 
  • Richards, Lawrence O. It Couldn’t Just Happen: Fascinating Facts About God’s World.
  • Ross, Hugh. What Darwin Didn’t Know.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. Refuting Evolution.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. The Greatest Hoax on Earth? Refuting Dawkins on Evolution.
  • Simmons, M.D. Geoffrey. What Darwin Didn’t Know: A Doctor Dissects the Theory of Evolution.
  • Sivanesan, Nirushan. Objections to Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. Not by Chance! Shattering the Modern Theory of Evolution.
  • Spetner, Lee M. The Evolution Revolution: Why Thinking People Are Rethinking the Theory of Evolution.
  • Thomas, Neil. Taking Leave Of Darwin: A Longtime Agnostic Discovers the Case for Design.
  • Woodward, Thomas. Doubts About Darwin.

Fossils

  • Bergman, Jerry. Fossil Forensics: Separating Fact from Fantasy in Paleontology.
  • Lubenow, Marvin L. Bones of Contention: A Creationist Assessment of Human Fossils.
  • Morris, John D. and Frank J. Sherwin. The Fossil Record: Unearthing nature’s History of Life.
  • Parker, Gary. The Fossil Book (Wonders of Creation).

Gap Theory

  • *Barnhouse, Donald Grey. Genesis.
  • Chalmers, Thomas. The Works of Thomas Chalmers: Complete In One Volume.
  • Custance, Arthur C.. Without Form and Void.
  • DeHaan, M.R. Genesis.
  • Pember, G.H. Earth’s Earliest Ages.
  • Pink, A.W. Gleanings in Genesis.
  • Rimmer, Harry. Modern Science and the Genesis Record.
  • Scofield C.I. Scofield Reference Bible (Notes).

Genesis Studies and Commentaries

  • Arnold, Bill T. Genesis (New Cambridge Bible Commentary).
  • Atkinson, David J. The Message of Genesis 1–11 (The Bible Speaks Today Series).
  • Baldwin, Joyce G. The Message of Genesis 12–50 (The Bible Speaks Today Series).
  • Barnhouse, Donald. Genesis: A Devotional Commentary.
  • Batten, Don and Jonathan Sarfati. 15 Reasons To Take Genesis As History.
  • *Bethancourt, Phillip. Exalting Jesus in Genesis (Christ-Centered Exposition).
  • Blick, Edward F. A Scientific Analysis of Genesis.
  • Blocher, Henri. In the Beginning: The Opening Chapters of Genesis.
  • *Boice, James Montgomery. Genesis: An Expositional Commentary (3 vols.).
  • Birgman, Brian. Jonathan Edwards on Genesis: Hermeneutics, Homiletics, and Theology.
  • Briscoe, D. Stuart. Genesis (The Preacher’s Commentary).
  • Calvin, John. Genesis (Geneva Series of Commentaries).
  • Charles, J. Daryl, ed. Reading Genesis 1-2: An Evangelical Converstation.
  • Cooper, Bill. The Authenticity of the Book of Genesis: A Study in Three Parts.
  • Cooper, Bill. After the Flood: The Early Post-Flood History of Europe Traced Back to Noah.
  • Collins, C. John. Reading Genesis Well: Navigating History, Poetry, Science, and Truth in Genesis 1-11.
  • Copan, Paul and Douglas Jacoby. Origins: The Ancient Impact and Modern Implications of Genesis 1-11.
  • *Currid, John D. Genesis Volume 1 (EP Study Commentary).
  • *Currid, John D. Genesis Volume 2 (EP Study Commentary).
  • Feinberg, Jeffrey Enoch. Walk Genesis! A Messianic Jewish Devotional Commentary (Walk Series).
  • Fruchtenbaum, Arnold. The Book of Genesis.
  • Gangel, Kenneth and Stephen J. Bramer. Holman Old Testament Commentary – Genesis.
  • *Goldingay, John. Genesis (Baker Commentary on the Old Testament: Pentateuch).
  • *Goldingay, John. Genesis for Everyone, Part 1: Chapters 1-16 (The Old Testament for Everyone).
  • *Goldingay, John. Genesis for Everyone, Part 2: Chapters 17-50 (The Old Testament for Everyone).
  • *Greiddanus, Sidney. Preaching Christ from Genesis.
  • *Guzik, David. Genesis: Verse By Verse Commentary.
  • *Ham, Ken. Creation to Babel: Genesis 1-11.
  • Hamilton, Victor P. The Book of Genesis (New International Commentary on the Old Testament Series) 1-17.
  • Hamilton, Victor P. The Book of Genesis (New International Commentary on the Old Testament Series) 18-50.
  • Helm, David R. and Jon M. Dennis. The Genesis Factor: Probing Life’s Big Questions.
  • Jeanson, Nathaniel T. The Lost Treasures of Genesis.
  • *Jordan, James B. Creation In Six Days: A Defense of the Traditional Reading of Genesis One.
  • *Hughes, R. Kent. Genesis: Beginning and Blessing (Preaching the Word).
  • Keiser, Thomas A. Genesis 1-11: In Literary Coherence and Theological Message.
  • *Kidner, Derek. Genesis (Kidner Classic Commentaries).
  • Kline, Meredith G. Genesis: A New Commentary.
  • Lennox, John. Seven Days That Divide The World: The Beginning According To Genesis and Science. 
  • *Lisle, Jason. Understanding Genesis.
  • *Lisle, Jason. Why Genesis Matters: Christian Doctrine and The Creation Account.
  • Longman III, Tremper. How To Read Genesis.
  • Longman III, Tremper. Genesis (The Story of God Bible Commentary Book 1).
  • *MacArthur, John F. Genesis 1 to 11: Creation, Sin, and the Nature of God (MacArthur Bible Studies)
  • Luther, Martin. Day by Day in Genesis.
  • Luther, Martin. Lectures on Genesis. Volumes 1-8(Luther’s Works).
  • *MacArthur, John F. Genesis 12 to 33: The Father of Israel (MacArthur Bible Studies).
  • *MacArthur, John F. Genesis 34 to 50: Jacob and Egypt (MacArthur Bible Studies)
  • Matthews, Kenneth. The New American Commentary: Genesis 1- 11:26 (New American Commentary) (Volume 1) 
  • Matthews, Kenneth. Genesis 11:27-50:26: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture (Volume 1) (The New American Commentary).
  • McIntosh, Andy. Genesis for Today: Showing the Relevance of the Creation/Evolution Debate to Today’s Society.
  • Montgomery, John Warwick. The Quest for Noah’s Ark.
  • *Morris, Henry M. The Genesis Record: A Scientific and Devotional Commentary on the Book of Beginnings.
  • *Leupold, H.C. Exposition of Genesis: Volumes 1 and 2.
  • Lloyd-Jones, Martin. The Gospel in Genesis: From Fig Leaves to Faith.
  • Louth, Andrew, ed. Genesis 1-11 (Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture Book 1)
  • Morris III, Henry M. Unlocking The Mysteries of Genesis: Explore the Science and Miracles of Creation.
  • Mortenson Terry and Thane H. Ury. Coming to Grips With Genesis.
  • Mortenson Terry. Searching for Adam: Genesis & the Truth About Man’s Origin.
  • Navigators. Genesis (LifeChange).
  • *Pink, A.W. Gleanings In Genesis.
  • Rhodes, Ron. 40 Days Through Genesis: Discover the Story That Started It All.
  • Rodovalho, Robson, and Gerald Schroeder. Scientific Commentaries On Genesis: Explaining The Scientific Phenomena Through The Original Hebrew Text And The Discoveries Of Modern Science.
  • *Ross, Allen. Creation And Blessing: A Guide To The Study And Exposition Of Genesis.
  • Sailhamer, John. Genesis (The Expositor’s Bible Commentary).
  • Sailhamer, John. Genesis Unbound: A Provocative New Look At The Creation Account.
  • Sarfati, Jonathan. The Genesis Account: A Theological, Historical, and Scientific Commentary on Genesis 1-11.
  • *Schaeffer, Francis. Genesis in Space and Time.
  • Schroeder, Gerald L. Genesis and the Big Bang Theory: The Discovery of Harmony Between Modern Science And The Bible.
  • Schroeder, Gerald L. Genesis One: A Physicist Looks at Creation.
  • Sheridan, Mark. , ed. Genesis 12-50 (Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture Book 1)
  • Steinmann, Andrew E. Genesis: An Introduction and Commentary (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries Book 1).
  • Vos, Howard. Genesis (Everyday Bible Commentary).
  • Waltke, Bruce and Cathi J. Fredricks. Genesis: A Commentary.
  • Walton, John H. Genesis (The NIV Application Commentary).
  • Walton, John H. The Lost World of Adam and Eve: Genesis 2-3 and the Human Origins Debate (The Lost World Series, vol. 1).
  • Walton, John H. The Lost World of the Flood: Mythology, Theology, and the Deluge Debate (The Lost World Series, Volume 5).
  • Walton, John H. The Lost World of Genesis One: Ancient Cosmology and the Origins Debate (The Lost World Series, vol. 2).
  • Watkin, Christopher. Thinking through Creation: Genesis 1 and 2 as Tools of Cultural Critique.
  • Wenham, Gordon J. Genesis 1-15 (Word Biblical Commentary).
  • Wenham, Gordon J. Genesis 16-50 (Word Biblical Commentary).
  • *Wiersbe, Warren W. Be Basic (Genesis 1-11): Believing the Simple Truth of God’s Word (The BE Series Commentary).
  • *Wiersbe, Warren W. Be Obedient (Genesis 12-25): Learning the Secret of Living by Faith (The BE Series Commentary).
  • *Wiersbe, Warren W. Be Authentic (Genesis 25-50): Exhibiting Real Faith in the Real World (The BE Series Commentary).
  • Wood, Leon J. A Shorter Commentary on Genesis.
  • Young, E.J. In The Beginning: Genesis 1-3 And The Authority of Scripture.
  • Young, E.J. Studies in Genesis One (International library of philosophy and theology: Biblical and theological studies series).

Geology

  • Biddle, Daniel. The Ark and the Darkness: Unearthing the Mysteries of Noah’s Flood.
  • Bokovov, Vail, Tom, John Hergenrather, Mike Oard. Your Guide to Grand Canyon (True North Series).
  • Bokovoy, Dennis, John Hergenrather, Mike Oard. Your Guide to Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks (True North Series).
  • Bokovoy, Dennis, Oard, Mike, Tom Vail, & John Hergenrather. Your Guide to Zion and Bryce Canyon (True North Series).
  • Brand, Leonard, and Art Chadwick. Faith, Reason, & Earth History: A Paradigm of Earth and Biological Origins by Intelligent Design.
  • Clarey, Timothy. Carved in Stone: Geologic Evidence of the Worldwide Flood.
  • Ham, Ken. A Flood of Evidence: 40 Reasons Noah and the Ark Still Matter.
  • Ham, Ken. The Global Flood: A biblical and scientific look at the catastrophe that changed the earth (Answers in Genesis Pocket Guides).
  • Hill, Carol and Gregg Davidson. The Grand Canyon, Monument to an Ancient Earth: Can Noah’s Flood Explain the Grand Canyon? (Old Earth View Presented)
  • Morris, John D. The Geology Book (Wonders of Creation Series).
  • Morris, John D. The Global Flood: Unlocking Earth’s Geologic History.
  • Morris, John. The Young Earth: The Real History of the Earth – Past, Present, and Future (Revised and Expanded).
  • *Snelling, Andrew. Earth’s Catastrophic Past: Geology, Creation, & The Flood.
  • Vail, Tom. Grand Canyon: A Different View.
  • *Whitcomb, John C. and Henry M. Morris. The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and Its Scientific Implications.

Intelligent Design

  • Ankerberg, John and High Ross. What Scientific Evidence Proves God Created & Designed the Universe?: Study Guide.
  • Behe, Michael, William A. Dembski, and Stephen C. Meyer. Science And Evidence For Design In The Universe.
  • Bergman, Jerry. Poor Design: An Invalid Argument Against Intelligent Design.
  • Brand, Leonard and Arthur Chadwick. Faith, Reason, & Earth History: A Paradigm of Earth and Biological Origins by Intelligent Design. 
  • Cassell, Eric. Animal Algorithms: Evolution and the Mysterious Origin of Ingenious Instincts.
  • Comfort, Ray. Intelligent Design Vs. Evolution: Letters to an Atheist.
  • Dembski, William A. Intelligent Design: The Bridge Between Science and Theology.
  • Dembski, William A., ed. Mere Creation: Science, Faith & Intelligent Design.
  • Dembski, William A. The Design Inference: Eliminating Chance Through Small Probabilities.
  • Dembski, William A. The Design Revolution: Answering the Toughest Questions About Intelligent Design.
  • Dembski, William A., and Jonathan Witt. The Intelligent Design Uncensored: An Easy- to-Understand Guide to the Controversy.
  • Dembski, William A. The Comprehensive Guide to Science and Faith: Exploring the Ultimate Questions About Life and the Cosmos.
  • Dembski, William A., and Sean McDowell. Understanding Intelligent Design: Everything You Need to Know in Plain Language.
  • Denton, Michael. Children of Light: The Astonishing Properties of Sunlight that Make Us Possible.
  • Denton, Michael J. Destiny: How The Laws Of Biology Reveal Purpose In The Universe.
  • Denton, Michael. Fire-Maker: How Humans Were Designed to Harness Fire and Transform Our Planet.
  • Denton, Michael. The Miracle of the Cell.
  • Denton, Michael. The Wonder of Water.
  • Eberlin, Marcos. Fore Sight: How the Chemistry of Life Reveals Planning and Purpose.
  • Gonzalez, Guillermo and Jay W. Richards. Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design (Christian Answers to Hard Questions).
  • Hedin, Eric. Canceled Science: What Some Atheists Don’t Want You to See.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Darwin on Trial.
  • Keas, Michael Newton. Unbelievable: 7 Myths About the History and Future of Science and Religion.
  • Klinghoffer, David, ed. The Unofficial Guide To Cosmos: Fact And Fiction In Neil Degrasse Tyson’s Landmark Science Series.
  • Leila, Matti & Jonathan Witt. Heretic: One Scientist’s Journey From Darwin To Design.
  • Lo, Thomas Y. Evolution and Intelligent Design in a Nutshell.
  • *Meyer, Stephen C. Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. Darwin’s Doubt: The Explosive Origin Of Animal Life And The Case For Intelligent Design.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. “Intelligent Design” in Four Views On Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design edited by J.B. Stump.
  • Meyer, Stephen C. Return of the God Hypothesis: Three Scientific Discoveries That Reveal the Mind Behind the Universe.
  • Moreland, J.P. The Creation Hypothesis: Scientific Evidence for an Intelligent Designer.
  • Thaxton, Charles B., ed. The Mystery of Life’s Origin.
  • Thomas, Neil. Taking Leave of Darwin: A Longtime Agnostic Discovers the Case for Design.
  • Travis, Melissa Cain. Science and The Mind of the Maker: What the Conversation Between Faith and Science Reveals About God.
  • *Wells, Jonathan. Icons of Evolution: Science or Myth? Why Much of What We teach About Evolution Is Wrong.
  • Wells, Jonathan. The Myth of Junk DNA.
  • Wells, Jonathan. The Politically Incorrect Guide to Darwinism and Intelligent Design.
  • Wells, Jonathan. Zombie Science: More Icons of Evolution.
  • Woodward, Thomas. Darwin Strikes Back: Defending the Science of Intelligent Design.
  • Websites Promoting Intelligent Design: intelligentdesign.org ; discovery.org ; intelligentdesignnetwork.org ; ideacenter.org ; biologicinstitute.org ; arn.org 

Naturalism/Materialism/ & Scientism Critiqued

  • Berlinski, David. The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and its Scientific Pretensions.
  • Copan, Paul and Charles Taliaferro, eds. The Naturalness of Belief: New Essays on Theism’s Rationality.
  • *Crain, Natasha. Faithfully Different: Regaining Biblical Clarity in a Secular Culture.
  • Dembski, William A., and Jonathan Wells. How To Be An Intellectually Fulfilled Atheist (or not).
  • Gange, Robert. Godless Folly: Scientific Observations That Refute Materialism.
  • Gordon, Bruce and William Dembski. The Nature of Nature: Examining the Role of Naturalism in Science.
  • Hunter, Cornelius G. Science’s Blind Spot: The Unseen Religion of Scientific Naturalism.
  • *Johnson, Phillip E. Reason in the Balance: The Case Against Naturalism in Science, Law Education
  • Johnson, Phillip E. The Wedge of Truth: Splitting The Foundations of Naturalism.
  • Lennox, John. Can Science Explain Everything?
  • Lennox, John. God’s Undertaker: Has Science Buried God?
  • *Meyer, Stephen C. Return of the God Hypothesis: Three Scientific Discoveries That Reveal the Mind Behind the Universe.
  • *Moreland, J.P. Christianity and the Nature of Science.
  • *Moreland, J.P. Scientism and Secularism: Learning to Respond to a Dangerous Ideology.
  • Nagel, Thomas. Mind And Cosmos: Why The Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False.
  • Plantinga, Alvin. Where The Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, & Naturalism.
  • Shepardson, Andrew J. Who’s Afraid of the Unmoved Mover?: Postmodernism and Natural Theology.
  • Stokes, Mitch. How To Be An Atheist: Why Skeptics Aren’t Skeptical Enough.
  • Turek, Frank. Stealing from God: Why Atheists Need God to Make Their Case.
  • Williams, Richard N. and Daniel N. Robinson, eds. Scientism: The New Orthodoxy.
  • West, John G. editor. The Magician’s Twin: C.S. Lewis on Science, Scientism, and Society.

YouTube Videos On Genesis, Creation, Science, the Bible, and Evolution

  • “*Nothing Left to Chance” (48:15) {R.C. Sproul, Ligonier Ministries}.
  • “An Interview with Michael J. Denton” (32:47).
  • “Blind Watchmaker? A Skeptical Look at Darwinism” (1:12:55) {Phillip E. Johnson}.
  • “God, Science & the Big Questions: Leading Christian Thinkers Respond to the New Atheism” (1:45:15) {Held at Biola University – with William Lane Craig, John Lennox, J.P. Moreland, and Hugh Hewitt}.
  • “Hugh Ross and Walter Kaiser vs. Ken Ham and Jason Lisle – Genesis Debate” (3:45:06).
  • “Hugh Ross and John Ankerberg – Genesis and Science” (2:49:36).
  • “*God and Evolution: The Problem with Theistic Evolution” – Stephen C. Meyer (1:02:36).
  • “The Origin of Life: Evolution vs. Design” [Full Debate between evolutionist, Michael Ruse and Reason to Believe’s – Fazale Rana, (2:28:35)].
  • “God & Evolution: A Critique of Theistic Evolution” (2:23:44) [with Stephen Meyer].
  • “Mathematical Challenges to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution with Berlinski, Meyer, and Gelerenter” (57:14).
  • “For the City: J.P. Moreland on “A Christian View of Science” (1:08:36).
  • “Hugh Ross talks Four Views on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design” (Part 1, 33:21).
  • “Creation – Evolution Debates – Dawkins vs. Lennox at Cambridge” (1:21:53).
  • “Intelligent Design Vs. Evolution 2.0 – Perry Marshall debates Stephen Meyer” (1:21:53).
  • “John Lennox: The Question of Science and God – Part 1 (47:34) {Socrates in the City Interview with Eric Metaxas}; Part 2 (58:28).
  • “John Lennox: Seven Days That Divide the World” (1:30:07) {Socrates in the City Lecture Introduction and MC’d by Eric Metaxas}.
  • “Eric Metaxas Interviews Stephen Meyer on Science and Faith” (1:11:42).
  • “Can Science Explain Everything? An Interview with John Lennox (1:30:09).
  • “Eric Metaxas: The Miracle of the Universe” (45:06).
  • “Dr. David Berlinski: The Devil’s Delusion: Atheism and Its Scientific Pretensions” (1:14:57) {Socrates in the City – Introduction by Eric Mataxas}.
  • “Michael Behe – Lee Strobel – Molecular Machines Disprove Evolution” (8:41).
  • “Michael Behe: Darwin Devolves” (1:01:24) {Socrates in the City Interview with Eric Metaxas}.
  • “Irreducible Complexity” (1:42:48) {Michael Behe on the Access Research Network}.
  • “From the Big Bang to Irreducible Complexity – Michael Behe, PhD” (58:18).
  • “What Are The Limits of Darwinism? A Presentation by Dr. Micahel Behe at the University of Toronto” (1:25:34).
  • “Stephen Meyer & Eric Metaxas Discuss Darwin’s Doubt at Socrates in the City” (1:25:48) {Socrates in the City Interview with Eric Metaxas}.
  • “Stephen Meyer: The Return of the God Hypothesis” (1:11:55) {Socrates in the City Interview with Eric Metaxas}.
  • “Ard Louis: Science and Faith” (1:18:45) {SITC Interview with Eric Metaxas}.
  • “Has Science Buried God? Oxford Professor, John Lennox, at SMU (1:11:25).
  • “*James Tour: The Mystery of the Origin of Life” (58:02).
  • “Does Science Make Faith Obsolete? James Tour at Mississippi State University” (1:57:11).
  • “Dr. Tour On The Origin of Life at Syracuse University Cru” (1:30:29).
  • “Science Refutes Evolution – Dr. James Tour” (59:29).
  • “**Dr. James Tour speaking about Evolution” (34:05).
  • “*James Tour: The Origin of Life Has Not Been Explained” (22:57).
  • “The Scientific Case For Intelligent Design – William Dembski, PhD” (45:34).
  • “Information and the End of Materialism – William Dembski, PhD” (44:09).
  • “Molecular Machines and the Death of Darwinism – Dembski, Wells, Nelson, Macosko” (43:15).
  • “Detecting Design in Biology” (1:51:31) {Access Research Network}.
  • “Hugh Ross – Origin of Life” (1:13:01).
  • “Hugh Ross – Beyond the Cosmos: How Science Reveals God’s Trans-Dimensional Power” (1:13:11).
  • “Hugh Ross vs. Ken Ham – TBN Debate” (1:14:18).
  • “Hugh Ross vs. Kent Hovind How Old Is The Earth” (2:35:43).
  • “Does Science Prove God’s Glory? Dr. Hugh Ross Regent University (29:27).
  • “Hugh Ross – The Flood of Noah” (1:09:14).
  • “Hugh Ross – Hubble Confirms Universe Expanding Faster Than Expected” (1:47:11).
  • “Inner Life of the Cell (Full Version)” (7:59).
  • “The Failure of Darwin’s Theory” (28:31) {Stephen Meyer on John Ankerberg}.
  • “Harmony Between Christianity and Science Michael Guillen” (8:02).
  • “Francis Collins: How I Became a Christian” (27:53).
  • “10 Top Christian Scientists on Science and Faith” (6:28).
  • “Stephen C. Meyer The Ben Shapiro Show Sunday Special Episode 43” (59:38).
  • “How Darwinists Think Lecture and Q&A Phillip E. Johnson” (1:39:51).
  • “Phillip E. Johnson on Darwinism” (57:58).
  • “Darwinism on Trial” (1:40:59) {Phillip E. Johnson}.
  • “Focus on Darwinism – An Interview with Phillip E. Johnson” (54:08).
  • “One Nation Under Darwin” (1:32:09) {Phillip E. Johnson}.
  • “Debate: Darwinism: Science or Naturalistic Philosophy? Phillip Johnson vs William Provine” (1:46:33).
  • “Darwinism: Science or Philosophy – Phillip E. Johnson” (58:06).
  • *“The New History of the Human Race” (Answers in Genesis: 26 videos approximately 30 minutes each featuring Ken Ham interviewing Dr. Nathaniel Jeanson’s genetical research based on his book Traced).

DVD’s Or Amazon Prime Available for Purchase:

  • *Beyond Is Genesis History? (2017-2018: 
  • *Debunking Evolution: What Every Christian Student Should Know (2016: Good for Families with young or teenagers to watch together; Two Teens interact with all the main issues related to Genesis and Science – humorous, sometimes corny, but helpful).
  • *Debunking The 7 Myths that Deny the Historicity of Genesis, Creation, and Noah’s Flood: A Video-based training program to help students keep their faith in college (2019).
  • *Dismantled: A Scientific Deconstruction of The Theory of Evolution (2020: Features Creationist Scientists: Drs. John Sanford, Georgia Purdon, Andrew Snelling, Jaso Lisle, and Nathaniel Jeanson).
  • *Evolution’s Achilles’ Heels (2014: 15 PhD scientists reveal the fatal flaws of evolutionary theory).
  • Genesis: Paradise Lost (2017: Features Answers in Genesis scientists employing scientific and historical research that makes a solid case for the historicity of Genesis).
  • *Incredible Creatures That Defy Evolution (2000, 2002, and 2006: Parts 1-3: Features Dr. Jobe Martin who was a professor of Dentistry at Baylor University and an evolutionist; these three videos show how the study of biology convinced him of the biblical creationist view – great series to watch with kids/teenagers as each video features amazing animals).
  • Is Genesis History? (2017: Features Del Tackett and a dozen scientists as they explore the science behind the history recorded in Genesis. From rock layers to fossils, from lions to stars, from the Bible to artifacts – very well done!).

Why I am Grateful for Martin Luther 

By Dr. David P. Craig

  1. For rediscovering the gospel in his diligent study of the Scriptures – The doctrines which led to the sola’s of the reformation – Sola Scriptura, Sola Fide, Sola Gratia, Solus Christus and Soli Deo Gloria.
  1. For showing biblically and modeling that marriage is good for the clergy. He and Katherine Von Bora modeled a loving marriage and where models of hospitality, personal evangelism, and discipleship in the home and in the church.
  1. For bringing congregational singing back into the church. Music was relegated to the professionals; he brought the entire congregation to participate in the worship service through singing and making music before the Lord – thus like the apostle Paul in Romans 11:33-36 modeling that good theology always leads to doxology.
  1. He made it possible for the congregation to not only participate in the Lord’s supper by eating of the bread; but also adding that all members of the congregation could drink of the cup (in RC only the priest could drink of the cup).
  1. Through his Small Catechism – Luther was arguably one of the first pastors to disciple children in the church (for years children were to be “seen and not heard”). He knew innately that the reformation would be finished if it were not for passing the baton to the next generations.
  1. I am inspired by his work ethic. He was tireless in preaching, writing, counseling, training, and getting the truths of the Bible out to every man, woman, and child in Germany and beyond for the glory of God.
  1. Though, Wycliffe had preceded him in translating the Bible into English; the advent of the printing press kicked his German translation of the Bible into high gear. The Bible in the language of the people was for the first time in history made affordable and readable for the common people – so they could read and interpret the Bible for themselves.
  1. I am grateful for Luther’s courage, faithfulness, and tireless efforts to fight for truth as revealed authoritatively and sufficiently in the Scriptures (despite great losses, cost and personal suffering). He will definitely be one of the first people I will look for, hug and thank when I get to Heaven!

Resources for Couples

COMPILED BY PASTOR DAVID P. CRAIG, Revised July 26, 2022 (Those Marked with an “*” are Highly Recommended)

MADE IN THE IMAGE OF GOD (The Imago Dei):

  • *Brand, Dr. Paul and Philip Yancey. Fearfully and Wonderfully: The Marvel of Bearing God’s Image.
  • Hoekema, Anthony A. Created in God’s Image.
  • Kilner, John F. Dignity and Destiny: Humanity in the Image of God.
  • Lints, Richard. Identity and Idolatry: The Image of God and Its Inversion.
  • Seamands, Stephen. Ministry in the Image of God: The Trinitarian Shape of Christian Service.
  • *Sproul, R.C. The Hunger for Significance: Seeing the Image of God in Man.
  • *Wilkin, Jen. In His Image: 10 Ways God Calls Us to Reflect His Character.

THE SINGLE CHRISTIAN

  • *Alberry Sam. 7 Myths About Singleness.
  • Ballenger, Mark. The Ultimate Guide to Christian Singleness.
  • Chediak, Alex. With One Voice: Singleness, Dating & Marriage to the Glory of God.
  • Cloud, Henry and John Townsend. Boundaries in Dating: How Healthy Choices Grow Healthy Relationships
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Love Languages Singles Edition: The Secret That Will Revolutionize Your Relationships
  • *Hiestand, Gerald, and Jay S. Thomas. Sex, Dating, and Relationships: A Fresh Approach.
  • Maxson, J. Robin and Garry Friesen. “I Do” or Do I? Are You Ready To Change Your Relationship Status?
  • Maxson, J. Robin and Garry Friesen. Singleness, Marriage, and the Will of God.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. and Kevin McConaghy. Outdated: Find Love That Lasts When Dating Has Changed.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. and Kevin McConaghy. Welcome to Adulting: Navigating Faith, Friendship, Finances, and the Future.
  • *Pokluda, J.P. Welcome to Adulting Survival Guide: 42 Days to Navigate Life.
  • Rineheart, Stacy T., and Paula Rinehart. Choices: Finding God’s Way in Dating, Sex, Marriage, and Singleness.
  • *Phillips, Richard D., and Sharon L. Holding Hands, Holding Hearts: Recovering a Biblical View of Christian Dating.
  • Priolo, Lou. Danger Signs of an Unhealthy Dating Relationship.
  • *Segal, Marshall. Not Yet Married: The Pursuit of Joy in Singleness and Dating.
  • Smith, William P. Starting Over: How Not to Screw Up Your Next Relationship.
  • Smith, William P. Who Should I Date?: Relationship Advice for the Real World.
  • *Strachan, Owen. Whole in Christ: A Biblical Approach to Singleness.
  • *Stuart, Ben. Single, Dating, Engaged, Married: Navigating Life and Love in the Modern Age.
  • *Sweet, Jenilyn. Singleness: Living Faithfully (31-Day Devotionals for Life).

BEFORE GETTING ENGAGED/MARRIED

  • *Baker, Ernie. Marry Wisely, Marry Well.
  • Burns, Jim & Fields, Doug. Getting Ready for Marriage: A Practical Road Map for Your Journey Together.
  • Chapman, Gary. Things I Wish I’d Known Before We God Married.
  • Green, Rob. Tying the Knot: A Premarital Guide to a Strong and Lasting Marriage.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard F. I Promise You: Preparing For A Marriage That Will Last a Lifetime.
  • Mack, Wayne A. Preparing for Marriage God’s Way: A Step-By-Step Guide for Marriage Success Before and After the Wedding.
  • McKinley, Mike. Engagement: Preparing for Marriage (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Parrott, Les & Leslie. Saving Your Marriage Before It Starts: Seven Questions To Ask Before and After You Marry.
  • Piper, John. Preparing for Marriage: Help for Christian Couples.
  • Roberts, Wes & Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do.”
  • Smalley, Greg and Erin. Before You Plan Your Wedding…Plan Your Marriage.
  • Smalley, Greg and Erin. Ready to Wed: 12 Ways to Start a Marriage You’ll Love.
  • Smith, William P. Should We Get Married?: How to Evaluate Your Relationship.
  • Thomas, Gary. 9 Must Have Conversations For a Doubt-Free Wedding Day.
  • Thomas, Gary. Preparing Your Heart for Marriage: Devotions for Engaged Couples.
  • *Thomas, Gary. The Sacred Search: What if It’s Not about Who You Marry, but Why?
  • *Wright, H. Norman. 101 Questions to ask Before You Get Engaged.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do”: A Marriage Preparation Guide for Couples.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Before You Say “I Do” Devotional: Building a Spiritual Foundation for Your Life Together.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Starting Out Together: A Devotional for Dating or Engaged Couples.

MARRIAGE

  • *Ash, Christopher. Married For God: Making Your Marriage the Best It Can Be.
  • Begg, Alistair. Lasting Love. How to Avoid Marital Failure.
  • Chan, Francis and Lisa. You And Me Forever: Marriage In Light of Eternity.
  • Chapell, Bryan. Each For The Other: Marriage As It’s Meant To Be.
  • Chapman, Gary. Happily Ever After: Six Secrets to a Successful Marriage.
  • *Chapman, Gary. The 4 Seasons of Marriage: Secrets to a Lasting Marriage.
  • Chester, Tim. Gospel-Centered Marriage: Becoming the Couple God Wants You to Be.
  • Crabb, Larry. The Marriage Builder. Creating Oneness To Transform Your Marriage.
  • *Farley, William P. Marriage In Paradise: How to Have a Genesis two Marriage in a Genesis three World.
  • *Curt Hamner, John Trent, et al. Marriage: Its Foundation, Theology, and Mission in a Changing World.
  • *Ingram, Chip. Marriage That Works: God’s Way of Becoming Spiritual Soul Mates, Best Friends, and Passionate Lovers.
  • *Keller, Timothy and Kathy. The Meaning of Marriage: Facing the Complexities of Commitment with the Wisdom of God.
  • Kostenberger, Andreas J. & Jones  David W. God, Marriage, and Family. Rebuilding The Biblical Foundation.
  • *LaPierre, Scott. Your Marriage God’s Way: A Biblical Guide to a Christ-Centered Relationship.
  • Lewis, Robert & Hendricks, William. Rocking The Roles: Building a Win-Win Marriage.
  • Mead, Peter. Lost in Wonder: A Biblical Introduction to God’s Great Marriage.
  • *Ortlund, Ray. Marriage and the Mystery of the Gospel.
  • Piper, John. This Momentary Marriage: A Parable of Permanence.
  • Rainey, Dennis & Barbara. Starting Your Marriage Right: What You Need To Know In The Early Years To Make It Last a Lifetime.
  • Rainey, Dennis & Barbara. Staying Close: Stopping The Natural Drift Toward Isolation in Marriage.
  • *Savage, Timothy B. No Ordinary Marriage: Together For God’s Glory.
  • Smalley, Erin. Reconnected: Moving from Roommates to Soulmates in Marriage (Focus on the Family)
  • Smalley, Gary. The DNA of Relationships: Discover How You Are designed for Satisfying Relationships.
  • Smalley, Gary & Trent, John. Love is a Decision: Proven Techniques to Keep Your Marriage Alive and Lively.
  • Smalley, Gary and Shawn Stoever. The Wholehearted Marriage: Fully Engaging Your Most Important Relationship.
  • Smith, Winston T. Marriage Matters: Extraordinary Change Through Ordinary Moments.
  • *Sproul, R.C. The Intimate Marriage: A Practical Guide To Building A Great Marriage.
  • *Swindoll, Charles R. Marriage From Surviving to Thriving.
  • Thomas, Gary. A Lifelong Love: How to Have Lasting Intimacy, friendship, and Purpose in Your Marriage.
  • Thomas, Gary. Cherish: The One Word That Changes Everything For Your Marriage.
  • Thomas, Gary. Sacred Marriage: What If God Designed Marriage to Make Us Holy More Than to Make Us Happy?
  • Towns, Ruth and Elmer. How To Build a Lasting Marriage: Lessons From Biblical Couples.
  • *Tripp, Paul David. Marriage: 6 Gospel Commitments Every Couple Needs to Make.
  • Wright, H. Norman. After You Say “I Do.”
  • Wright, H. Norman. 101 Ways To Build a Stronger, More Exciting Marriage.
  • Young, Ed. The 10 Commandments of Marriage: The Do’s and Don’s for a Lifelong Covenant.

LEARNING TO MEET ONE ANOTHER’S NEEDS

  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Love & Respect: The Love She Most Desires, The Respect He Desperately Needs.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard F. He Wins, She Wins: Learning The Art of Marital Negotiation; His Needs Her Needs: Building an Affair-Proof Marriage; Love Busters: Protect Your Marriage by Replacing Love-Busting Patterns with Love-Building Habits.

MEN AND WOMEN: ENJOYING THE DIFFERENCES

  • Burke, H. Dale. Different by Design: God’s Master Plan For Harmony Between Men and Women in Marriage.
  • Crabb, Larry. Men and Women: Enjoying The Difference.
  • *Farrel, Bill and Pam. Men Are Like Waffles Women Are Like Spaghetti: Understanding and Delighting in Your Differences.
  • *Farrel, Bill and Pam. Why Men and Women Act The Way They Do.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a New Husband by Friday: How to Change His Attitude, Behavior & Communication in 5 Days.
  • MacArthur, John. Divine Design: God’s Complementary Roles For Men and Women.
  • Peacock, Gavin & Strachan, Owen. The Grand Design: Male and Female He Made Them.
  • Smalley, Gary. For Better or for Best: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Husband.
  • Smalley, Gary. If Only He Knew: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Wife.
  • Strauch, Alexander. Men and Women: Equal Yet Different.
  • Strachan, Owen and Jonathan Parnell. Designed for Joy: How the Gospel Impacts Men and Women, Identity and Practice.

COMMUNICATION 

  • Bechtle, Mike. How to Communicate with Confidence.
  • Brown, Steve. How to Talk So People Will Listen.
  • *Chapman, Gary. Now You’re Speaking My Language: Honest Communication and Deeper Intimacy for a Stronger Marriage.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Cracking The Communication Code With Your Mate: The Secret of Speaking Your Mate’s Language.
  • Petersen, James C. Why Don’t We Listen Better?: Communicating & Connecting in Relationships
  • *Tripp, Paul David. War of Words: Getting to the Heart of Your Communication Struggles.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. Communication: Key to Your Marriage – The Secret To True Happiness.

CONFLICT

  • Chapman, Gary. Everybody Wins: The Chapman Guide to Solving Conflicts without Arguing (Chapman Guides).
  • Chapman, Gary. Home Improvements: The Chapman Guide to Negotiating Change with Your Spouse (Chapman Guides).
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Apology Languages: The Secret to Healthy Relationships.
  • *Chapman, Gary & Thomas, Jennifer. When Sorry Isn’t Enough: Making Things Right With Those You Love.
  • *Harvey, Dave. When Sinners Say “I Do”: The Power of the Gospel for Marriage.
  • *Hoppe, Steve. Marriage Conflict: Talking as Teammates (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • *Kendall, R.T. Total Forgiveness.
  • *Lutzer, Erwin W. When You Have Been Wronged: Moving From Bitterness To Forgiveness.
  • *Priolo, Lou. Resolving Conflict: How to Make, Disturb, and Keep Peace.
  • *Sande, Ken. The Peacemaker: A Biblical Guide to Resolving Personal Conflict.
  • *Scott, Stuart. Communication and Conflict Resolution: A Biblical Perspective.
  • Smalley, Greg. Fight Your Way to a Better Marriage: How Healthy Conflict Can Take You to Deeper Levels of Intimacy.
  • Smalley, Greg. Reconnected: Moving from Roommates to Soulmates in Marriage.

COURTSHIP AFTER MARRIAGE

  • Begg, Alistair. Lasting Love: How To Avoid Marital Failure.
  • Buzzard, Justin. Date Your Wife: A Husband’s Guide.
  • Harley, Jr. Willard F. Fall In Love, Stay In Love.
  • Mack, Wayne A. Sweethearts for a Lifetime: Making the Most of Your Marriage (Strength for Life).
  • *Smalley, Greg and Erin Smalley. Crazy Little Thing Called Marriage: 12 Secrets for a Lifelong Romance.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Making Love Last Forever.
  • *Smalley, Gary and Shawn Stoever. The Wholehearted Marriage: Fully Engaging Your Most Important Relationship.
  • *Ziglar, Zig. Courtship After Marriage: Romance Can Last A Lifetime.

DEVOTIONALS

  • Chapman, Gary. The One Year Love Language Minute Devotional: A 365-Day Devotional for Christian Couples.
  • Chapman, Gary. The Love as a Way of Life Devotional: A Ninety-Day Adventure That Makes Love a Daily Habit.
  • Dobson, James C. Night Light: A Devotional for Couples.
  • Harley, Willard F. and Joyce S. Joyce. Draw Close: A Devotional for Couples.
  • Keller, Timothy and Kathy Keller. The Meaning of Marriage: A Couple’s Devotional: A Year of Daily Devotions.
  • Kendrick, Stephen and Alex. The Love Dare Day by Day: A Year of Devotions for Couples.
  • Rainey, Dennis and Barbara Rainey. Moments Together for Couples: 365 Daily Devotions for Drawing Near to God & One Another.
  • Thomas, Gary. Devotions for a Sacred Marriage: A Year of Weekly Devotions for Couples.
  • *Wright, H. Norman. After You Say “I Do” Devotional: Meditations for Every Couple.

FINANCES

  • *Alcorn, Randy. Managing God’s Money: A Biblical Guide.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. Money, Possessions, and Eternity: A Comprehensive Guide to What the Bible Says about Financial Stewardship, Generosity, Materialism, Retirement, Financial Planning, Gambling, Debt, and More.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. The Law of Rewards: Giving what you can’t keep to gain what you can’t lose.
  • *Alcorn, Randy. The Treasure Principle, Revised and Updated: Unlocking the Secret of Joyful Giving.
  • Blue, Ron. Master Your Money: A Step-By-Step Plan For Experiencing Contentment. 
  • Blue, Ron & Burkett, Larry. Your Money After The Big 5-0. Wealth For The Second Half of Life.
  • *Dayton, Howard. Marriage and Money God’s Way.
  • *Dayton, Howard. Your Money Counts: The Biblical Guide to Earning, Spending, Saving, Investing, Giving, and Getting Out of Debt
  • Keller, Timothy. Counterfeit Gods: The Empty Promises of Money, Sex, and Power, and the Only Hope that Matters.
  • *Lowe, Cherie. Slaying the Debt Dragon: How One Family Conquered Their Money Monster and Found an Inspired Happily Ever After.
  • MacArthur, John. Whose Money Is It Anyway?
  • Ramsey, Dave. Financial Peace Revisited; The Complete Guide to Money; The Money Answer Book; The Total Money Makeover; The Financial Peace Planner: A Step-by-Step Guide to Restoring Your Family’s Financial Health.
  • Tripp, Paul David. Sex and Money: Pleasures That Leave You Empty and Grace That Satisfies. 
  • *Wood, William C. Getting a Grip on Your Money: A Plain & Simple Christian Guide to Managing Personal Finances, Eliminating Debt, Spending, Saving & Giving, Investing for the Future.
  • Yates, Cynthia. Living Well On One Income: In a Two-Income World. 

LOVE LANGUAGES

  • *Chapman, Gary. The Five Love Languages: How To Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. The Language of Love and Respect: Cracking the Communication Code with Your Mate.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. 6 Secrets to a Lasting Love: Recapturing Your Dream Marriage.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. The 5 Love Needs of Men & Women.
  • *Smalley, Gary & Trent, John. The Language of Love: The Secret To Being Instantly Understood. 
  • *Trent, John and Gary Smalley. The Two Sides of Love: The Secret to Valuing Differences.

MEN AND WOMEN IN MINISTRY

  • *DeYoung, Kevin. Men and Women in the Church: A Short, Biblical, Practical Introduction.
  • Gilbert, Greg. Can Women Be Pastors?
  • *Grudem, Wayne, ed. Biblical Foundations for Manhood and Womanhood.
  • *Kostenberger, Margaret E. God’s Design for Man and Woman. A Biblical-Theological Survey.
  • *Kostenberger, Andreas J. and Thomas R. Schreiner, et al. Women in the Church: An Interpretation and Application of 1 Timothy 2:9-15.
  • *Piper, John and Grudem, Wayne. 50 Crucial Questions: An Overview of Central Concerns about Manhood and Womanhood.
  • *Piper, John and Grudem, Wayne editors. Recovering Biblical Manhood & Womanhood: A Response To Evangelical Feminism.
  • Saucy, Robert, and Judith TenElshof. Women and Men in Ministry: A Complementary Perspective.

PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES

  • *Biehl, Bobb. Why You Do What You Do.
  • *LaHaye, Tim. Spirit-Controlled Temperament.
  • *LaHaye, Tim. Why You Act The Way You Do.
  • *Leman, Kevin. The Birth Order Book: Why You Are The Way You Are.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus At Work.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus For Couples: Understanding Yourself and the One You Love
  • *Littauer, Florence. Wired That Way: A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding and Maximizing Your Personality Type.
  • Smalley, Gary and Robert S. Paul. The DNA of Relationships for Couples.

SEXUAL INTIMACY: BECOMING ONE

  • Ash, Christopher. How Should Christians Think about Sex? (Questions for Restless Minds).
  • *Ash, Christopher. Marriage: Sex in the Service of God.
  • Cutrer, William & Glahn, Sandra. Sexual Intimacy In Marriage.
  • Dobson, James. Head Over Heels: How To Fall In Love and Land On Your Feet.
  • Harley, Jr. Willard F. Five Steps To Romantic Love: A Workbook for Readers of Love Busters and His Needs, Her Needs.
  • Howes, Ryan, Rupp, Richard, Simpson, Stephen W. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Sex: A Guide For Christian Men.
  • LaHaye, Tim & Beverly. The Act of Marriage: The Beauty of Sexual Love.
  • Leman, Kevin. Sex Begins In the Kitchen; Sheet Music: Uncovering the Secrets of Sexual Intimacy in Marriage.
  • McBurney, Louis & Melissa. Real Questions, Real Answers About Sex.
  • McCluskey, Christopher & Rachel. When Two Become One: Enhancing Sexual Intimacy In Marriage.
  • Rosberg, Gary and Barbara Rosberg. The 5 Sex Needs of Men & Women.
  • *Wheat, Ed & Gaye. Intended For Pleasure: Sex Technique and Sexual Fulfillment in Christian Marriage.

IF YOUR MARRIAGE IS IN SERIOUS TROUBLE

  • *Chapman, Gary. Hope For The Separated: Wounded Marriages Can Be Healed.
  • *Chapman, Gary. Loving Your Spouse When You Feel Like Walking Away: Real Help for Desperate Hearts in Difficult Marriages.
  • *Chapman, Gary. One More Try: What to Do When Your Marriage Is Falling Apart.
  • *Dobson, James. Love Must Be Tough: New Hope For Marriages In Crisis.
  • Gambola, Michael Scott. After an Affair: Pursuing Restoration.
  • *Harley, Jr. Willard H. & Chalmers, Jennifer Harley. Surviving An Affair.
  • Jones, Robert D. Restoring Your Broken Marriage: Healing After Adultery.
  • *Kruger, Mellissa and Michael Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Smith, Winston T. Help! My Spouse Committed Adultery: First Steps for Dealing with Betrayal.
  • *Strobel, Lee & Leslie. Surviving A Spiritual Mismatch In Marriage.
  • *Summers, Mike. Help! My Spouse Has Been Unfaithful.

Web Resources For Marriage

www.5lovelanguages.com(Gary Chapman Resources for Marriage)

www.crown.org/(Founded by Larry Burkett – Excellent Financial Resources)

www.daveramsey.com/ (Resources for Dave Ramsey on Finances)

www.familylife.com (A Cru Ministry with Resources for Marriage and Parenting)

www.focusonthefamily.com (Founded by James Dobson – Marriage and Parenting)

www.marriagebuilders.com/(Ministry Resources of Dr. Willard F. Harley)

www.PaulTripp.com (Resources for Marriage and Parenting from Paul David Tripp)

www.smalleyinstitute.com (Resources from Gary and Greg Smalley on Marriage)

Biblical Manhood

  • Briscoe, Stuart. The One Year Devotions for Men with Stuart Briscoe.
  • Challies, Tim. Sexual Detox: A Guide for Guys Who Are Sick of Porn.
  • Challies, Tim. Run to Win: The Lifelong Pursuits of a Godly Man.
  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Love Languages for Men: Tools for Making a Good Relationship Great.
  • Coekin, Richard. Men of God.
  • Crabb, Larry. Men of Courage: God’s Call to Move Beyond the Silence of Adam.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. The New Man: Becoming a Man After God’s Heart.
  • Evans, Tony. No More Excuses: Be the Man God Made You to Be.
  • Farrar, Steve. Tempered Steel: How God Shapes a Man’s Heart through Adversity.
  • *Foster, Michael. It’s Good To Be A Man: A Handbook for Godly Masculinity.
  • *Getz, Gene. The Measure of a Man: Twenty Attributes of a Godly Man.
  • Hanson, Brant. The Men We Need: God’s Purpose for the Manly Man, the Avid Indoorsman, or Any Man Willing to Show Up.
  • *Hughes, R. Kent. Disciplines of a Godly Man.
  • *Lambert, Heath. Finally Free (pornography).
  • MacDonald, Gordon. Ordering Your Private World.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven Men: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven More Men: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • *Morely, Patrick. How God Makes Men: Ten Epic Stories. Ten Proven Principles. One Huge Promise for Your Life.
  • *Morely, Patrick. The Man in the Mirror: Solving the 24 Problems Men Face.
  • *Ortlund, Ray. The Death of Porn: Men of Integrity Building a World of Nobility.
  • *Phillips, Richard D. The Masculine Mandate: God’s Calling to Men.
  • Rainey, Dennis. Stepping Up: A Call to Courageous Manhood.
  • Scott, Stuart. Biblical Manhood: Masculinity, Leadership and Decision.
  • *Smalley, Gary, Greg Salley, and Michael Smalley. Men’s Relational Toolbox.
  • Smith, Rhett. What it Means to be a Man: God’s Design for Us in a World Full of Extremes.
  • *Storms, Sam. Daily Strength: A Devotional for Men.
  • *Weber, Stu. Tender Warrior: Every Man’s Purpose, Every Woman’s Dream, Every Child’s Hope.
  • Wolgemuth, Robert. Lies Men Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free.

Being a Good Dad

  • *Beeke, Joel. How Should Men Lead Their Families?
  • Chandler, Matt and Adam Griffin. Family Discipleship: Leading Your Home Through Time, Moments, and Milestones.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Anchor Man: How a Father Can Anchor His Family in Christ for the Next 100 Years.
  • *Farrar, Steve. King Me: King Me: What Every Son Wants and Needs From His Father.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Point Man: How A Man Can Lead His Family.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Battle Ready: Prepare to Be Used by God.
  • *Farrar, Steve. God Built: Forged by God … in the Bad and Good of Life.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Real Valor: A Charge to Nurture and Protect Your Family.
  • *Farrar, Steve. Standing Tall: How a Man Can Protect His Family.
  • Fuller, John. First Time Dad: The Stuff You Really Need to Know.
  • Leman, Kevin. Be the Dad She Needs You to Be: The Indelible Imprint a Father Leaves on His Daughter’s Life.
  • *Lewis, Robert. Raising a Modern-Day Knight: A Father’s Role in Guiding His Son to Authentic Manhood.
  • Michael, David. A Father’s Guide to Blessing His Children (Family Discipleship).
  • *Smalley, Gary and John Trent. The Blessing.
  • Tyson, Jon. The Intentional Father: A Practical Guide to Raise Sons of Courage and Character.

Being a Good Husband

  • *Buzzard, Justin. Date Your Wife.
  • *Dobson, James. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Women.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. The Love & Respect Experience: A Husband-Friendly Devotional That Wives Truly Love.
  • *Evans, Tony. For Married Men Only: Three Principles for Loving Your Wife.
  • Howes, Ryan, Rupp, Richard, Simpson, Stephen W. What Wives Wish Their Husbands Knew About Sex: A Guide For Christian Men.
  • *Kruger, Michael and Melissa Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Mahaney, C.J. & Carol. Sex, Romance, And The Glory of God: What Every Christian Husband Needs To Know.
  • *Priolo, Lou. The Complete Husband: A Practical Guide for Improved Husbanding.
  • *Scott, Stuart. The Exemplary Husband: A Biblical Perspective.
  • *Smalley, Gary. If Only He Knew: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Wife.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Winning Your Wife Back Before It’s Too Late.
  • Weathers, Mark A. How to Pray for Your Wife: A 31-Day Guide.

Mid-Life Helps

  • Arterburn, Stephen. 6 Ways for Men to Thrive in Midlife.
  • Arterburn, Stephen. Midlife Manual for Men: Finding Significance in the Second Half.
  • *Buford, Bob. Finishing Well: The Adventure of Life Beyond Halftime.
  • *Buford, Bob. Halftime: Moving from Success to Significance.
  • Chester, Tim. You Can Change: God’s Transforming Power for Our Sinful Behavior and Negative Emotions.
  • Dunlop, John, MD. Finishing Well to the Glory of God: Strategies from a Christian Physician.
  • MacDonald, Gordon. Mid-Course Correction: Re-Ordering Your Private World for the Second Half of Life.
  • Peppin, Bruce. The Best Is Yet to Be: Moving Mountains in Midlife.
  • *Swenson MD, Richard. Margin: Restoring Emotional, Physical, Financial, and Time Reserves to Overloaded Lives.
  • *Tripp, Paul David. Lost in the Middle: MidLife and the Grace of God: Mid-Life Crisis and the Grace of God.
  • Wright, H. Norman. What’s Next?: Navigating Transitions to Make the Rest of Your Life Count.
  • Ziglar, Zig. Better Than Good: Creating a Life You Can’t Wait to Live.

Biblical Womanhood

  • *Dodds, Abigail. (A)Typical Woman: Free, Whole, and Called in Christ.
  • *Elliott, Elisabeth. Let Me Be A Woman.
  • *Elliott, Elisabeth. Passion and Purity: Learning to Bring Your Love Life Under Christ’s Control.
  • Furman, Gloria and Kathleen B. Nielsen. Word-Filled Women’s Ministry: Loving and Serving the Church.
  • *Haykin, Michael A. G. Eight Women of Faith.
  • *Hughes, Barbara. Disciplines of a Godly Woman.
  • *Hunt, Susan. By Design: God’s Distinctive Calling for Women.
  • *Hunt, Susan. The True Woman: The Beauty and Strength of a Godly Woman.
  • *Hunt, Susan. The Legacy of Biblical Womanhood.
  • *Hunt, Susan. Women’s Ministry in the Local Church.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Feminist Mistake: The Radical Impact of Feminism on Church and Culture.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Right Kind of Confident: The Remarkable Grit of a God-Fearing Woman.
  • *Kassian, Mary A. The Right Kind of Strong: Surprisingly Simple Habits of a Spiritually Strong Woman.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. 12 Faithful Women: Portraits of Steadfast Endurance.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. Growing Together: Taking Mentoring beyond Small Talk and Prayer Requests.
  • *Kruger, Melissa. Identity Theft: Reclaiming the Truth of our Identity in Christ.
  • Nielson, Kathleen. Women and God: Hard Questions, Beautiful Truth.
  • McLaughlin, Rebecca. Jesus though the Eyes of Women: How the First Female Disciples Help Us Know and Love the Lord.
  • Metaxas, Eric. Seven Women: And the Secret of Their Greatness.
  • Ortlund, Anne. Disciplines of the Beautiful Woman.
  • Ortlund, Jani. Fearlessly Feminine: Boldly Living God’s Plan for Womanhood.
  • *Peace, Martha. Becoming a Titus 2 Woman.
  • *Saffles, Gretchen. The Well-Watered Woman: Rooted in Truth, Growing in Grace, Flourishing in Faith.
  • *Scazzero, Geri. The Emotionally Healthy Woman: Eight Things You Have to Quit to Change Your Life.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Adorned: Living Out the Beauty of the Gospel Together.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Biblical Portrait of Womanhood: Discovering and Living Out God’s Plan for our Lives.
  • *Wolgemuth, Nancy DeMoss. Lies Women Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free.

Being a Good Mom

  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Mother and Son: The Respect Effect.
  • *Engelsma, Esther. How Can I Feel Productive as a Mom?
  • *Ferrer, Hillary Morgan. Mama Bear Apologetics: Empowering Your Kids to Challenge Cultural Lies.
  • *Ferrer, Hillary Morgan. Mama Bear Apologetics: Guide to Sexuality: Empowering Your Kids to Understand and Live Out God’s Design.
  • Furman, Gloria. Labor with Hope: Gospel Meditations on Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Motherhood.
  • *Furman, Gloria. Missional Motherhood: The Everyday Ministry of Motherhood in the Grand Plan of God (The Gospel Coalition).
  • Furman, Gloria. Treasuring Christ When Your Hands Are Full: Gospel Meditations for Busy Moms.
  • Gresh, Dannah. A Mom’s Guide to Lies Girls Believe: And the Truth that Sets Them Free (Lies We Believe).
  • Halberstadt, Abbie. M Is for Mama: A Rebellion Against Mediocre Motherhood.
  • *Hunt, Susan. Spiritual Mothering: The Titus 2 Model for Women Mentoring Women.
  • Jensen, Emily and Laura Wifler. Risen Motherhood: Gospel Hope for Everyday Moments.
  • Leman, Kevin. What a Difference a Mom Makes: The Indelible Imprint a Mom Leaves on Her Son’s Life.
  • Wann, Liz. The End of Me: Finding Resurrection Life in the Daily Sacrifices of Motherhood.

Being a Good Wife

  • *Evans, Tony. For Married Women Only: Three Principles for Honoring Your Husband.
  • *Kruger, Michael and Melissa Kruger. 5 Things to Pray for Your Spouse: Prayers That Change and Strengthen Your Marriage.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a New Husband by Friday: How to Change His Attitude, Behavior & Communication in 5 Days.
  • *Peace, Martha. The Excellent Wife: A Biblical Perspective.
  • *Smalley, Erin. *10 Things a Husband Needs from His Wife: Everyday Ways to Show Him Love.
  • *Smalley, Erin, Greg, and Gary. The Wholehearted Wife: 10 Keys to a More Loving Relationship.
  • *Smalley, Gary. For Better or Best: A Valuable Guide to Knowing, Understanding, and Loving Your Husband.
  • *Smalley, Gary. Winning Your Husband Back Before It’s Too Late.
  • Thomas, Gary L. Loving Him Well: Practical Advice On Influencing Your Husband.

Vocation and Calling

  • Chapman, Gary. The 5 Languages of Appreciation in the Workplace: Empowering Organizations by Encouraging People.
  • Challies, Tim. Do More Better: A Practical Guide to Productivity.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. Work: Its Purpose, Dignity, and Transformation.
  • Doriani, Daniel M. Work That Makes a Difference.
  • *Grudem, Wayne. Business for the Glory of God: The Bible’s Teaching on the Moral Goodness of Business.
  • Guinness, Os. The Call: Finding and Fulfilling God’s Purpose for Your Life.
  • *Hamilton, James M. Work and Our Labor in the Lord. 
  • Kaemingk, Matthew and Cory B. Willson. Work and Worship: Reconnecting Our Labor and Liturgy.
  • *Keller, Timothy. Every Good Endeavor: Connecting Your Work to God’s Work.
  • *Littauer, Florence. Personality Plus At Work.
  • *Nelson, Tom. Work Matters: Connecting Sunday Worship to Monday Work.
  • O’Donnell, Michaela. Make Work Matter: Your Guide to Meaningful Work in a Changing World.
  • Perman, Matt. What’s Best Next: How the Gospel Transforms the Way You Get Things Done.
  • Rodin, R. Scott. Stewards in the Kingdom: A Theology of Life in All Its Fullness.
  • Smith, Gordon T. Consider Your Calling: Six Questions for Discerning Your Vocation.
  • Stevens, R. Paul and Tom Force. Aging Matters: Finding Your Calling for the Rest of Your Life.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Doing God’s Business: Meaning and Motivation for the Marketplace.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. The Other Six Days: Vocation, Work, and Ministry in Biblical Perspective.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Taking Your Soul to Work: Overcoming the Nine Deadly Sins of the Workplace.
  • Stevens, R. Paul. Work Matters: Lessons from Scripture.
  • Palmer, Parker J. Let Your Life Speak: Listening for the Voice of Vocation.
  • Pennings, Ray. How Can I Serve God at Work?
  • *Veith, Gene Edward Jr. God at Work: Your Christian Vocation in All of Life.

Relational Help

  • Brauns, Chris. Unpacking Forgiveness: Biblical Answers for Complex Questions and Deep Wounds.
  • Chapman, Gary. Anger: Taming a Powerful Emotion.
  • Clinton, Tim and Gary Sibcy. Why You Do the Things You Do: The Secret to Healthy Relationships.
  • Cloud, Henry and John Townsend. Boundaries: When to Say YES, When to say NO To Take Control of Your Life.
  • Crabb, Larry. Connecting: Healing Ourselves and Our Relationships.
  • Crabb, Larry. Understanding People: Why We Long for Relationship.
  • Crabtree, Sam. Practicing Affirmation: God-Centered Praise of Those Who Are Not God.
  • Crabtree, Sam. Practicing Thankfulness: Cultivating a Grateful Heart in All Circumstances.
  • Dykas, Ellen Mary. Toxic Relationships: Taking Refuge in Christ (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Gifford, Greg. Heart & Habits: How We Change for Good.
  • Ingram, Chip and Becca Johnson. Overcoming Emotions that Destroy: Practical Help for Those Angry Feelings That Ruin Relationships.
  • Jones, Robert D. Pursuing Peace: A Christian Guide to Handling Our Conflicts.
  • *Kendall, R.T. Controlling the Tongue: Mastering the What, When, and Why of the Words You Speak.
  • *Kendall, R.T. Total Forgiveness.
  • Kassian, Mary. Conversation Peace: Improving Your Relationships One Word at a Time.
  • Lane, Timothy S., and Paul David Tripp. How People Change.
  • Lane, Timothy S., and Paul David Tripp. Relationships: A Mess Worth Making.
  • Lane, Timothy S. Unstuck: A Nine-Step Journey To Change That Lasts.
  • Lutzer, Erwin. When You’ve Been Wronged: Moving From Bitterness to Forgiveness.
  • Marshall, Cheryl and Caroline Newheiser. When Words Matter Most: Speaking Truth with Grace to Those You Love.
  • Maxwell, John. Be A People Person: Effective Leadership Through Effective Relationships.
  • Miller, Paul E. A Loving Life: In a World of Broken Relationships.
  • *Powlison, David. Good and Angry: Redeeming Anger, Irritation, Complaining, and Bitterness.
  • Priolo, Lou. Bitterness: The Root That Pollutes (Resources for Biblical Living).
  • *Priolo, Lou. Pleasing People: How not to be an “approval junkie.”
  • Rainer, Thom S. and Art Rainer. Simple Life: Time, Relationships, Money, God.
  • Robinson, Jeff. Taming the Tongue: How The Gospel Transforms Our Talk.
  • Satrom, Hayley. Forgiveness: Reflecting God’s Mercy (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • *Sande, Ken and Kevin Johnson. Resolving Everyday Conflict
  • *Scazzero, Peter. Emotionally Healthy Spirituality: It’s Impossible to Be Spiritually Mature, While Remaining Emotionally Immature.
  • Smalley, Gary. The DNA of Relationships: Discover How You Are Designed for Satisfying Relationships.
  • Smith, William P. How To Love Difficult People: Receiving and Sharing God’s Mercy.
  • Townsend, John. Boundaries in Marriage: Understanding the Choices That Make or Break Loving Relationships.
  • Tripp, Paul David. Instruments in the Redeemer’s Hands: People in Need of Change Helping People in Need of Change.
  • Viars, Stephen. Overcoming Bitterness: Moving from Life’s Greatest Hurts to a Life Filled with Joy.
  • Viars, Stephen. Putting Your Past in Its Place: Moving Forward in Freedom and Forgiveness.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Blame It On The Brain: Distinguishing Chemical Imbalances, Brain Disorders, and Disobedience.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Caring for One Another: 8 Ways to Cultivate Meaningful Relationships.
  • *Welch, Edward T. A Small Book about a Big Problem: Meditations on Anger, Patience, and Peace.
  • *Welch, Edward T. A Small Book about Why We Hide: How Jesus Rescues Us from Insecurity, Regret, Failure, and Shame.
  • *Welch, Edward T. Side by Side: Walking with Others in Wisdom and Love.
  • *Welch, Edward T. When People Are Big and God is Small: Overcoming Peer Pressure, Codependency, and the Fear of Man (Resources for Changing Lives).
  • Whitman, Lauren. A Painful Past: Healing and Moving Forward (31-Day Devotionals for Life).
  • Wytsma, Ken. Redeeming How We Talk: Discover How Communication Fuels Our Growth, Shapes Our Relationships, and Changes Our Lives.

Families

  • Anthony, Michael and Michelle Anthony. A Theology for Family Ministry.
  • Anthony, Michelle. Becoming a Spiritually Healthy Family: Avoiding the 6 Dysfunctional Parenting Styles. 
  • *Beeke, Joel. How Should Men Lead Their Families?
  • Chandler, Matt and Adam Griffin. Family Discipleship: Leading Your Home Through Time, Moments, and Milestones.
  • Chapman, Gary and Shannon Warden. The DIY Guide to Building a Family that Lasts: 12 Tools for Improving Your Home Life.
  • Chapman, Gary. The Family You’ve Always Wanted: Five Ways You Can Make It Happen.
  • Chester Tim. Gospel-Centered Family.
  • Earley, Justin Whitmel. Habits of the Household: Practicing the Story of God in Everyday Family Rhythms.
  • *Eggerichs, Emerson. Love and Respect in the Family: The Respect Parents Desire; The Love Children Need.
  • Elliot, Elisabeth. The Shaping of a Christian Family: How My Parents Nurtured My Faith.
  • Hughes, Kent and Barbara. Disciplines of a Godly Family.
  • Jones, Timothy Paul. Family Ministry Field Guide: How Your Church Can Equip Parents to Make Disciples.
  • Jones, Timothy Paul, ed. Perspectives on Family Ministry: Three Views.
  • *Kostenberger, Andreas J. God, Marriage, and Family: Rebuilding the Biblical Foundation.
  • Kimmel, Tim. Grace-Based Parenting: Set Your Family Tree.
  • Leman, Kevin. Have a Happy Family by Friday: How to Improve Communication, Respect & Teamwork in 5 Days.
  • *Lewis, Robert. Real Family Values: Leading Your Family into the 21st Century with Clarity and Conviction.
  • *Newman, Randy. Bringing the Gospel Home: Witnessing to Family Members, Close Friends, and Others Who Know You Well.
  • Powell, Kara and Steven Argue. Growing With: Every Parent’s Guide to Helping Teenagers and Young Adults Thrive in Their Faith, Family, and Future.
  • Powell, Kara. The Sticky Faith Guide for Your Family: Over 100 Practical and Tested Ideas to Build Lasting Faith in Kids.
  • *Sande, Ken. Peacemaking for Families: A Biblical Guide to Managing Conflict in Your Home.
  • Schaeffer, Edith. What is a Family?
  • *Smalley, Gary and John Trent. The Blessing: Giving the Gift of Unconditional Love and Acceptance.
  • Whitney, Donald S. Family Worship: In the Bible, In History, and In Your Home.

Book Review of: RC Sproul Defender of the Reformed Faith by Nate Pickowicz

A Good Overview of R.C. Sproul’s Theological Passions

By David P. Craig

This is the third biographical book I’ve read on one of my theological heroes: R.C. Sproul. The other two being by his son, Growing Up (with) R.C.: Truths I have learned about Grace, Redemption, and the Holiness of God by R.C. Sproul jr.; and R.C. Sproul: A Life by Stephen J. Nichols. R.C. is arguably (in my opinion, most definitely) the greatest and most influential evangelical theologian of the closing of the twentieth century and the first two decades of the twenty-first century. I am hopeful that more biographies will be forthcoming – that especially address some topics I will delineate below.

I like, the author, have been following R.C.’s teachings and have read all of his books, been to three Ligonier conferences, and have been heavily influenced by Dr. Sproul in my own life and ministry as a Senior Pastor. Many people have had their foot in the door to R.C.’s influence via reading his classic book the Holiness of God or through the Video series by the same title. In my opinion this book was the most important theological book written in the twentieth century, and will continue to be read until the return of Jesus Christ.

What Pickowicz does in this brief biography is really highlight the key points of Sproul’s life: his childhood in Pittsburgh; his conversion to Christ in college; his scholarly pursuits as a philosopher and theologian; and then hones in on his key ministries (Ligonier Study Center, Ligonier Ministries, and Senior Pastor of Saint Andrews Church) and worldwide theological influence through his speaking and writing.

The most interesting insight to me was how the controversies Sproul was involved with were reflections of the same controversies in the reformation during the 1500’s. As a template for what Pickowicz writes in the book early on he writes, “Once I began research for this book, it occurred to me that R.C.’s five decades of ministry loosely reflected the five solas of the Reformation. In the early 1970s R.C. led the Evangelical charge for the inerrancy and authority of the Bible (sola Scriptura). In the 1980s he labored for the rediscovery of the holiness and sovereignty of God, with his contribution Chosen by God firmly articulating the heart of sola gratia. In the 1990s he was quite literally contending for sola fide, as he was forced to stand against his own friends in opposing the Evangelicals and Catholics Together movement. The fourth decade of his public ministry brought him into pastoral ministry—the shepherding of Christ’s church. For years he had defended the Protestant view of salvation against the errors of Roman Catholicism, which propagates salvation through celebrating Mass; R.C. was emphatic that the sole source of our salvation and central focus of church worship was Christ alone (solus Christus). Finally, in the last decade of R.C.’ s life, Ligonier Ministries broadened their worldwide reach as R.C. began to explore other expressions of ministry such as founding a Bible college, releasing two albums of original hymns, publishing children’s books, and more—his attempt to do all things for the glory of God—soli Deo gloria.”

The author does a good job of summarizing the theological emphasis of Sproul’s teaching and writing. He emphasizes the sola’s and their importance for Sproul, and for evangelicalism in the twenty-first century. Thus far the works listed above by Nichols, Sproul jr., and the current offering have a lot of material that can be gleaned through Sproul’s writings, videos, sermons, and lectures.

I hope someone who was close to him (maybe Vesta, his wife, or Sinclair Ferguson, Steven Lawson, John MacArthur, or Burk Parsons, hint, hint) will write a more personal biography that will examine some of these issues: (1) How did he spend his time? Sproul was prolific (the author writes that Sproul estimated he lectured, taught, and gave close to 30,000 speeches/sermons). I’d like to know how he did his lecture, sermon, and video preparation. There is some insight into this, but I’d like to see more. So far, not one has really talked about “how” he did what he did. Everyone has talked about the content, but how did he put it together. (2) How about his prayer life? When did he pray? Did he have any methods of prayer? (3) He loved sports – the Steelers and Pirates; and was at one time a scratch golfer. I’d like to know how he spent his free time. Did he take days off? I know he didn’t like to fly, but how about vacations and how did he integrate work with free time? (4) So far the three biographies above make R.C. sound super human and almost sinless. Not that I want “dirt.” But I’m glad that the Bible includes weaknesses as well as strengths of all of the saints. I’d like to know more about his struggles and how God helped him through those struggles. (5) He was an accomplished pianist and enjoyed the arts – I’d like to hear more about his side interests and how this influenced his love for God and giving glory to God in all things – including golf and playing the piano. (6) How did he balance life and work with family? He seems to be a wonderful husband, father, and grand father, but how did he do it? How did he make time for his family in the midst of so many demands? I could go on and on.

I hope and pray that someone will be able to write a respectful and yet more intimate biography of Sproul. Maybe we will never get that. But I hope we will. Like many who love R.C. as a theological mentor I hope that someone will “take up and write” what we don’t know and can’t find from his own works. I long for a biography that gets into the soul of Sproul. Since R.C. Sproul never wrote an autobiography, maybe we will have to wait until heaven to ask him ourselves. 

I am grateful for the influence of Sproul, and for those like Pickowicz who have taken the time to write about him and his theology. May many more biographies be forthcoming so that we can learn from a man who had a passion for God, truth, the gospel, Jesus, and His Word – for His glory. Thanks to the author for a job well done – R.C. would be pleased that His Lord and Savior was honored, the gospel was proclaimed, and God received glory. I especially recommend this book for those that aren’t as familiar with R.C., as a good introduction to his life, teaching, and worldwide influence for the glory of God.